Litera 

Abstract: Studi Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas sistem pendidikan dalam perspektif internasional dengan berfokus pada hasil asesmen Sains, Matematika, dan Literasi Membaca. Penelitian ini bertujuan menelaah karakteristik soal membaca PISA pada empat kali pelaksanaan, yaitu soal membaca sebagai bahan uji mayor 2000-2009 dan sebagai bahan uji minor 2003-2006. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik analisis isi. Data yang digunakan adalah hasil PISA tahun 2000-2009. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa soal literasi membaca PISA didominasi keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi berupa kemampuan interpretasi, refleksi, dan evaluasi. Kemampuan membaca yang diujikan adalah mengungkapkan kembali informasi , mengembangkan interpretasi dan mengintegrasikan , dan merefleksikan dan mengevaluasi teks. Soal cenderung menggunakan wacana panjang (135-630 kata) dan kalimat pertanyaan cenderung kompleks. Ragam tes yang digunakan meliputi pilihan ganda, pilihan ganda kompleks, jawaban singkat, esai tertutup, dan esai terbuka. Karakteristik konteks diklasifikasikan empat kategori, yaitu pendidikan, pekerjaan, personal, dan masyarakat. Isi kutipan bertema keselamatan keamanan diri, bermasyarakat, cara menyelesaikan pendidikan dan IPTEK, cerita personal berisi nilai moral untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup. Kata kunci: literasi, kemampuan membaca, sistem pendidikan, karakteristik soal THE CHARACTERISTICS OF LITERACY TEST ITEMS IN PISA Abstract A study of the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the education system in an international perspective by focusing on the results of the science, mathematics, and literacy assessments. This study aimed to examine the characteristics of PISA reading test items from four administrations, namely reading as a major test in 2000-2009 and as a minor test in 2003-2006. This was a qualitative study using content analysis. The data were the results of PISA in 2000-2009. The results of the analysis showed that the PISA literacy test items were dominated by those measuring high-order thinking skills in the form of the ability in interpretation, reflection, and evaluation. The reading ability tested was revealing information, developing and integrating interpretation, and reflecting and evaluating texts. The test items tended to be based on long discourses (135-630 words) and the questions tended to be complex. In terms of variety, the item tests included multiple choice, complex multiple choice, short answer, closed essay, and open essay items. The characteristics of the contexts were classified into four categories, namely education, employment, personal matters, and community. The contents of the citations comprised self-safety, community, ways of completing education, and science and technology. Personal stories contained moral values to improve the quality of life. Keywords: literacy, reading ability, educational system, characteristics of test items

Abstract: Tujuan penelitian awal ini untuk mengumpulkan informasi tentang gaya belajar dan kesukaan siswa SD yang berguna untuk mengembangkan buku literasi membacasebagai bentuk pemantapan nilai sosial budaya di SD agar berdaya guna untuk Gerakan Literasi Sekolah Hal ini dilandasi oleh masih ditemukan kasus siswa SD yang melakukan kekerasan terhadap teman sendiri Model pengembangan literasi membaca untuk siswa SD yang digunakan adalah model Plomp dengan langkah: preliminary research, prototyping, dan assessment Temuan penelitian dalam analisis awal yaitu siswa cenderung kurang termotivasi untuk membaca disebabkan bahan bacaan yang kurang menarik Analisis kebutuhan menunjukkan bahwa siswa SD sangat menyukai cerita rakyat Cerita rakyat yang perlu dikembangkan yaitu cerita rakyat nusantara yang tersebar di seluruh Indonesia dalam setiap provinsi Diharapkan praktisi pendidikan menggunakan buku yang berisi tentang cerita rakyat dalam proses pembelajaran dan menjalankan Gerakan Literasi Sekolah Hasil validasi bahan ajar menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar literasi membaca dengan menggunakan cerita rakyat sudah valid dan dapat diujicobakan Kata kunci: literasi membaca, cerita rakyat,sekolah dasar READING LITERACY TO STRENGTHEN SOCIAL VALUES AMONG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS Abstract This preliminary study aims to collect information about elementary school students’ learning styles and preferences that are useful for developing reading literacy books to strengthenthe socio-cultural values in elementary schools in order to be effective for the School Literacy Movement This is as based on the fact that there are cases of elementary school students committing violence against their own friends The development model of reading literacy for elementary school students was Plomp’s model with the steps of preliminary research, prototyping, and assessment The research findings in the preliminary analysis show that students tend to have less motivation to read due to reading materials which are not interesting enough The needs analysis results show that elementary school students really like folklore The folklore to be developed comprises traditional Indonesian folklore spreading throughout the country in every province It is expected that educational practitioners use a book about folklore in the learning process and the School Literacy Movement The results of the teaching materials validation show that reading literacy learning materials using folklore are valid and can be tried out Keywords: reading literacy, folklore, elementary school

Abstract: This study aims to: (1) describe the literacy components based on the PIRLS version, (2) identify the constructs of reading literacy competence for Grade IV of the elementary school, and (3) make a draft of the constructs of literacy competence for Grade IV of the elementary school in the Indonesian version. The data were collected through literature review, interviews, and focus group discussion. They were analyzed by the qualitative descriptive technique. The results are as follows. First, the literacy components based on the PIRLS version comprise: the reading literacy concept, assessment framework, benchmark, literary text components, and assessment system determination. Second, the reading literacy competence is constructed as the competence to read and comprehend literary and informative texts, based on four cognitive levels, from a variety of text types in line with the social context around the students and the national context. Third, the constructs of literacy competence in the Indonesian version consist of: 2-5 difficult words, a text length of 200 words, the composition of low to high cognitive levels of 30-30-3010, text themes suitable to Indonesian condition and culture, clear text illustrations, and tables/graphs presented in gradation. The results are important as literacy information for the basis for developing educational policies in Indonesia.

Abstract: Abstrak Penelitian bertujuan mendeskripsikan pilihan politis-ideologis yang ditampilkan melalui hubungan manusia dan lingkungan dalam cerpen Indonesia kontemporer. Tujuannya adalah untuk menakar apakah sastra Indonesia masa kini telah memperlihatkan keberpihakan yang serius dalam upaya menghadang kehancuran bumi karena ulah manusia. Sumber data penelitian adalah cerpen di surat kabar Kompas 2010 – 2015, yang bertemakan lingkungan hidup. Melalui metode pembacaan kritis dan teori Ekokritik ditemukan hal-hal sebagai berikut. Pertama, sejumlah cerpen mengambil lingkungan hidup hanya sebagai latar tempat dan waktu. Kedua, cerpen-cerpen dengan tema pencemaran air telah menyuarakan ikrar politis memerangi perusakan lingkungan. Ketiga, sastra hijau, yakni sastra berperspektif Ekokritik, belum menjadi arus utama dalam sastra Indonesia kontemporer. Kata kunci: sastra hijau, Ekokritik, cerpen Indonesia kontemporer