Journal Article10.1007/S00426-003-0132-Y
A feature-integration account of sequential effects in the Simon task.
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TL;DR: These findings rule out gating/suppression accounts that attribute sequential dependencies to response selection difficulties and demonstrate that accounting for the sequential dependencies of Simon effects does not require the assumption of information gating or response suppression.
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Abstract: Recent studies have shown that the effects of irrelevant spatial stimulus-response (S-R) correspondence (i.e., the Simon effect) occur only after trials in which the stimulus and response locations corresponded. This has been attributed to the gating of irrelevant information or the suppression of an automatic S-R route after experiencing a noncorresponding trial-a challenge to the widespread assumption of direct, intentionally unmediated links between spatial stimulus and response codes. However, trial sequences in a Simon task are likely to produce effects of stimulus- and response-feature integration that may mimic the sequential dependencies of Simon effects. Four experiments confirmed that Simon effects are eliminated if the preceding trial involved a noncorresponding S-R pair. However, this was true even when the preceding response did not depend on the preceding stimulus or if the preceding trial required no response at all. These findings rule out gating/suppression accounts that attribute sequential dependencies to response selection difficulties. Moreover, they are consistent with a feature-integration approach and demonstrate that accounting for the sequential dependencies of Simon effects does not require the assumption of information gating or response suppression.
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Citations
Interactive modulations between congruency sequence effects and validity sequence effects.
TL;DR: In this article, a modified attentional network test (ANT) was used to investigate the relationship between congruency sequence effects and validity sequence effects (VSE) in both conflict and spatial orienting tasks, and it was found that the sequence effects in these networks are possibly controlled by a complex and multifaceted adaptive control mechanism.
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A neural hallmark of auditory implicit learning is altered in older adults.
Sarah E. Donohue,Sarah E. Donohue,Steffi Weinhold,Mircea Ariel Schoenfeld,Mircea Ariel Schoenfeld,Rodrigo Quian Quiroga,Jens-Max Hopf,Jens-Max Hopf +7 more
TL;DR: The data suggest that, although auditory implicit learning may be behaviorally spared in aging, older adults are not using the same neural substrates as younger adults to achieve this.
•Dissertation
The Role of Adaptive Cognitive Control in Voluntary Task Selection.
Joseph Michael Orr
- 01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: Findings support a two-component model for minimizing distraction and speak to a longstanding debate over how the anterior cingulate cortex contributes to cognitive control.
1
Variations in working memory capacity: From cognition to brain networks
Rasa Gulbinaite
- 01 Jan 2014
Abstract: Werkgeheugen (WG) voorspelt ons vermogen om kennis te vergaren en nieuwe vaardigheden te leren, en is een betere voorspeller van academisch succes dan IQ. Het onderzoek zoals beschreven in deze thesis is gemotiveerd door een van de cognitieve theorieen van WG- de executive-aandacht theorie van WG. De theorie suggereert een nauwe relatie tussen individueel werkgeheugen en aandachtvermogen tijdens interferentie van gewone handelingspatronen, afleidende factoren an de omgeving, of gedachten die niet relevant zijn voor de bewuste taak (i.e. niet-taakgeralateerde gedachten of afwalende gedachten) zijn. In deze thesis kijken we naar de vaak geziene relatie tussen werkgeheugen en prestatie tijdens respons-conflict taken (e.g., Simon taak, Eriksen flanker taak), die een uitdaging vormen voor iemands vermogen om taken uit te voeren terwijl ze worden afgeleid. Door de relatie tussen het WG en cognitief vermogen te karakteriseren zoeken we de verbreding van WG-onderzoek van het cognitieve tot het neurale niveau. Daarbij combineren we diverse analyses en experimentele benaderingen. Tot slot, de resultaten zoals in dit proefschrift beschreven, wijzen op de noodzaak om de bestaande cognitieve theorieen van het WG te vernieuwen met neurofysiologische bevindingen uit fMRI en EEG onderzoek, omdat bestaande beschrijvende cognitieve modellen tekort schieten om de rijkdom en complexiteit van de verschijnselen in combinatie met individuele variaties in het WG te verklaren.
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