TL;DR: A strategy of initial CABG surgery is associated with lower mortality than one of medical management with delayed surgery if necessary, especially in high-risk and medium- risk patients with stable coronary heart disease, and in low-risk patients, the limited data show a non-significant trend towards greater mortality with CABGs.

TL;DR: An alpha-linolenic acid-rich Mediterranean diet seems to be more efficient than presently used diets in the secondary prevention of coronary events and death.

TL;DR: In this paper, the risks of breast and ovarian cancer from the occurrence of second cancers in individuals with breast cancer, and examined the risk of other cancers in BRCA1 carriers.

TL;DR: The results provide the first good evidence that specific cytokine blockade can be effective in human inflammatory disease and define a new direction for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

TL;DR: Differences between children destined to develop schizophrenia as adults and the general population were found across a range of developmental domains, and the origins of schizophrenia may be found in early life.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the neurodegenerative processes associated with normal ageing and with Alzheimer's disease are qualitatively different and that Alzheimer's Disease is not accelerated by ageing but is a distinct pathological process.

TL;DR: This paper addresses questions about when primary care physicians act as "gatekeepers" to specialist services, what is the effect on outcomes, and how many general practitioners are needed in a primary-care-oriented system.

TL;DR: Recalculation of population incidences shows that the absolute risk of venous thrombosis in young women who use oral contraceptives is much larger when they carry the factor V Leiden mutation.

TL;DR: NSAIDS should be used cautiously in patients who have other risk factors for UGIB; these include advanced age, smoking, history of peptic ulcer, and use of oral corticosteroids or anticoagulants.

TL;DR: The findings do not support routine prophylactic or therapeutic administration of antiplatelet therapy in pregnancy to all women at increased risk of pre-eclampsia or IUGR, but low-dose aspirin may be justified in women judged to be especially liable to early-onset pre- eClampsia severe enough to need very preterm delivery.

TL;DR: Assessment of previous use of NSAIDs in patients aged 60 and older admitted to hospitals in five large cities with peptic ulcer bleeding found the lowest possible doses should be used; and the least toxic NSAIDs should be selected.

TL;DR: The association of increased QT dispersion with sudden death suggests that patients at high risk of such death could be identified by means of this simple, reproducible test.

TL;DR: In the past ten years several research fields have converged to show that the tiny molecule nitric oxide (NO), a reactive gas, functions both as a signalling molecule in endothelial and nerve cells and as a killer molecule by activated immune cells as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: Screening in a school district in central Italy can detect large numbers of cases of coeliac disease, which can be treated with a gluten-free diet and would not be detected by screening only a selected group of at-risk patients.

TL;DR: A framework to estimate the survival expectancy of untreated patients is provided, thereby allowing improved assessment of the prognostic significance of palliative therapeutic approaches.

TL;DR: Repeat treatment with a chimeric monoclonal antibody to TNF alpha (cA2) in patients having disease flares may be useful therapy in the control of acute disease flares in rheumatoid arthritis and treatment programmes including cA2 may be effective in the long-term management of this disease.

TL;DR: Patients taking legal action wanted greater honesty, an appreciation of the severity of the trauma they had suffered, and assurances that lessons had been learnt from their experiences, and a no-fault compensation system, however well intended, would not address all patients' concerns.

TL;DR: The trial showed that 20 mg simvastatin daily over 4 years reduces hyperlipidaemia and slows progression of diffuse and focal coronary atherosclerosis.

TL;DR: In patients with rheumatoid arthritis significant amounts of generalised skeletal bone were lost early in the disease and the loss was associated with disease activity, suggesting suppression of disease activity stabilised this bone loss.

TL;DR: Encapsulated human islets were injected intraperitoneally in a diabetic patient with a functioning kidney graft and insulin independence with tight glycaemic control was demonstrated 9 months after the procedure, warranting a trial of a high dose of encapsulated islets in early-onset diabetic patients.

TL;DR: There is a discrepancy between perception of food intolerance and the results of the double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges, and women perceived food intolerance more frequently and showed a higher rate of positive results to food challenge.

TL;DR: In a joint prospective study in Germany and the United Kingdom between 1980 and 1993, 1373 women who had varicella and 366 who had herpes zoster during the first 36 weeks of gestation were followed up, providing a sound basis for counselling women withvaricella in pregnancy.

TL;DR: Patients should be informed about the limitations of colonoscopic surveillance so that they can take part rationally in decision-making about their management, and be aware of the risk of progression to dysplasia.

TL;DR: The clinical, microbiological, and therapeutic features of a large series of HIV-infected adults with disseminated P marneffei infection in northern Thailand, which reported the most common presenting symptoms and signs were fever, anaemia, weight loss, and skin lesions.

TL;DR: DNA linkage among subjects from 128 sibships within 18 PKD1 families was used as the basis for an assessment of ultrasound sensitivity, and the presence of at least two renal cysts in individuals at risk and younger than 30 years may be regarded as sufficient to establish a diagnosis.

TL;DR: It is concluded that adults frequently have unrecognised segments of SCE at the gastro-oesophageal junction; this may underlie the rising frequency of cancer of the gastrooesophagal junction in the USA and Europe.

TL;DR: It is suggested that seasonal variation in fibrinogen might be induced by winter respiratory infections via activation of the acute phase response, and could account for 15% and 9% increases in ischaemic heart disease risk in winter respectively.

TL;DR: Improvements in exercise tolerance and quality of life can be achieved and sustained for 6 months in patients undergoing respiratory rehabilitation compared with those receiving conventional care.