TL;DR: WC is a simple, non-invasive and efficient tool for the screening of IR in the general population and will be of considerable interest to establish the relationship of WC with metabolic complications in all ethnic groups in order to generate useful critical values.

TL;DR: By adopting a comprehensive population based approach including policy level interventions directed at promoting lifestyle changes; a healthy diet, increased physical activity, and a smoke free environment, developing countries can effectively control hypertension and improve public health.

TL;DR: The principal challenges faced are the need to limit the access of minors to tobacco, as 37% of adolescent smokers buy cigarettes in the shops and 62% were not denied the purchase, because they were under age.

TL;DR: Promotion of family planning measures to assist women who wish to avoid the higher risk of disease and/or relapse seen with grand multiparity and focused non-invasive cardiac ultrasound screening of higher risk women in the peripartum period.

TL;DR: Non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (nHDLc) (total minus HDL-cholesterol) is a significant predictor of cardiovascular disease in several population studies and can be assessed reliably in patients with triglyceride levels >400mg/dl and inpatients whoarenot fasting.

TL;DR: Exercise may be related to a significantly lower prevalence of smoking among students involved in national and international competitions and smoking cessation programs should encourage sporting activity.

TL;DR: To address the care discrepancy, the global community needs to develop a conducive environment within a comprehensive policy and operational framework to achieve favorable lifestyles, and CVD risk factor reduction for both men and women.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the economic efficiency of a one-year training program for patients with stable angina of effort and dyslipidemia, which led to a decrease in both the number of disability days and emergency calls among participants in groups 1 and 2.

TL;DR: The reversal of increasing CVD mortality rate trends in Poland during the 1990s is reminiscent of a similar reversal in the US 30 years earlier and was accompanied by reduced risk factor exposures in both countries.

TL;DR: Current practice guidelines regarding antiplatelet therapy and cholesterol-lowering treatment for cardiovascular prevention are reviewed, available data of treatment gaps, documented barriers to guideline adherence, and promising interventions for practice improvement are reviewed.

TL;DR: This two-week workshop was organized jointly with College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Osogbo and the University Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine of Lausanne (IUMSP), Switzerland.

TL;DR: By steadily building capacity – year after year – in the World Heart Federation member network, this program has served as a catalyst to the network as a whole by strengthening the sense of cohesiveness of purpose and involvement in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention.

TL;DR: The World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control has been signed by most and ratified by several countries in the region and non-governmental organizations have played a crucial role in supporting Treaty ratification as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the United States is responsible for 40% of all deaths, more than the next five leading causes of death combined, and costs are expected to increase 40–50% by the year 2010.

TL;DR: The elimination of trans fatty acids from hydrogenated fat is desirable for three reasons: they remodel vascular cell membrane fatty acid composition so that the influx of calcium increases; they inhibit prostacyclin synthesis; and they increase the production of proinflammatory cytokines.