Showing papers in "Litera in 2005"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe two things, namely (1) the manifestations of alienation and characterization elements employed to describe human alienation in Pol, a novel by Putu Wijaya.
Abstract: This research objective is to describe two things, namely (1) the manifestations of alienation and (2) characterization elements employed to describe human alienation in Pol, a novel by Putu Wijaya. These two things are related to the worldview adopted by Putu Wijaya as a writer in response to the sociohistorical condition in society. The source of the data in this study was Putu Wijaya’s Pol (the first impression, 1987). The data were collected through reading and recording. The data analysis covered two aspects, namely (1) the structural aspect, and (2) the genetic aspect of the literary work, the writer’s worldview. The validity was assessed through semantic validity and the reliability was assessed by reading and rereading (intrarater reliability). On the basis of the research findings and analysis, some inferences can be made. First, alienation in Pol on the basis of its manifestations can be classified into three categories, namely (a) loneliness, (b) spiritual emptiness, and (c) disappointment. Second, characters’ alienation symptoms are expressed through characterization elements, comprising (a) the writer’ s description of characters, (b) characters’ thoughts, (c) characters’ actions, and (d) minor characters’ reactions to the main character. A literary work as a life model or an alternative world is always related to the real life. In the novel, Putu Wijaya posits himself as a photographer of the society’s life.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe morphological forms of verbs with complements in Indonesian and their syntactic and semantic characteristics, which can be classified into punctual verbs, dynamic verbs, and static verbs.
Abstract: This research study attempts to describe morphological forms of verbs with complements in Indonesian and their syntactic and semantic characteristics. The method employed in this study was the descriptive one, which was synchronically applied. The data sources were Indonesian textbooks for elementary schools, junior high schools, and senior high schools, besides newspapers such as Kompas, Republika and Pikiran Rakyat. Morphologically, verbs with complements can be free verb bases, derived verbs, and reduplicated verbs. On the basis of their syntactic characteristics, the verbs can be those with noun complements (noun phrases), verbals (verbal phrases), adjectives (adjectival phrases), adverbials (adverbial phrases), and numbers (numeral phrases). On the basis of their semantic characteristics, the verbs can be classified into punctual verbs, dynamic verbs, and static verbs. Keywords: argument, complement, constituent
2 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors aimed at improving the process of learning Indonesian vocabulary, especially the vocabulary, by means of the feature analysis strategy as an appropriate strategy to make students active and interactive in the learning process so that their vocabulary mastery and, in turn, their communicative competence can improve.
Abstract: This study is aimed at improving the process of learning Indonesian, especially the vocabulary, by means of the feature analysis strategy as an appropriate strategy to make students active and interactive in the learning process so that their vocabulary mastery and, in turn, their communicative competence can improve. The subjects of the study were the second year students of Marketing Study Program, Vocational High School Abdi Negara Muntilan, Magelang. The steps in the study included problem identification, research design making, action, observation, and reflection. All were carried out in three cycles, each of which consisted of three actions. The research data were both quantitative and qualitative. All participants were involved in the data analysis to meet the criteria of data suitability comprising the democratic, process, and dialogic validity. The research findings show that the feature analysis strategy in the vocabulary learning can improve (1) students’ activity, 2) their interaction, and 3) their vocabulary mastery. The various activities and the optimum interaction among students prove that their communicative competence is better. Key words: feature analysis strategy, vocabulary, activities, interaction
2 citations
TL;DR: The subject, predicate and object ellipsis can be found in compound sentences and the subject ellipsoidal element is cataphoric or anaphoric in complex sentences.
Abstract: This research study aims to describe the rules of ellipsis in compound and complex sentences. The sources of the data were two newspapers, Kompas and Kedaulatan Rakyat, the edition of March 2002. The data were collected by using observation and recording techniques. They were then analyzed by the substitution method. On the basis of this method, the omission and substitution techniques were employed. Based on the analysis of the findings, the subject, predicate and object ellipsis can be found in compound sentences and the subject ellipsis in complex sentences. The rules of ellipsis in compound sentences are that (1) the omission can be done if the omitted element is the same; (2) the omission of the subject and predicate is always made in the clause after the coordinative conjunction and the omission of the object is made in the clause before the coordinative conjunction; (3) the referential characteristic of the omitted element is always anaphoric. The rules of ellipsis in complex sentences are that (1) the omitted element must be the same; (2) the omitted element is in the clause preceded by a subordinative conjunction or the dependent clause; (3) the referential characteristic of the omitted element is cataphoric or anaphoric.