A Comparison of Five Brief Screening Tools for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders in the USA and South Africa
John A. Joska,J. Witten,Kevin G. F. Thomas,C. Robertson,M. Casson-Crook,Heidi Vornbrock Roosa,Jason Creighton,Jennifer L. Lyons,Justin C. McArthur,Ned Sacktor +9 more
81
TL;DR: The combination IHDS and CAT-rapid tool appears to be a good screener for HIV-D but is only fairly sensitive and poorly specific in screening for any HAND.
read more
Abstract: Screening for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) is important to improve clinical outcomes. We compared the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the mini-mental state examination, International HIV dementia scale (IHDS), Montreal cognitive assessment, Simioni symptom questionnaire and cognitive assessment tool-rapid version (CAT-rapid) to a gold standard neuropsychological battery. Antiretroviral-experienced participants from Cape Town, South Africa, and Baltimore, USA, were recruited. The sensitivity and specificity of the five tools, as well as those of the combined IHDS and CAT-rapid, were established using 2 × 2 contingency tables and ROC analysis. More than a third (65165) had symptomatic HAND. In detecting HIV-D, the CAT-Rapid had good sensitivity (94 %) and weak specificity (52 %) (cut-point ≤10), while the IHDS showed fair sensitivity (68 %) and good specificity (86 %) (cut-point ≤10). The combined IHDS and CAT-rapid showed excellent sensitivity and specificity for HIV-D at a cut-off score of ≤16 (out of 20; 89 and 82 %). No tool was adequate in screening for any HAND. The combination IHDS and CAT-rapid tool appears to be a good screener for HIV-D but is only fairly sensitive and poorly specific in screening for any HAND. Screening for milder forms of HAND continues to be a clinical challenge.
read more
Chat with Paper
AI Agents for this Paper
Find similar papers on Google Scholar, PubMed and Arxiv
Write a critical review of this paper
Analyze citations of this paper to find unaddressed research gaps
Citations
A re-examination of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) cutoff scores.
TL;DR: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the literature was conducted to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the MoCA for differentiating healthy cognitive aging from possible MCI.
701
Aging, comorbidities, and the importance of finding biomarkers for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
TL;DR: It is important to consider an age-appropriate differential diagnosis for HAND as the HIV-positive population continues to grow older and the accuracy and reliability of the diagnosis of mild forms of HAND in an aging population of HIV-infected individuals is challenging.
59
Worldwide Occurrence of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders and Its Associated Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
TL;DR: The prevalence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders was about 50.41% and low level of education and older age, clinical and HIV related variables such as the advanced stage of the illness and CD4 count of 500 cells/dl or less, and comorbidity of depression were associated with HIV associated neuroc cognitive disorders.
Neurocognitive and functional impairment in adult and paediatric tuberculous meningitis
Angharad G Davis,Angharad G Davis,Angharad G Davis,Sam Nightingale,Priscilla Springer,Regan Solomons,Ana Arenivas,Robert J. Wilkinson,Robert J. Wilkinson,Robert J. Wilkinson,Suzanne T. Anderson,Felicia C. Chow +11 more
- 13 Nov 2019
TL;DR: Recommendations on which measures should be used at what timepoints to assess for impairment are made, with a view to optimising and standardising assessment of neurocognitive and functional impairment in TBM research.
Limitations of the International HIV Dementia Scale in the current era.
Benedetta Milanini,Robert H. Paul,Emmanuel Bahemana,Yakubu Adamu,Francis Kiweewa,Rither Langat,John Owuoth,Elaine Allen,Christina S Polyak,Christina S Polyak,Julie A Ake,Victor Valcour,Africos study Team +12 more
TL;DR: The IHDS has poor performance characteristics for the identification of cognitive impairment in East Africa and cultural-informed and sensitive screening tests are needed to detect mild cognitive dysfunctions in developing countries.
32
References
Neuropsychological test performance in patients co-infected with hepatitis C virus and HIV.
William Perry,Meghan D. Carlson,Fatma Barakat,Robin C. Hilsabeck,Robin C. Hilsabeck,Dawn M. Schiehser,Christopher Mathews,Tarek Hassanein +7 more
TL;DR: Relatively healthy patients with HCV (either alone or when co-infected with HIV) may have deficits in the domains of attention, concentration and psychomotor speed.
A smartphone app to screen for hiv-related neurocognitive impairment
Reuben N. Robbins,Henry G Brown,Andries Ehlers,John A. Joska,Kevin G. F. Thomas,Rhonda Burgess,Desiree Byrd,Susan Morgello +7 more
TL;DR: While NeuroScreen demonstrated robust psychometric properties and acceptability, further testing with larger and less neurocognitively impaired samples is warranted, to help make routine screening for HIV-related NCI feasible.
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder.
TL;DR: Ongoing research is required to improve neurological outcomes for persons living with HIV, and it is likely that interventions beyond antiviral approaches will be required to control or reverse HIV-associated neurocognitive disease.
Evaluation of brief screening tools for neurocognitive impairment in HIV/AIDS: a systematic review of the literature.
Amy R. Zipursky,David Gogolishvili,Sergio Rueda,Jason Brunetta,Adriana Carvalhal,Jennifer A. McCombe,M. John Gill,Anita Rachlis,Ron Rosenes,Gordon Arbess,Thomas D. Marcotte,Sean B. Rourke +11 more
TL;DR: Further investigation, with improved methodology, is required to understand the utility of newer screening tools for HAND; further tools may need to be developed for milder HAND conditions.
The Alzheimer’s disease-8 and Montreal Cognitive Assessment as screening tools for neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected persons
Edgar T. Overton,Tej D. Azad,Neva Parker,Debra Demarco Shaw,Judy Frain,Teresa Spitz,Elizabeth Westerhaus,Robert H. Paul,David B. Clifford,Beau M. Ances +9 more
TL;DR: The findings highlight that brief screening tools correlate with formal neuropsychological testing, however, the sensitivities of these screening tools are lower than desired.
Related Papers (5)
Andrea Antinori,Gabriele Arendt,James T. Becker,Bruce J. Brew,Desiree Byrd,Mariana Cherner,David B. Clifford,Paola Cinque,Leon G. Epstein,K. Goodkin,Magnus Gisslén,Igor Grant,Robert K. Heaton,Jeymohan Joseph,Karen Marder,Camillo Marra,Justin C. McArthur,Michael Nunn,Richard W. Price,Lynn Pulliam,Kevin Robertson,Ned Sacktor,Victor Valcour,Valerie Wojna +23 more
Robert K. Heaton,David B. Clifford,Donald Franklin,Steven Paul Woods,Christopher Ake,Florin Vaida,Ronald J. Ellis,S. Letendre,Thomas D. Marcotte,Joseph H. Atkinson,Monica Rivera-Mindt,Ofilio Vigil,Michael J. Taylor,Ann C. Collier,Camillo Marra,Benjamin B. Gelman,Justin C. McArthur,Susan Morgello,David M. Simpson,McCutchan Ja,Ian Abramson,Anthony Gamst,Christine Fennema-Notestine,Terry L. Jernigan,Joseph K. Wong,Igor Grant +25 more
Robert K. Heaton,Donald Franklin,Ronald J. Ellis,J. Allen McCutchan,Scott Letendre,Shannon LeBlanc,Stephanie Corkran,Nichole A. Duarte,David B. Clifford,Steven Paul Woods,Ann C. Collier,Christina M. Marra,Susan Morgello,Monica Rivera Mindt,Michael J. Taylor,Thomas D. Marcotte,J. Hampton Atkinson,Tanya Wolfson,Benjamin B. Gelman,Justin C. McArthur,David M. Simpson,Ian Abramson,Anthony Gamst,Christine Fennema-Notestine,Terry L. Jernigan,Joseph K. Wong,Igor Grant +26 more