A comparison of narrative exposure therapy, supportive counseling, and psychoeducation for treating posttraumatic stress disorder in an african refugee settlement.

TL;DR: Foa et al. as mentioned in this paper investigated posttraumatischen kognitiven veranderungen (PTCI) bei 151 Kriminalitatsopfern untersucht, and found that PTB-Symptomatik is oft ungenugend unterstutzt und wertgeschatzt and ziehen sich von zwischenmenschlichen Kontakten zuruck.

TL;DR: Data indicate that DF is reduced in PTSD and that the reduction is related to stimulus arousal, and individuals with PTSD are characterized by a more global encoding style than individuals without PTSD, reflected in a higher false alarm rate.

TL;DR: The Narrative Expositionstherapie (NET) as discussed by the authors verglichen standardbehandlungen (TU; treatment as usual) bei traumatisierten Asylsuchenden in Deutschland.

Abstract: 1. The integrated wholeness of the organism must be one of the foundation stones of motivation theory. 2. The hunger drive (or any other physiological drive) was rejected as a centering point or model for a definitive theory of motivation. Any drive that is somatically based and localizable was shown to be atypical rather than typical in human motivation. 3. Such a theory should stress and center itself upon ultimate or basic goals rather than partial or superficial ones, upon ends rather than means to these ends. Such a stress would imply a more central place for unconscious than for conscious motivations. 4. There are usually available various cultural paths to the same goal. Therefore conscious, specific, local-cultural desires are not as fundamental in motivation theory as the more basic, unconscious goals. 5. Any motivated behavior, either preparatory or consummatory, must be understood to be a channel through which many basic needs may be simultaneously expressed or satisfied. Typically an act has more than one motivation. 6. Practically all organismic states are to be understood as motivated and as motivating. 7. Human needs arrange themselves in hierarchies of prepotency. That is to say, the appearance of one need usually rests on the prior satisfaction of another, more pre-potent need. Man is a perpetually wanting animal. Also no need or drive can be treated as if it were isolated or discrete; every drive is related to the state of satisfaction or dissatisfaction of other drives. 8. Lists of drives will get us nowhere for various theoretical and practical reasons. Furthermore any classification of motivations

TL;DR: Twenty cross-sectional and longitudinal tests of empirical validity previously published for the 36-item short-form scales and summary measures were replicated for the 12-item Physical Component Summary and the12-item Mental Component Summary, including comparisons between patient groups known to differ or to change in terms of the presence and seriousness of physical and mental conditions.

TL;DR: A cognitive model of persistence of PTSD is proposed that is consistent with the main clinical features of PTSD, helps explain several apparently puzzling phenomena and provides a framework for treatment by identifying three key targets for change.