Showing papers in "Olba in 2016"
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, sealed unguentaria samples from the Andriake Synagogue were analyzed and the form and typological development of cosmetic, medical, and liturgical vessels in the city in general were analyzed.
Abstract: In this study, unguentarium, lykion, bottle and mortar examples, most of which were obtained from the Andriake Synagogue and eleven different types of sealed or not sealed unguentaria belonging to the Late Antique Period, obtained from the city in general are evaluated; furthermore form and typological development of cosmetic, medical and liturgical vessels in Andriake are analyzed as a whole. Analyzed ceramics are dated from the Hellenistic Period to the Early Byzantine Period. Apart from this, analysis of sealed samples is quite important in the sense of diversifing the typology of unguentaria in the region belonging to the Late Antique Period. On the basis of sealed unguentaria samples obtained from Andriake, it is observed according to recent studies that local production was undertaken throughout Lycian cities. In Myra, the capital city of Andriake, religion based oil culture of St. Nicholas belonging to the Late Antique Period and sealed unguentaria production dealing with this, is well known. Another local production of the Lycian Region are the unguentaria samples named as “Esen Type”. Two samples in this type obtained from Andriake represented the existence of local production on the coasts of Lycain cities apart from the Esen Valley. In this way, the distribution area of the “Esen type” samples are expanded. Another material group obtained from the Synagogue in Andriake are the medical vessels produced in Patara and named as lykion. Samples in Andriake have similar form, clay and slip characteristics with the Patara ones which shows the trade relations between Patara and Andriake in the Hellenistic Period. A miniature mortar was also obtained from the Andriake Synagogue. In this sample, it is suggested that materials such as medicine, paint etc. were crushed. This miniature mortar is still the only sample for the city and region. A unique bottle was obtained from the harbour structure of Andriake. On this container, there is wicker coughing motif in slip painting technique. This undercoating painting technique on ceramics in the region is dated to the Early Byzantine Period. In this article, aromatic, medical and liturgical vessels in the seaport of Andriake which has a broad commerce network are evaluated; furthermore samples which could be local productions of the Lycian region and the ceramic commerce between Andriake and the Lycian cities are analyzed.
2 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors make an overall inference concerning the settlement pattern and cultural process of the settlements in this extensive region, which extends from the Lake District to the Coastal Aegean.
Abstract: The Upper Meander Basin qualifies as a region where one can follow the characteristics of the material cultures of two important cultural regions in the Neolithic and Early Chalcolithic periods and the changes they underwent. The settlement of Selcen-Orenarasi is strategically located at the pass connecting the plains to the mountains. Its location enables us to make an overall inference concerning the settlement pattern and cultural process of the settlements in this extensive region, which extends from the Lake District to the Coastal Aegean. The archaeological data shows that before the 6th millennium BC the settlements in the basin shared a cultural structure which was common in many aspects. The analogies which can particularly be followed via the monochrome pottery verify this relationship among the Lake District, the Upper Meander Basin in Central Southwestern Anatolia, and the Coastal Aegean. It is also clear that the cultural borders were reshaped and the above-mentioned common cultural structure underwent a change after the 6th millennium BC. Because of this process, the Upper Meander Basin culturally joined the Lake District, as indicated by the painted pottery. On the other hand, the tradition of monochrome pottery continued uninterruptedly in the Coastal Aegean settlements located in and around Izmir. There is no doubt that the mutual relations within the regions concerned did not completely end. However, after the 6th millennium BC, the Upper Meander Basin displayed a culture which was identical with that of the Lake District but differed from the Coastal Aegean. These changes and transformation can be followed via the settlement of Selcen-Orenarasi in the Upper Meander Basin. The systematic surveys in the region document that both the plains and the plateau leaning against the mountainous region were preferred as settlement areas in the basin throughout the Neolithic Period. The same surveys also shows that this settlement order changed at the beginning of the 6th millennium BC when settlements shifted towards the plain. In this paper, it is put forward that this change in the Upper Meander Basin not only reflected a transformation within the region but also affected the Coastal Aegean and even the regions located to the west of the Aegean Sea in terms of its consequences. Likewise, the new settlements which appeared concurrently in these last two regions seem to have been related to the changes in the Upper Meander Basin. It is likely that some of the settlements represented by the monochrome pottery tradition in the Upper Meander Basin in Inland Southwestern Anatolia withdrew towards the plain and integrated with the Lake District, whereas some communities from these same settlements must have dispersed and moved westwards.
1 citations