2. Tracking the low back merger in Missouri

TL;DR: This paper reported responses to a language questionnaire for an extensive set of phonological, lexical, and grammatical variables in Kansas City and found that race is the primary social predictor of survey responses.

TL;DR: Historical sociophonetic data from Missouri, US, reveals a transition to a nasal /æ/ system via children's probabilistic calculations and incrementation.

TL;DR: This study explores how 12 African Americans in Bakersfield, California, combine local and racialized linguistic features to index multiple identities, illustrating a fluid linguistic repertoire that articulates multidimensional identity through stylistic bricolage.

TL;DR: This article found that flip-flop between the cot and caught vowels occurs for two speakers in a recent sample from San Francisco, California, and found that the two speakers who produce flipflop are seen to represent a key transitional generation with respect to the ethnic identity of the neighborhood.

TL;DR: For example, Hay et al. as mentioned in this paper found that New Zealand listeners who produce merged tokens of near and square can accurately distinguish between the vowels in perception even though they report that they are guessing.

TL;DR: The authors examined pre-l/l/ allophones of vowels in five lexical sets (GOOSE, FOOT, GOAT, STRUT, and THOUGHT) in Kansas City.

TL;DR: In this paper, an acoustic phonetic description of Hawai'i English vowels is provided, which includes wordlist tokens produced by twenty-three speakers (twelve males and eleven females) and spontaneous speech tokens generated by ten speakers.