Abstract: A simple and sensitive spectroscopic method in ultraviolet region was developed and validated for the estimation of Furazolidone in pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms. The method is based on Furazolidone, showing absorbance at 259 nm for zero order derivative spectroscopy respectively in acetonitrile and distilled water. This method obey's Beers law in the concentration range of 2 to 18 ug/ml respectively. The proposed method is precise, accurate, linear, stable and reproducible and can be extended to the analysis of furazolidone in bulk and tablet formulations.

Abstract: Similarities in structures as well as reaction of 4-Hydroxy carbostyril and 4-Hydroxy coumarin is well known. Keeping in mind the "Reported Facts" that the enhancement of cyclic rings enhances the potency in the latter encouraged us to synthesize the higher analogues of former. In this light of thought we have synthesized several dimerised products of 4-Hydroxy carbostyrill. Structures of products have been confimned on the basis of elemental analysis, spectral studies and chemical reactions.

Abstract: The preparation of some ring A and B epoxy steroids derived from testosterone, pregnenolone and epiandrosterone using m-chloroperbenzoic acid is described. The biotransformation of the epoxy products by the fungus Mucor plumbeus are performed. The introduction of the epoxy group into the steroids moiety has affected the biotransformation results and gave only hydrolyzed products.

Abstract: Two simple, rapid, sensitive and accurate UV- spectrophotometry (method I) and First order derivative (method II) have been developed for estimation of rabeprazole sodium in bulk and tablets. In (10% v/v) acetonitrile, the λmax of rabeprazole sodium was found to be 284 nm. The same spectrum was derivatised into first order derivative at Δλ = 2 and amplitude of the trough was recorded at 298 nm. In both the proposed methods, linearity was observed in the concentration range 4-28 µg/ml. The assay results were found to be in good agreement with label claim. The methods were validated statistically and by recovery studies.

Abstract: Food properties (water, oil, oil emulsion and foaming capacities: WAC, OAC, OEC, FC; foaming and oil emulsion stabilities: FS, OES; least gelation concentration: LGC; protein solubility: PS) of common West African Fresh water crab (Sudananautes africanus africanus) were determined. Samples used were the soft flesh, exoskeleton and whole crab. In the flesh, levels of WAC, FC, OAC, OEC were better in female than in male; this type of consistency was not observed in exoskeleton and whole crab. In both sexes, LGC values were lower in the whole crab and exoskeleton than the flesh. Both FS and OES were low in all the samples. The rate of change of FS was lowest in female whole crab (0.54 min – 1) but highest in male exoskeleton (3.89 min – 1). OES was low in all samples and collapsed within four minutes. PS was female flesh > female exoskeleton > female whole crab > male flesh > male whole crab > male exoskeleton with 66.7% of samples showing two isoelectric points (pI).

Abstract: A new, simple and reliable extractive-spectrophotometric method for the preconcentration and determination of diclofenac (DCF) was developed. In a strong nitric acid medium, diclofenac produced a yellowish compound in a water / tetrahydrofuran / perfluorooctanoic acid homogeneous phase that could be extracted into a sedimented microdroplet. The concentration of the extracted colored compound in the microdroplet was determined by measuring its absorbance at 376 nm. The effective experimental parameters for spectrophotometric determination of diclofenac in water and methanol were optimized, so that DCF could be sensitively determined in an aqueous or organic medium. The maximum absorbance was achieved in 1.5 and 7.0 M aqueous and methanolic solutions of nitric acid. The absorbance of DCF solutions in water and methanol obeyed Beer’s law, over the range of 1.0 - 30.0 µg cm-3 and 0.5 - 40.0 µg cm-3, with molar absorptivities of 7.4×10 3 and 1.3×10 4 dm 3 mol -1 cm -1 respectively. Additionally, different experimental parameters for homogeneous liquid-liquid extractions of diclofenac were investigated. The limit of detection (LOD) achieved with the proposed method was 0.03 ng cm-3. The maximum concentration factor obtained was 6667-fold. The reproducibility of 10 replicate measurements was found to be 2.3%. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied to the extraction and determination of diclofenac in pharmaceutical preparations and urine samples.

Abstract: Simple spectrophotometric methods have been developed for simultaneous estimation of Ramipril (RAM) and Valsartan (VAL) in two component tablet formulation. The methods employed are Absorbance corrected for interference method and First order derivative spectroscopy method. For absorbance corrected for interference method the working wavelengths selected are 218 nm for RAM and 250 nm for VAL. Similarly for derivative spectroscopy method the working wavelength selected are 218 nm for RAM and 236 nm for VAL in 1:9 mixture of methanol and 0.1N HCl. For both the methods linearity was observed in the concentration range of 10-40 mg/ml for RAM and VAL. The recovery studies confirmed the accuracy of proposed method and the methods were validated as per ICH guidelines.

Abstract: Membrane-active agents may increase cell permeability to drugs, counteracting thereby drug resistance.

Abstract: The interaction of Tb(III) ions with DTPA alanine and phenylalanine have been followed potentiometrically. The stability constants of the formed complexes were determined at three different ionic strengths.

Abstract: Complexes of Nickel(II) with 2-amino-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide (ANC), 2-amino-N- phenyl-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide (APNC), 2-amino-N-(p-methyl phenyl)-1,8-naphthyridine-3- carboxamide(AMPNC), 2-amino-N-(p-bromo phenyl)1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide(ABPNC), 2- amino-N-(p-chloro phenyl)-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide (ACPNC), 2-amino-N-(p-methoxy phenyl)- 1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide (AMYPNC), 2-methyl-N-O-carboxyphenyl-1,8-naphthyridine-3- carboxamide (MCNC) and 2-phenyl-N-O-carboxyphenyl-1,8-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide (PCNC) have been synthesized. These complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, thermal studies, magnetic susceptibility, IR and electronic spectra. Based on th above studies, the ligands coordinated to the metal ion in a bidentate fashion through the amide nitrogen and oxygen. The remaining coordination centers are satisfied by acetates and H2O molecules. Electronic spectra and magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal octahedra geometry around the metal ion. The complexes were found to non-electrolytic in nature on the basis of low value of molar conductance.

Abstract: The conventional acid catalysts, although quite effective, are also highly corrosive, hazardous and polluting. Therefore, they need to be replaced by solid acids which are less toxic, easy to handle, easily separable from the products and finally reusable. Various solid acid catalysts like zeolites¹, sulphated zirconia², clay minerals³ are being explored for industrially important reactions. Industrial interest first turned to inorganic zeolites whose catalytic activity usually depends on the presence of a metal such as manganese, iron, chromium and vanadium. Catalytic synthesis can be achieved by using either homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts.