Abstract: The present article discusses the recent neo-conservative movement in Brazil led by the Agribusiness and Evangelical Congressional Caucuses. Both fronts built and consolidated a confluence of objectives and political linkages in the National Congress to confront access to human rights. Neoconservative narratives centered on the “moral agenda” and based on the manipulation of Christian religious values have grown in Brazil’s public scene, countering concepts of gender equality, sexual diversity and reproductive rights. At the same time, an agenda of “legal certainty”, based on the interests of agribusiness, has dismantled environmental protection policies and blocked indigenous and quilombola rights to access land. This movement promotes the delegitimization of anthropological knowledge and of the sciences in general, while undermining the fundamental rights referenced by the Brazilian constitution. With the inauguration of a neoconservative government, intolerance has grown. As Bauman warns, one of the conditions of the dehumanization of the “Other” is authorization by government practices. The challenges facing Brazilian anthropology have increased dramatically in this scenario.

Abstract: This article analyses the main categories of accusation found in the speeches of leaders from the People’s Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) during the Civil War in Angola (1975-2002). Seeking to understand the entanglements between the global and local dimensions of the conflict, we argue that the accusations made by Agostinho Neto (MPLA), Jose Eduardo dos Santos (MPLA), and Jonas Savimbi (UNITA) aimed to delegitimize the ‘other’ in the act of claiming legitimacy to occupy the state. This is achieved through the opposition between accusatory categories attributed to the ‘other’ and their inverse, categories attributed to the person making the accusation. We thereby show how the understanding of political conflicts in general, and the conflict in Angola specifically, can be illuminated through the analysis of categories whose linguistic dimension is entangled with historically constituted social positionalities.

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to present new reflections on ethnographic research conducted in the Lower Amazon, in social situations investigated under fieldwork conditions over two and a half decades. During this period, nation-building developmental projects promoted by capitalist enterprises and the modernising state, regarded as the two most important powers that organise space today, have been implemented. In this context of hegemonic developmental policies, narratives related to territorial and cultural rights are produced, which equally count on the contribution of anthropologists through academic research and the elaboration of legal and administrative reports in Brazil as new narrative genres.

Abstract: This article analyzes how religious values, around which the campaign of Jair Bolsonaro was organized and which continue to be used to maintain the fidelity of the religious bases of his government, originate from the actions of the Evangelical Parliamentary Front in the National Congress, which since its establishment has demanded that the values of “the moral majority” be observed by the state. To achieve this, members of the Front instrumentalize legal principles, while also evoking moral panic. These steps, allied to support for other conservative proposals, form the political agenda of a new right that has acted effectively in Brazilian politics and become the political base of a government for which a moral agenda is the backbone of a new state that is “terribly Christian”, extremist and conservative. Given this challenging situation, what are the impacts of this sole truth becoming state policy for social diversities, and on our anthropological reflections about the imbrications between religion and politics?

Abstract: This paper examines how Haitian migration connecting Haiti to Brasilia is enacted through Latin America. The empirical data come from an ethnographic study of Haitians in Brasilia. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted with 34 migrants to reconstruct their mobilities. We explore how the Haitians’ historical practice of living on the move has enabled them to deal with border controls and develop tactics to circulate through several Latin America countries, including Brazil. We argue that their migration to the Brazilian capital can neither be understood as a linear movement characterized by an established Haiti-Brasilia connection nor defined as movement to a place where these migrants attempt to settle down. Rather, we show that the recent presence of Brasilia in the mobility of these Haitians has to be understood in the context of a vast dynamic meshwork of places, people and information.

Abstract: The aim of this work is to describe and analyze the different types of relationships established between the peoples of the Upper Xingu through their regional rituals. Starting from a description of the uluki exchange ceremony, we will discuss how this ritual, by mobilizing Xinguano ideas about friendship, produces contexts of interaction in which characteristics of intra-village sociality are extended to regional sociality. At the same time that the uluki defines, together with other regional rituals, a certain “Xinguano interiority” (the world of multi-community rituals), it is also one of its main forms of opening, having the potential to attract to the Xinguano world not only singular persons, but entire groups.

Abstract: This article examines how in the past two decades development standards have been established for the Amazon based on both strengthening environmental governance and expanding agriculture. It describes how the process of construction in time of an ambiguous development policy model for the Amazon, which has oscillated between territorial management based on a “green agenda” perspective and investment in policies that favored territorial security of land occupancy implemented through changes in laws and regulations concerning the environment and land ownership. Finally, I emphasize the recent convergence of interests of international cooperation, the state and agribusiness around public policies for environmental regulation based on a perspective of harmonious conviviality and positive and systemic alignment between the economy and the environment.

Abstract: Resume En privilegiant, a partir d’une perspective ethnographique, les points de vue des personnes en mouvement, le present article cherche a traiter des differentes wout (routes, en creole haitien) que les Haitiens ont empruntees, specifiquement a partir du Bresil. Je propose une analyse des configurations et des dynamiques de la mobilite pour chache lavi (chercher la vie). Quels sont les sens et les usages pratiques de la categorie wout? Comment s’articule la circulation des individus et des familles face aux controles des gouvernements et des agences d’immigration ? Comment se deploient les strategies pour que les wout des individus puissent avoir lieu en depit des impasses physiques et symboliques ? Chache lavi non seulement cree, construit et deconstruit des relations entre les personnes, mais il implique egalement des tensions et des dimensions subjectives, outre des jeux permanents entre le legal et l’illegal.

Abstract: The article problematizes the questions of identities and territories, and the forms of resilience in contemporary Brazil, based on the correlation between power, territoriality, State and development, emphasizing situations of vulnerability of indigenous peoples, quilombos, peoples and traditional communities, as well as their fights for recognition, access to land/territory and other rights. The developmentalist perspective adopted by the Brazilian State has resulted in a series of impacts on territories and ways of life, resulting in deficits of citizenship for various historically excluded groups. This situation has worsened over the last few years with a political setting of demographic regression (revocation of legal frameworks, dissolution of social oversight bodies, dismantling of State apparatuses, cancelation of social programs, budget cuts), in line with hegemonic interests and projects. The article also problematizes the work of the anthropologist in the processes of recognizing collective and territorial rights, in dialogue with the judicial field, the federal government and social movements.

Abstract: The categories that define people on the move must be understood as unstable, contingent, and provisional processes. This paper contributes to a growing body of scholarship that explores the lived complexities of migrant categorization and their social implications. Based on fieldwork in Brazil and Central America, the paper investigates the processual character of categorization by intertwining temporal and spatial dimensions, focusing on specific events to understand the occasions, circumstances, and intentions that bring about adapted or entirely new categories. An eventful notion of categorization demonstrates not only how categories come into being but also how categories remain connected to particular events that are recognized or produced in response to movement. These categories stick to the identity of a subject in transit, confirming and solidifying it; however, they can also challenge the subject’s legal stability, generating new insecurities and (im-)mobilities.

Abstract: Abstract The present article discusses the processes of political and social mobilization of the Afro-religious in the face of the religious racism and “christofascist” politics deployed by groups with an Evangelical-Pentecostal profile. Based on ethnographic research conducted since 2008 in Rio de Janeiro, Brasília, Aracaju and Maceió, the article analyzes how these mobilization strategies are constituted in a modality of “terreiro politics” as a means of “doing politics”, delimiting public identities, and debating accusations of increased and growing symbolic and concrete violations of Afro-based religions. The article also discusses how the categories intolerance, racism and genocide are part of a civic grammar that seeks to charge the State - most particularly the police and the judiciary - and push it to guarantee of rights in face the face of growing religious extremism characterized by narratives and actions aimed at building political agendas fueled by religious dogmas (“christofascism”), which result in violent acts against afroreligious terreiros.

Abstract: Resumen El articulo aborda la relacion entre las sobrecargas de los cuidados y las estrategias de movilidad transfronteriza femeninas en la Triple Frontera del Parana. Se muestra como las asimetrias estatales entre los tres paises colindantes (Argentina, Brasil y Paraguay) generan diferencias de acceso a derechos basicos, particularmente, a la atencion sanitaria. Partire contextualizando la Triple Frontera, ofreciendo una sintesis de las experiencias/problematicas femeninas en estos territorios. Luego, revisare los debates teoricos sobre cuidados, fronteras y genero en territorios transfronterizos. Los apartados cuatro, cinco y seis recuperan mis dialogos con tres mujeres, conduciendo a reflexiones sobre como ellas elaboran un “cuidadometro”: basando sus estrategias de movilidad transfronterizas en las mediciones de las potencialidades del cuidado recibido y entregado en cada lado de las fronteras.

Abstract: Using my 14-month ethnographic research at Old Bank, in the Caribbean coast of Panama, I seek to map how the domains I knew of this village were shaped by the multisensory relationships I established with my interlocutors and the spaces in which they lived, circled, and projected their voices. In dialogue with the Caribbean literature, I show how the locally established contrasts between before and today, as well as the existence of the distinct neighborhoods of the village, expressed the historical process of space occupation, based on the use, inheritance and collective ownership of family land. Finally, connext Ingold's argument about landscape with ethnographic data, underlining how Old Bank´s time and space are created through the relationship between human beings and God.

Abstract: Resumen Este articulo trata sobre las nociones territoriales entre la gente i´ku, grupo indigena del Caribe colombiano. La idea central es discutir la categoria “Linea Negra”, usandola como eje central territorial y, para ello, se parte de una cuestion basica ya descrita en otras ocasiones: la disparidad de las perspetivas gubernamentales e indigenas sobre el territorio. El argumento central conlleva a desestabilizar la idea de que la Linea Negra es un limite en el sentido occidental de la palabra, iluminando otras relaciones en las que los lugares primordiales, o sagrados, son protagonistas.

Abstract: The purpose of this reflection is to draw attention to the effects that recent political transformations have produced on people's subjectivity by observing clues to how these events are inscribed in daily relations. We approach both those who feel affected by or vulnerable to escalating discourses and practices of sexist, racist, homophobic and class violence, and others who have in some way adhered to conservative and exclusionary discourse. We are directly interested in the subjects, many of whom are devastated, who in their efforts, amazement, and negotiations interest us, not specifically the events to which we refer. As will be noted, the category “suffering” is central to this debate.

Abstract: This study examines dogs that pull sledges in tourist activities in Ushuaia (capital of Tierra del Fuego province) and their relations with their breeders (the mushers) and with the tourists they both work for. Nevertheless, during my field research I also came across other dogs in other contexts, among them the numerous companion dogs abandoned in the city and the so-called “wild dogs”, who live in rural areas and are thus seen by Fuegians as “harmful animals” and an “invasive alien species” - that is, a problem to be solved. In this paper I consider sled dogs and wild dogs, and the different statuses that dogs can assume in these different contexts in which animals and humans relate, considering that in Tierra del Fuego canine work operates as a domesticity regime.

Abstract: Resumen Este articulo analiza algunos aspectos del programa brasileno de Interiorizacion de personas procedentes de Venezuela, a partir de la experiencia de algunos “nucleos familiares” que fueron trasladados de Roraima a Rio Grande do Norte en 2018. El texto propone una comparacion del programa de interiorizacion, en sus contornos locales en Caico, con el programa de reasentamiento solidario previamente investigado en otras regiones del pais, sugiriendo que existe una continuidad de algunas tradiciones administrativas de personas en exodo y, al mismo tiempo, indicando transformaciones significativas en la administracion de los asuntos migratorios en los ultimos anos. El articulo concluye con la reflexion de algunos desafios politicos y eticos que aparecieron durante los periodos de observacion participante que dieron origen a esta contribucion.

Abstract: This article is the result of a research conducted in the villages of Regencia Augusta and Povoacao, in the State of Espirito Santo, Brazil The objective is to contribute to knowledge concerning biodiversity conservation projects and the relationships between these, local communities and emblematic species in the midst of socio-environmental conflicts We intend to highlight some of the ways that human agents interact with each other through the relationship with other non-human agents, developing conceptions and actions in and with the world around them The empirical analysis addresses the case of sea turtles and the environmental agents who deal with them Those who patrol the beach are prominent in this text, but we will also consider the way in which these works form an ambiguous relationship with other knowledges and practices The region is going through political, economic and environmental divergences related to resources and the local landscape, aggravated by the arrival of Samarco’s mud

Abstract: Outside of Europe’s top football leagues, migrant athletes are often subjected to short-term contracts, poor housing conditions, isolation and the ever-present risk of premature career termination due to injuries. This paper is part of a current multi-sited ethnography on Brazilian futsal and football migrants in Central and Eastern Europe. It is based on life-history interviews with migrant players and uses transnational lenses to approach sports migrants’ movements in these regions. The study conceptualises futsal and football as an ethnographic continuum. Football and futsal players participate in similar processes of early professionalisation. However, at the ages of 16 or 17, athletes become professionals in either football or futsal, seeking specialisation. The role that borders, families, injuries and emotions play in the lives of sports migrants are also analysed. The current study presents a diversified narrative of contemporary sports migration movements.

Abstract: In this article we argue that, in order to understand the “attack” made on anthropology in Brazil, undertaken in the public sphere since the beginning of the second decade of the twenty-first century, we need to look at how anthropological knowledge has become disciplined and institutionalized in the medium to long term. We refer, in particular, to the relationship between what has been constituted as a “field of anthropology” and issues related to the public sphere. It is also necessary to consider the configuration with other institutionalized knowledge throughout the period spanning from the end of the nineteenth century to the present, with discontinuities but also with some important continuities. We look to show that the anthropology initially undertaken in Brazil was basically committed to furthering the interests of the agrarian-based political elites, a situation that continued from the turn of the nineteenth century to the twentieth century and into the first decades of the twenty-first, not only at the level of nation building, but also in the formation of the State. However, since the 1950s, and especially following creation of the new postgraduate courses in the late 1960s and early 1970s, anthropologists developed knowledge that led them to make an ethical and moral commitment to the communities with which they worked, combined with a critique of the military regime’s developmentalism and dictatorial authoritarianism. During a third moment ranging from the constituent process to the present, a portion of Brazilian anthropologists began to work directly in the recognition of rights constitutionally assigned to differentiated collectivities, generating a growing and progressive zone of friction with the hegemonic sectors at the economic-political level.

Abstract: This article analyses the everyday activities of female traders in open air markets, houses and streets through a comparative approach based on two ethnographies, one situated in Haiti’s Central Plateau, the other in Kongo Central province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In both studies, we identify an essential kind of knowledge needed to do business, namely the creation and maintenance of interpersonal relations that help the trader to form stocks, make journeys, guarantee a clientele, loans and financing in settings of uncertainty and economic instability. Simultaneously, we highlight a moral universe that qualifies more and less acceptable ways of obtaining money. In pursuing this comparative approach, we offer an alternative understanding of economies conventionally treated as informal, proposing an analysis primarily focused on the relations of proximity structuring them.

Abstract: In this article I seek to present certain problematics related to the ProSAVANA agricultural development program, highlighting a mismatch between a political sphere and a scientific sphere, which allowed me to reflect on some effects of the technical discourse that has guided the implementation of this international cooperation project. From research that sought to do an ethnography on the operationalization of this program, I intend to present the manner in which such technopolitical breakdowns in the proposed “technologies transfer” have produced a composition of different temporalities, which conferred a particular pace to the effectiveness of ProSAVANA. In order to describe this strange relation between different forms of knowledge that are expressed in the time of accomplishing a development project - unfolding at different speeds -, I follow the idea of Mbembe (2011) that in the postcolony, time is constantly emerging. In this sense, throughout this article I seek to describe how, by decomposing these different speeds, it is possible to understand the temporalities that emerge from the particular entanglement of technopolitical relations that confer the materiality of this development project.

Abstract: This paper describes the ritual procedures associated with animal sacrifice in the worship of the Hindu goddess Kali in Guyana, formerly British Guiana. Animal sacrifice is explored through questions relating to materiality, personhood and the mutual permeability of persons and objects. The aim is to advance an interpretation based on native conceptions regarding the potential effects of the exchange and circulation of substances between devotees of the goddess Kali, Hindu deities, and ritual artefacts.

Abstract: This article focuses on three moments in the intellectual elucidation of Haitian identity during the time that Haiti was occupied by the United States, from 1915 to 1934. It analyses the intellectual output of writers of Haitian Indigenism, which emerged during this period of crisis and its political developments. The article makes five main points: first, it presents the emergence of Haitian Indigenism; second, it turns to the first manifestation of Haitian intellectuals against the US occupation, considering the so-called ‘writers at the margins of Indigenism; third, it presents the position of authors of the Revue Indigene, particularly of Jean Price-Mars; fourth, it analyses the Revue Les Griots, concentrating on how Francois Duvalier makes political use of the racial issue. Finally, through these investigations, the article establishes a dialogue with contemporary authors who discuss the construction of identity within post-colonial debate.

Abstract: This article examines a conspicuous, vastly disseminating cultural practice among the young Indigenous people of Brazil to hybridize their ethnic motifs with global fashion in order to classify their glocal mode of being Young Indigenous subjects generally perceive the modal practice to be ethnically appropriating in their own generational right Through ethnographic observations coupled with theoretical reflections on cultural hybridity, the authors will highlight how neo-ethnic fashion enables initially marginalized category of Indigenous ethnicity to be brought to public attention on a global scale Neo-ethnic self-styling operates as a means to re-appropriate heritage in trans-traditional ways at a time when ethnicity itself is increasingly becoming a globally trendy subject Social networking service plays a crucial role in disseminating the phenomena across different ethnic groups

Abstract: This article is the result of ethnographic research carried out with black women from San Basilio de Palenque, a black community located in the Colombian Caribbean. These women work as peddlers of different types of sweets in Colombian territories and neighboring countries. My ethnography followed the movement of Palenquera women who circulate with sweets, in order to examine the dynamics, movements, interactions and meanings of this activity in terms of race, gender and work relations. The women find social dignity in the universe of sweets, despite affirming and experiencing harmful effects on their bodies - that is, despite recognizing that peddling sweets is work that can kill, and that makes them “slaves” - and express positive valuations and emotions about the work. This dual meaning of working with sweets permeates the descriptions presented in this article. The trade offers a marginalized and ambiguous strategy that allows them to survive and promote their social mobility, especially by investing the material gains in the formal education of their children, and the sense that this marginal strategy, although it is difficult, provides them autonomy and dignity.

Abstract: In this article, I reflect upon the ways in which Peruvians in Rio de Janeiro negotiate their process of racialization, based on the category Indian and their interaction with me, a Black Brazilian woman. Despite the fact that Indian is part of both the Brazilian and Peruvian racial classification system, this category has particular meanings in each context. When they “discover” they are Indians”, Peruvians face the specificities of anti-Indigenous racism in the urban context of Rio de Janeiro. They also deal with discrimination within the Peruvian community. This article analyzes the case of Peruvians who create self-definitions (Hill-Collins, 2016), both individually and collectively, that challenge stereotypes of peruanidad. Racialization also opens up possibilities for anti-racist solidarity between Peruvians and Black Brazilians. My research is based on ethnographic fieldwork carried out in Brazil and the United States from 2011 to 2016.

Abstract: Originally published in 1990, in the third issue of the journal Cimarrón: New Perspectives on the Caribbean, the article by Michel-Rolph Trouillot (1949-2012), The odd and the ordinary: Haiti, the Caribbean, and the World was written by the Haitian anthropologist in a paradigmatic moment in the history of his native country and his academic trajectory.1 Since 1986, after the long and violent period of the Duvalier dictatorship, democratic initiatives took shape and new progressive political debates emerged in Haiti.2 At this time, Trouillot, who had left Haiti in 1968, precisely because of political persecution, was establishing himself in the North Atlantic as a researcher and university professor.3 Trouillot taught at Duke University, beginning in 1983, and for the next five years helped create the Caribbean Studies Program there (Woodson & Williams, 2013). Shortly after finishing his Ph.D. in the Atlantic History and Culture Program at Johns Hopkins University in 1985, he became a professor at this institution, where he remained until 1998, when he was hired by the prestigious Department of Anthropology at the University of Chicago, where he taught for the rest of his life.4

Abstract: Centered on examining the trajectories of Brazilian actors who migrated to the United States with the purpose of studying and working in that country, this article aims to discuss the rhetoric of difference mobilized by subjects to describe states, markets and their own experiences. The proposal is aligned with anthropological research focused on investigating the politics of difference in transnational contexts. During 2015 and 2016, I conducted interviews with eleven Brazilian artists who lived in the USA. These individuals argued that there was a “universal” communication conferred by “art” and relied on the transcendence of their acting techniques - they believed they were capable of playing any character in the new country. However, as they tried to obtain roles, they encountered restrictions precisely because they were foreigners: their accent, physical appearance and the visa-related limitations prevented them a regular professional practice. The main question is: how these subjects formulated about difference?