Abstract: Because retroperitoneal and mesenteric tumors may not be found until they become huge, speculating about the site of origin of a tumor is sometimes difficult. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are the primary modalities for evaluating the spread of tumor and the location of the tumo

Abstract: First-trimester sonography is an essential tool in the assessment of the viability of the early pregnancy. Familiarity with prognostic indicators, such as abnormalities of the gestational sac, yolk sac, and embryonic heart rate, allow the sonologist to appropriately caution patients or allay fears i

Abstract: As cross-sectional imaging with CT and MRI expands, the role and limitations of abdominal plain radiography in the evaluation of bowel obstruction must be re-evaluated. This article reviews the plain radiographic findings of the most frequent causes of bowel obstruction and outlines strategies for f

Abstract: Injuries to the bowel and mesentery are found in approximately 5% of patients undergoing laparotomy following blunt trauma. Helical CT is the imaging modality of choice for evaluating patients following blunt abdominal trauma. The sensitivity of CT scanning for detecting traumatic bowel injury range

Abstract: To the radiologist, calcifications are indicators of various pathologic or physiologic processes within the body. The raiographic identification of calcification within the abdomen is frequently a valuable aid in reaching the correct diagnosis. Since the development of CT with its high contrast reso

Abstract: The pericardium is a fibroserous sac formed by two layers that covers the heart. The pericardial space formed between these two layers contains a small amount of fluid (20–50 mL). Pericardial disease can be suspected by changes in the cardiomediastinal silhouette on chest radiographs, but the plain film features are nonspecific. Although echocardiography is the primary diagnostic technique in evaluating pericardial disease, especially pericardial effusion, CT and MRI are superior in several clinical settings; they should be preferred diagnostic tests for suspected pericardial thickening and masses. CT and MRI offer images with an excellent resolution and provide a good evaluation of the pericardial thickness, different types of pericardial effusions, and pericardial neoplasms. MRI affords the additional ability to scan in any plane, without the use of ionizing radiation or the need for contrast media.

Abstract: Disorders related to the thyroid gland are among the most commonly encountered endocrine abnormalities. Disorders of thyroid embryogenesis result in midline or near-midline ectopias, such as lingual thyroid and thyroglossal duct cyst. Thyroid hormone plays a key role in regulating growth, developmen

Abstract: Among the broad spectrum of tumoral bone lesions that affect the sacrum are chondrosarcoma, chondroma, aneurysmal bone cyst, Ewing sarcoma, giant cell tumor, lymphoma, Paget disease, osteosarcoma, plasmacytoma, and neurogenic tumors. The clinical onset may be insidious, and sacral bone tumors may be

Abstract: Many processes may appear similar to osseous and soft tissue neoplasms on imaging studies. Traumatic, infectious, articular, metabolic, vascular, and dysplastic disorders, developmental lesions, and anatomic variants may demonstrate characteristics that can cause them to be misconstrued as tumors. E

Abstract: The appendix is the smallest, nonfunctional segment of gastrointestinal tract. Appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency, but the clinical diagnosis often is not straightforward and can be very challenging. Delayed diagnosis can lead to increased morbidity due to such complications as appen

Abstract: Adult fibromatoses comprise a diverse group of benign fibrous tissue proliferations that have behavioral characteristics between those of benign fibrous lesions and those of fibrosarcoma. Adult fibromatoses are classified according to anatomic location and clinical manifestations into two broad grou

Abstract: Computed tomography (CT) remains the mainstay of imaging in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. This article reviews the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the staging of lung cancer in specific limited instances when the CT findings are equivocal and the multiplanar capabilities and

Abstract: Endometriosis is one of the most common gynecological diseases. Typical imaging findings of endometrial cysts are well known, and MR imaging helps to confirm the diagnosis. However, endometriosis can produce a variety of findings, and presentation in an unusual site or with atypical symptoms can lea

Abstract: The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) has generally attracted less attention than its anterior counterpart. More recently, the PCL has attracted increased scrutiny and attention among orthopedic and sports medicine physicians. There is still considerable debate, however, over some aspects of the man

Abstract: Advancements in both surgical and less invasive techniques have improved our ability to safely screen, diagnose, and treat disease within the abdomen and pelvis. Endoscopy, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, interventional radiology, and laparoscopy have revolutionized the art of diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal tract disorders over the past 30 years. Key advances include direct inspection of bowel lumen, biopsy of suspected disorders, and treatment of abnormalities, including removal of mucosal lesions, dilatation, and stent placement of strictures. Radiologists must be aware of the complications resulting from a variety of gastrointestinal, radiologic, and surgical procedures. This article reviews the imaging findings related to incorrectly placed stents, intestinal and esophageal perforations, misplaced instruments, and fluid collections secondary to interventional procedures.