Abstract: Fatty acids(FAs)and other lipid molecules are important for many cellular function,including vesicle exocytosis.This article is to explain three related pathways,which is also called as "trident model" of β-cell lipid signaling.At first the two arms of the model can affect intracellular metabolism of FAs,whereas the third is related to activation of membrane free fatty acid receptor(FFAR).The first arm involves the AMP-activated protein kinase/malonyl-CoA/long-chain acyl-CoA(LC-CoA)signaling network,which can increase cytosolic malonyl-CoA and inhibit FA oxidation,and then is helpful to increase signalization of LC-CoA.The second involves in glucose-responsive triglyceride(TG)/free fatty acid(FFA)cycling.The third arm involves in FFA stimulation of the G-protein-coupld receptor GPR40/FFAR1,which results in enhancement of glucose-stimulated accumulation of cytosolic Ca 2+ and consequently insulin secretion.

Abstract: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST) is a kind of tumor which originated from gastrointestinal submucosa,of which the molecular biological mechanism is the mutation of proto-oncogene c-kit.Its clinical characteristics is that it can occur in the whole gastrointestinal tract,especily in stomach as well as lack of specific clinical manifestation.Imaging examination has high value in judging morphology questions including its biological behavior,structural feature and so on.Its immunohistochemistry almost shows positive CD34、CD117.Its diagnosis depends on combined application of clinical manifestation,imaging changes,pathological morphology and immunohistochemistry.Surgery is the main therapeutic method although there are great breakthrough in its molecular targeted therapy.

Abstract: Wound healing is a complex procedure related to many cytokinesUsing products from genetic engineering to promote wound healing based on the sufficient recognition of these cytokines about its effect in wound healing show a luring future

Abstract: Scavenger receptor class B type I(SR-BⅠ)is a kind of high density lipoprotein(HDL) receptor,which is mainly distributed in liver and another tissues producingsteroid hormone.It can bind high density lipoprotein with high affinity,which also can play an important role in the metabolism of cholesterin and cholesterl ester by binding with natural low density lipoprotein,acetylated low density lipoprotein,oxidized low density lipoprotein,phosphatidylserine,anionic phospholipids and so on.Besides that,it can also affect many physiological and the pathophysiological function by affecting distribution of cholesterin as well as changing the membrane structure.

Abstract: With the contrast media being used widely in clinic,the nephrotoxicity of contrast media are being paid more and more attentionThis article revews the Contrast medium associated nephropathy in its diagnosis standard,pathogenesis,clinical manifestation,dangerous factor,prevention and treatment

Abstract: Metabolic syndrome is a pathological condition of abnormal accumulation of diverse metabolic ingredients,about which the standard is not yet unified in international.Most of abnomal metabolic ingredients has close relation with type 2 diabetes,coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis.The majority of sufferers has insulin resistance,of which the occurrence is related to supernutrition,lack of physical work,drinking,smoking,hereditary factor and racial differrence.Therapeutic and preventive point is based on ingredient and extent of abnormal metabolism.Abnormality in metabolic ingredient including blood fat,blood pressure and blood sugar should should have long term therapy by promoting life style,dismissing abdomenal fat,promoting insulin-resistance and using active drug.

Abstract: Elder is liable to falls,among which about 30% ～40% elder above 65 years old have falls in community resident every year.Complication related to falls have greatly affected quality of life of these elders.The past meta-analysis of 5 randomized controlled trials suggested that vitamin D willl decre ase occurrence rate of falls about 22%,while recent researches showed diffe rent conclusion.This article reviews possible mechanism of Vitamin D in reduc ing falls,especially analyze the relationship between Vitamin D and myodynamia as well as balance ability.This article also reviews clinical trial abo ut Vitamin D and falls in order to identify the significance of VitaminD in prev enting falls.

Abstract: Berberine,has been common used as an antibiotics in clinic.But recent years,many study has showed berberine can not only promote heart function of patients with heart failure obviously by increasing myocardial contractility and so on,but also has its specific advantages in treating cardiovascular diseases by anti-arrhythmia,depressurization and lipid modulation.

Abstract: Recent years,the morbidity and mortality of myocardial infarction are rapidly increasing.For such increasing population,secondary prevention is quite urgent.Lately,four categories of drugs have been generally accepted as secondary prevention of myocardial infarction:anti-platelet agents,Statins,Beta-blockers and Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.This article mainly overviewed the latest advancement of such four categories of drugs,and discussed the applicable prospect of Traditional Chinese Medicine in secondary prevention of myocardial infarction.

Abstract: Heme Oxygenase-1/Carbon Monoxide system(HO-1/CO) is induced by various stimuli and stresses,which exerts cytoprotection through antioxidation,antiinflammatory and antiapoptosis.Upregulation of HO-1 through gene therapy and pharmacological induction as well as exogenous carbon monoxide may provide new way for future disease therapy.This article summarize HO-1/CO about its production,regulation and its expression and effect in acute lung injury.

Abstract: Drug-resistance of pathogenic bacteria resulting from antibiotics abusage in recent several decades has done great threaten to human health.Aggravation of bacterial drug resistance makes people face a draconic reality,that is post-antibiotics era.With the increasing of drug resistance bacteria,antibiotics have not achieved ideal therapeutic efficacy,phagotherapy is attracting more attention from people as a new therapeutic method.Studies showed that phagotherapy has many advantages that many antibiotics can not achieved.If we can deal with it using a feasible method,it will really play great antibacterial action in therapy.

Abstract: TSG-6(tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6,TSG-6) is a protective inflammatory reaction gene,which has high expression in many kinds of inflammatory diseases or processes similar to inflammatory,can mediate migration and adhesion of inflammatory cells by binding with hyaluronic acid and inter-α-proteinase inhibitor,take part in remodeling of extracellular matrix and regulate proteinase network.TSG-6 has effects of limiting inflammatory as well as protecting cartilage in kinds of arthritis.Besides that,TSG-6 also participates normal ovulation and maybe related to genesis of fatty.

Abstract: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV)is one of the important causes of viral encephalitis worldwide,of which the disease rate is about 50000 patients per year,and about 15000 patients died.Its prevalence and sporadic cases often happened in Asia-Pacific area.This article reviews the epidemiology of this disease.

Abstract: The new vascular provides oxygen and nutrients for the tumors and plays an important role in its growth and metastasis.The formation of vascular in tumors is the result of interactions of many cytokines,among which vascular epithelial growth factor is the one studted most.Vascular epithelial growth factor binding with its receptor leads to cell proliferation and new vascular formation by tyrosine kinase pathway.The inhibition of this pathway may result in the shrinkage of tumor.At present,anti-VEGFR therapy is becoming the hot spot of its targeted therapy.

Abstract: Total saponins of panax notoginseseng is the main component of panax notoginsesengIts pharmacological actions lie in expanding blood vessel,reducing oxygen consumption of cardiac muscle,inhibiting blood platelet agglutination,elongating coagulation time,reducing blood lipid,removing free radicals,anti-inflammation and anti-oxygenationAt present,it is mainly used in the disease therapy of cardio-cerebral vascular system and central nervous systemRecently,with its further study,many more pharmacological actions and clinical uses are demonstrated

Abstract: Gastric cancer is one of the most common tumors,of which the morbidity and mortality are in the first place in malignant neoplasms.With the research of its mechanism and the development of molecular biology techniques,gene therapy of gastric cancer has made great progress and is expected to become new avenues.This article reviews the research progress in this respect.

Abstract: Recent researches indicate that apoptosis plays an important role in myocardial ischemial-reperfusion injury.There is intimate relationship between apoptosis and myocardial ischemial-reperfusion injury.Fas/FasL and mitochondrium pathways are the two main apoptotic pathways,among which activation of Caspase-3 is the key link in signal transduction pathways.Study aiming at regulation as well as prevention and cure of cell apoptosis is the hot spot in topics of myocardial protection because cell apoptosis is one of important mechanism in MIRI.This article reviews cell apoptosis about its relationship with MIRI,apoptotic pathway,regulatory factors as well as prevention and cure.

Abstract: According to international diabetic federation criteria,patients with MS should be diagnosed by some information below,in which central obesity is the first necessary condition,males have waist circumference above 94cm,females have that above 80cm,any two of these four factors is also needed,which includes elevated serum triglycerides.;decreased serum HDL-C.elevated blood pressure and elevated fasting blood glucose.Just these abnormal metabolic factors can cause the dysfunction of vascular endothelial cell,and then lead to increased incidence of series of cardiovascular disease.So,once MS was diagnosed,active therapeutic measures should be taken personally,which includes healthy life style and active medical intervention such as biguanides,PPARγand PPARα activator as well as CBI can be used to improve insulin resistance,ACEI,ARB,CCB and BBB can be used to control hypertension.Moreover,statins,clofibrate and nicotinic acid can be used to modulate lipid.All of them above can decrease the the incidence of cardiovascular disease.

Abstract: Oxymatrine is an extractive from kushen (a kind of traditional drug),which has the effects of anti-inflammatory,anti-allergy,anti-virus,anti-tumor and so on.All kinds of preparations of ammothamnine with effects of antiinflammatory and antiallergy have been widely developed and applied into clinic.This article reviews ammothamnine about its study situation of antiinflammatory effect and its idea and prospect in treating periodontal disease.

Abstract: Cervical spondylosis refers to all kinds of symptoms and signs caused by stimulated or pressed tissue around resulting from the retrograde degeneration of cervical discs and its econdary changes of intervertebral structure nearby.Traction of cervical vertebra is still considered as one of the main therapies of this disease.This article reviews the mechanism and application principle of traction of cervical vertebra according to its feature in anatomy and kinematics based on the related data and documents.

Abstract: Decreasion of mitochondrial transmembrane potential is a inreversible cases of early apoptosis.Decreasion in electric potential difference of exterior and interior mitochondria membrane can result in a series of biochemisry changes between exterior and interior mitochondria membrane,such as induction of cytochrome releasing,activity of caspase family,uncouple of respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation,cessation of ATP synthesis,alteration of mitochondria membrane permeability,releasing of apoptosis-inducing factor(AIF),and so on,which also results in apoptic cascade reaction and further results in cell apoptosis.This article reviews mitochondrial transmembrane potential about its formation,changes during cell apoptosis as well as its mechanism.

Abstract: Intestinal permeability refers to the feature that some molecular material can easily go through intestinal epithelium in simple diffusion,which is an important index reflecting intestinal barrier function.This article mainly discusses study progress of ntestinal permeability in its detecting method and therapy in order to provide reference for medical research.

Abstract: The annexins are a family of Ca~(2+)/lipid-binding proteins,which exist widely under the cytomembrane,near the organnelle storing Ca~(2+) as well as in the cell nucleus or extracellular matrixIt has centralis of COOH-terminal with high conservation and specific NH2-terminal,which takes part in many vital process including Membrane forming,membrane transport,cell signaling,differentiation and apoptosisRecent study data showed that annexins is related closely to cancer of its genesis,development,diagnosis and therapyThis article reviews annexins of their common characters and its relationship with tumor

Abstract: OCT is a new tomographic technique developed from 1990,which has been used in clinical ophthalmology after several improvement.The working principle of OCT is similar to that of ultrasound.but it use lightwave to take the place of sound wave.OCT makes use of low cohere light to scan the transverse section of biological tissue and invert the captured information to number,which was then showed by figure or number after computerized processing.These data can provide quantitative diagnostic index.

Abstract: Since diphtheria has been epidemic several times in China,Zheng founded"Yangyinqingfei Decoction" and established "Yangyinqingfei" Therapeytic principle for it.Yangyinqingfei Decoction,having saved countless lifes,makes great contribution to the healthy of the whole nation.which has been widely used in diseases treatment in clinic and then provide valuable experience.This article reviews its clinical application and experimental study in order to instruct clinical therapy better and provide more theoretical basis.

Abstract: Many pro-apoptotic signals converge at mitochondria and most,if not all,of these stimuli trigger a change of the mitochondrial membrane permeability resulting in the release of several mitochondrial proteins into the cytoplasm,which constitutes the key event of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis,this process seems to be regulated by Bcl-2proteins.Thus,mitochondria might be described as organelles that serve as gatekeepers to trap a variety of pro-apoptotic proteins and prevent the function of these proteins in the cytosol.

Abstract: Recent esearches showed that that there are many cytokines and inflammatory factors in degenerated and herniated disc,which has important regulatory effect in its complex pathology.Animal experiment showed that IL-6 and IL-10 has high expression and activity in the tissue of intervertebral disk hernia,which has a closely related to other cytokines else and may play an important role in nucleus pulposus cataplasia.

Abstract: Syncope is a common emergency in children,among which vasovagal syncope is the most common type occupying 80% of all children with this disease.Its manifestation are Hypotension and temporal unconsciousness,which will result in accident.The diagnosis of this disease is not difficult,of which patient history is the important reference,and head-up-tilt-test plays a decisive effect in the diagnosis.Its therapy incudes drug therapy and non-drug therapy.This article reviews diagnostic and therapeutic therapy of vasovagal syncope in children.