Showing papers in "Third Text in 1982"
TL;DR: In this article, the concept of attitude is used as a point of departure for the creation of a model of the complementary functioning of discursive and experiential memorial representation, and attitude-based processes are relatively more important in cases where prior knowledge does not provide a strong basis for connecting information.
Abstract: F. C. Bartlett's concept of "attitude" is used in this paper as a point of departure for the creation of a model of the complementary functioning of discursive and experiential memorial representation. The paper first discusses several of the memorial functions of experiential representation, in particular the integrative function related to the pervasive aspect of attitudes and the function of attitudes as "landmarks" for indexing and checking Memories. The paper next examines one area that concerns itself with' attitude-like processes--state-dependent memory. After exploring some of the effects on memory of a text oduced by varying the experiential state of the reader, the paper argues that attitude-based processes are relatively more important in cases where prior knowledge does not provide a strong basis for connecting information. A brief outline of an inferential reconstruction model that incorporates knowledge of the world and pervasive experiential coloration in mutually facilitating interactive functioning is presented. (FG)
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TL;DR: This article analyzed the discourse characteristics of Japanese folktales in light of narrative text-typology and concluded that a categoncal distinction between old tale and legend texts can be substantiated in terms of linguistic manipulations observable in respective surface forms.
Abstract: This study analyzes the discourse characteristics of orally presented Japanese folktales in light ofnarrative text-typology. The data consists of transcription of twenty tape recorded folktales from Hiroshima. Although two folktale genres, 'mukashibanashi'fold tale) and 'densetsu '(legend) are widely acknowledged, little study hos beenpursuedfrom the linguistic perspective todeliniate the criteria which separate the two. In this study, first, overall structures of old tale and legend texts are contrasted, adapting Rumelhart's (l 975) model Constrast is also made in terms of discourse constituents discussed in Labov (1972)and Longacre and Levinsohn (1978). Second, texts are contrasted in terms of modality the interpersonal and illocutionary aspects of story-telling. We will examine three linguistic devices that contribute to discourse modality, (1) occurrences of 'free clause,' (2) narrator-audience interaction, and (3) sentence final affixes. After careful examination and statistical analysis of data, it is concluded that a categoncal distinction between old tale and legend texts can be substantiated in terms of linguistic manipulations observable in respective surface forms. One such example is that legend text requires 'Evaluation'and 'Coda'constituents and is accompanied by 'free clauses' more frequently (23.8%) than old tale text