TL;DR: A mutual re-inscribing of Jung into congruent areas of contemporary psychology, anthropology, sociology, and vice versa, can help to further validate Jung's key observations and is fully consistent with Jung's own early efforts at synthesis within the human sciences.
Abstract: A needed rapprochement between Jung and the contemporary human sciences may rest less on the much debated relevance of a biologistic collective unconscious than on a re-inscribing of an archetypal imagination, as the phenomenological and empirical core of Jungian psychology. The most promising approaches in this regard in terms of theory and research in psychology come from combining the cognitive psychology of metaphor and synaesthesia, individual differences in imaginative absorption and openness to numinous experience and spirituality as a form of symbolic intelligence. On the socio-cultural side, this cognitive psychology of archetypal imagination is also congruent with Levi-Strauss on the metaphoric roots of mythological thinking, and Durkheim on a sociology of collective consciousness. This conjoined perspective, while validating the cross cultural commonality of physical metaphor intuited by Jung and Hillman on alchemy, also shows Jung's Red Book, considered as the expressive source for his more formal psychology, to be far closer in spirit to a socio-cultural collective consciousness, based on metaphoric imagination, than to a phylogenetic or evolutionary unconscious. A mutual re-inscribing of Jung into congruent areas of contemporary psychology, anthropology, sociology, and vice versa, can help to further validate Jung's key observations and is fully consistent with Jung's own early efforts at synthesis within the human sciences.
TL;DR: A critical re-examination of Jung's relationship to hermeneutic thought is undertaken, based on his explicit references toHermeneutics in the Collected Works and his theoretical development of the notion of archetypes.
Abstract: Hermeneutics has been central to the practice of Jung's psychology from the beginning, although he never fully and consistently developed a hermeneutic method of inquiry and the literature addressing this aspect of his psychology is not extensive. In this paper1 we undertake a critical re-examination of Jung's relationship to hermeneutic thought, based on his explicit references to hermeneutics in the Collected Works and his theoretical development of the notion of archetypes. Although Jung did not consistently formulate a hermeneutic approach to inquiry, his theoretical development of archetypes is rich in hermeneutic implications. In particular, his notion of the archetype as such can be understood hermeneutically as a form of non-conceptual background understanding. Some implications of this construal of archetypes for Jungian hermeneutics as a form of inquiry are considered.
Translations of Abstract
Pour Jung, l’hermeneutique a ete centrale des le debut de sa pratique de la psychologie, bien qu’il n’ait jamais pleinement et regulierement developpe une methode hermeneutique de recherche, et la litterature concernant cet aspect de sa psychologie n’est pas extensive. Dans cet article, nous entreprenons un reexamen critique de la relation de Jung a la pensee hermeneutique, base sur ses references explicites a l’hermeneutique dans les Collected Works ainsi que sur son developpement theorique de la notion d’archetypes. Bien que Jung n’ait pas formule clairement une approche hermeneutique de recherche, son developpement de la theorie des archetypes est riche d’implications hermeneutiques. En particulier, sa notion de l’archetype en tant que tel peut etre compris sur le plan hermeneutique comme une sorte de fondement presuppose non conceptuel. Certaines implications de cette analyse des archetypes dans l’hermeneutique jungienne comme forme de recherche sont evaluees.
Von Anfang an bildete die Hermeneutik ein zentrales Element fur die Praxis von Jungs Psychologie, obgleich er nie in vollem Umfang und konsistent eine hermeneutische Untersuchungsmethode entwickelte. Folglich ist auch die Literatur, die sich mit diesem Aspekt seiner Psychologie befast, nicht eben umfanglich. In diesem Beitrag unternehmen wir eine kritische Neubewertung von Jungs Beziehung zum hermeneutischen Denken. Dabei beziehen wir uns auf seine expliziten Verweise auf die Hermeneutik in den Gesammelten Werken und bei der theoretischen Entwicklung des Begriffes des Archetypischen. Obwohl Jung keinen konsistenten Ansatz zur hermeneutischen Untersuchung formuliert hat, ist seine theoretische Entwicklung des Archetypischen reich an hermeneutischen Implikationen. Im besonderen kann sein Begriff des Archetyps an sich hermeneutisch als eine Form von nichtkonzeptualisiertem Hintergrundverstandnis aufgefast werden. Einige Implikationen dieses Konstruktes des Archetypischen fur eine jungianische Hermeneutik als Untersuchungsmethode werden naher betrachtet.
Fin dagli inizi l’ermeneutica e stata centrale per la pratica della psicologia junghiana, sebbene Jung non sviluppo mai completamente e coerentemente un metodo ermeneutico di ricerca e la letteratura relativa a questo aspetto della sua psicologia non e ampia. In questo lavoro iniziamo un riesame del rapporto di Jung con il pensiero ermeneutico basato sui riferimenti espliciti all’ermeneutica nei Collected Works e sullo sviluppo teorico del concetto di archetipo. Sebbene Jung non formulo un approccio ermeneutico di ricerca, tuttavia il suo sviluppo teorico della nozione di archetipo e ricco di implicazioni ermeneutiche. In particolare la sua nozione dell’archetipo in quanto tale puo essere compresa ermeneuticamente come una forma di comprensione da una base non concettuale. Vengono considerate come una forma di ricerca alcune implicazioni di questa costruzione degli archetipi.
La Hermeneutica ha sido central para el inicio del conocimiento de la psicologia de Jung, aun cuando el nunca desarrollara un metodo hermeneutico coherente y completo de indagacion y la literatura que estudia este aspecto de su psicologia no es extensa. En este trabajo emprendemos una revision critica de la relacion de Jung con el pensamiento hermeneutico, basado en sus referencias explicitas a la hermeneutica en sus Obras Completas y el desarrollo teorico de la nocion de arquetipos. Aunque Jung no formulara concistemente un enfoque hermeneutico a la investigacion, su desarrollo teorico de arquetipos es rico en implicaciones hermeneuticas. En particular, en su nocion del ‘arquetipo per se’, el mismo puede ser comprendido hermeneuticamente como el trasfondo de una forma de comprension no-conceptual. Se consideran algunas implicaciones de este constructo de arquetipos como una forma de indagacion para la hermeneutica Jungiana.
TL;DR: A way of formulating interpretations for the unthinkable to become thinkable and find a representation in the mind of patients who suffer from transgenerationally transmitted trauma is proposed.
Abstract: In this paper I will discuss clinical material and make some hypotheses on how to work with patients for whom trans-generational transmission of trauma is an issue. Basing my hypothesis on two clinical cases, I will propose a way of dealing with undigested facts, the fabric of trauma, which generate deadly ghosts and mental voids that are transmitted from one generation to the next. I will propose a way of formulating interpretations for the unthinkable to become thinkable and find a representation in the mind of patients who suffer from transgenerationally transmitted trauma. Some thoughts will be given to the maternal and the paternal transmitters of trauma in relation to child development issues.
TL;DR: The paper searches for insight in the area of collective memory as a part of collective consciousness, a phenomenon understood as a stabilizing factor for a society's self-image and identity, with a focus on commemorative practices taking place in a transitional space between psychic and social life.
Abstract: The paper searches for insight in the area of collective memory as a part of collective consciousness, a phenomenon understood as a stabilizing factor for a society's self-image and identity. Collective memories are seen as originating from shared communications transmitting and creating the meaning of the past in the form of narrative, symbols and signs. As such, they contain the individual, embodied and lived side of our relations to the past. As well as the identity-building and meaning-making functions of collective memories, their defensive function is discussed with a focus on commemorative practices taking place in a transitional space between psychic and social life. Fears of a lack of collective identity and coherence have contributed to the way Polish commemorative practices have been shaped. This is considered in relation to the Smolensk catastrophe in 2010, viewed in the context of the Jungian concept of the collective psyche and the psychoanalytical understanding of defensive group mechanisms against trauma, especially those relating to loss and mourning. It leads to a consideration of how historical experiences and the experience of history can be accessed, as well as their meaning for individual and group development.
Translations of Abstract
L’article cherche a penetrer dans la zone de la memoire collective en tant qu’elle fait partie du conscient collectif, un phenomene compris comme un facteur stabilisant pour l’identite et l’image de soi de la societe. L’on considere que les memoires collectives prennent leur origine dans les relations partagees transmettant et creant le sens du passe sous forme de recits, de symboles et de signes. En elles-memes elles contiennent l’aspect individuel, incarne et vivant de nos relations avec le passe. De meme que la construction de l’identite et la fabrication des fonctions symboliques des memoires collectives, leur fonction defensive est discutee en se concentrant sur les pratiques commemoratives qui prennent place dans un espace transitionnel entre vie psychique et vie sociale. La fonction defensive contre les experiences traumatiques du passe, contribuant a la peur d’une perte d’identite et de coherence collectives avec le temps, est discutee en lien avec la facon dont les pratiques commemoratives Polonaises ont ete mises en forme. Un exemple de ceci est la reaction a la catastrophe de Smolensk en 2010 en Pologne. Ceci est considere dans le contexte du concept Jungien de la psyche collective et de la comprehension psychanalytique des mecanismes defensifs de groupe contre le traumatisme, particulierement ceux en lien avec la perte et le deuil. Les questions qui se posent etudient comment les experiences historiques et l’experience de l’histoire peuvent etre approchees, de meme que leur sens pour le developpement de l’individu et du groupe.
Der Artikel sucht nach Einblick in das Gebiet der kollektiven Erinnerung als Teil des kollektiven Bewustseins, ein als stabilisierender Faktor fur das gesellschaftliche Selbstbild und die Identitat verstandenes Phanomen. Kollektive Erinnerungen werden als aus gemeinsamer Kommunikation entstehend gesehen, die die Bedeutung der Vergangenheit in Form von Erzahlungen, Symbolen und Zeichen vermittelt und erschafft. Als solche beinhalten sie individuelle, verkorperte und die gelebte Seite unserer Beziehung zur Vergangenheit. Sowohl die identitatsbildenden und bedeutungsgebenden Funktionen des kollektiven Gedachtnisses wie auch ihre Abwehrfunktion werden diskutiert, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf Erinnerungspraktiken liegt, die in einem Ubergangsraum zwischen Seele und sozialem Leben stattfinden. Die Abwehr gegen traumatische Erfahrungen in der Vergangenheit, die mit der Zeit zu einer Furcht vor Mangel an kollektiver Selbstidentitat und Koharenz beitragen, wird im Zusammenhang mit der Art besprochen, in der sich polnische Erinnerungspraktiken herausgebildet haben. Ein Beispiel hierfur ist die Reaktion in Polen auf die Katastrophe von Smolensk 2010. Dies wird betrachtet im Kontext des jungianischen Konzeptes der Kollektivpsyche und des psychoanalytischen Verstandnisses der Abwehrmechanismen von Gruppen, besonders jenen gegen Verlust und Trauma gerichteten. Die auftauchenden Fragen beleuchten, wie man sich geschichtlichen Erfahrungen und der Erfahrung der Geschichte, wie auch ihrer Bedeutung fur individuelle und kollektive Entwicklung nahern kann.
In questo scritto si cerca di vedere a fondo l’area della memoria collettiva come una parte della coscienza collettiva, un fenomeno inteso come fattore stabilizzante per quanto riguarda l’immagine di se e l’identita di una societa. Le memorie collettive vengono viste come originatesi dalla trasmissione di comunicazioni condivise che creano il significato del passato nelle forme di narrazioni, simboli e segni. In quanto tali esse contengono l’aspetto vissuto, individuale e incarnato della nostra relazione con il passato. Cosi come la costruzione dell’identita e le funzioni della creazione di significato delle memorie collettive viene discussa la loro funzione difensiva con particolare attenzione alle pratiche commemorative che si situano in uno spazio transizionale tra la psiche e la vita sociale. Viene discussa inoltre la funzione difensiva dalle esperienze traumatiche del passato che contribuiscono alla paura di una mancanza dell’identita di se collettiva e di coerenza nel tempo in relazione al modo con cui hanno preso forma le pratiche commemorative dei Polacchi. Un esempio di cioe la reazione alla catastrofe del 2010 a Smolensk in Polonia. Cio viene visto nel contesto del concetto junghiano della psiche collettiva e della comprensione psicoanalitica dei meccanismi di gruppo come difesa dal trauma, soprattutto quelli relativi alla perdita e al lutto. Le domande che sorgono prendono in considerazione il modo in cui si puo avere accesso sia alle esperienze storiche che alle esperienze nella storia e al loro significato nello sviluppo individuale e di gruppo.
Статья нацелена на поиск инсайта в коллективной памяти как части коллективного сознания – этот феномен понимается как стабилизирующий фактор самоидентичности и формирования обществом собственного имиджа. Коллективные воспоминания видятся исходящими из общих, разделяемых всеми коммуникативных передач и создающими смысл прошлого в форме рассказов, символов и знаков. Как таковые они содержат индивидуальную, воплощенную и проживаемую сторону нашего отношения к прошлому. Но наряду с такими функциями коллективных воспоминаний, как построение идентичности и делание смысла, в статье обсуждается и их защитная функция, подчеркиваются мемориальные практики, бытующие в переходном пространстве между психической и социальной жизнью. Защитная функция, ограждающая от травматичных переживаний прошлого, вносит свой вклад в формирование страха отсутствия коллективной самоидентичности и непрерывности во времени; Эти процессы обсуждаются на примере того, как возникли польские мемориальные практики. Примером этому служит реакция Польши на Смоленскую катастрофу 2010 года. Этот случай рассматривается в контексте Юнгианской концепции коллективной психики и с точки зрения психоаналитического понимания защитных групповых механизмов против травмы, особенно тех, что касаются утраты и горевания. Статья поднимает вопросы о том, каким образом добиться доступа к историческим переживаниям и опыту истории, а также рассматривает смысл подобного опыта для индивидуального и группового развития.
El articulo busca penetrar el area de la memoria colectiva como parte de la consciencia colectiva, un fenomeno entendido como un factor estabilizador para la identidad e imagen propia de la sociedad. Las memorias colectivas son vistas como el resultado de comunicaciones compartidas que transmiten y crean el significado del pasado en forma de narrativas, simbolos y signos. Como tal, contienen el lado individual, personificado y vivenciado de nuestras relaciones con el pasado. Igual que la construccion de identidad y la creacion de funciones conceptuales de memorias colectivas, su funcion defensiva es discutida con el foco en las practicas conmemorativas que suceden en el espacio transicional entre la vida psiquica y la social. La funcion defensiva contra las experiencias traumaticas del pasado contribuyendo al miedo por la ausencia de una identidad colectiva propia y la coherencia a lo largo del tiempo es discutido con relacion a la manera en que las practicas conmemorativas polacas han sido construidas. Un ejemplo de esto es la reaccion resultado de la Catastrofe Smolensk en 2010 en Polonia. Esto se mira en el contexto del concepto Junguiano de la psique colectiva y la comprension psicoanalitica de mecanismos grupales defensivos contra trauma, especialmente aquellos relacionados con perdida y duelo. Las preguntas que se suscitan consideran como las experiencias historicas y la experiencia de la historia pueden ser accesadas, asi como su significado para el desarrollo individual y grupal.
TL;DR: This paper points to the problem caused by the fact that numerous academic 'Jung studies' are conducted on the basis of the English translation of Jung's works without any knowledge of his original texts and illustrates it with the misconstrual that Jung's concept of synchronicity suffered in the studies of many recent authors.
Abstract: This paper points to the problem caused by the fact that numerous academic 'Jung studies' are conducted on the basis of the English translation of Jung's works without any knowledge of his original texts and illustrates it with the misconstrual that Jung's concept of synchronicity suffered in the studies of many recent authors, as exemplified by two articles in the September 2011 issue of the JAP. The translation of 'sinngemase Koinzidenz' as 'meaningful coincidence' seduced those writers to take synchronistic 'meaning' as meaning the meaningfulness of life or even as 'transcendent meaning', which is incompatible with Jung's synchronicity concept, and to replace Jung's strictly intellectual project of establishing an explanatory principle for synchronistic events (in addition to the principle of causality for all other events) by the fundamentally different project of focusing on the impact that such events may have for the experiencing subjective mind, on 'human meaning-making', and, with a decidedly anti-intellectual bias, of hoping for 'shifts into non-rational states of mind'.
TL;DR: This paper takes Jung's engagement with Schelling and his awareness of Schellingian ideas and interests as its starting-point, and argues that a key set of problematics in German Idealism offers a useful conceptual framework within which to approach Jung's Red Book.
Abstract: The late nineteenth century saw a renaissance of interest in the thought of the German Romantic philosopher, F.W.J. Schelling. This paper takes Jung's engagement with Schelling and his awareness of Schellingian ideas and interests (notably, the mysterious Kabeiroi worshipped at Samothrace) as its starting-point. It goes on to argue that a key set of problematics in German Idealism — the relation between freedom and necessity, between science and art, and ultimately between realism and idealism — offers a useful conceptual framework within which to approach Jung's Red Book. For the problem of the ideal is central to this work, which can be read as a journey from eternal ideals to the ideal of eternity. (Although the term ‘idealism’ has at least four distinct meanings, their distinct senses can be related in different ways to Jung's thinking.) The eloquent embrace of idealism by F.T. Vischer in a novel, Auch Einer, for which Jung had the highest praise, reminds us of the persistence of this tradition, which is still contested and debated in the present day.
TL;DR: This paper applies the concept of psychic skin to analytic work with people suffering from personality disorders and psychoses, and tries to demonstrate how archetypal 'second skins' can preserve life until internal and external conditions make it possible for the self to emerge.
Abstract: In this paper, I apply the concept of psychic skin to analytic work with people suffering from personality disorders and psychoses. When psychoses emerge, the defensive skin which protects the ego is breached and violent unconscious forces rip through the personality. Some of the patients diagnosed as schizophrenic with whom I work have identified with archetypal characters such as Christ, Satan, John Lennon and the Queen. I attempt to show how the adoption of these inflated personas can serve as secondary psychic skins. Such delusional identifications can provide a protective shield to hide the denuded self and prevent intrusion from the external world. Through clinical example, I try to demonstrate how these archetypal 'second skins' can preserve life until internal and external conditions make it possible for the self to emerge. I contrast such psychotic identifications with 'thin-skinned' and 'thick-skinned' narcissism as well as 'defences of the self' in borderline states where the psychic skin may be damaged but does not disintegrate. I also look at the ways in which Jung's own personal experience was different from this and how he managed to avert psychotic breakdown.
TL;DR: I try to understand what the title Liber Novus means and suggest that it represents an intention of attaining to a rank beyond being a 'new book' for only one man, Carl Gustav Jung, to being a work relevant to humanity as a totality.
Abstract: The Red Book can be, and is, read in a variety of ways and used for different purposes. Here I propose to view it from the perspectives of three contexts: the personal and biographical one, a literary one and a cultural and religious one. Each of these viewpoints exposes different, but (in each case) important, features and meanings. Composing Liber Novus clearly had great significance for Jung's own personal individuation process. In studying this work, the reader must keep in mind that Jung had a great many predecessors in view and looking over his shoulder as he composed it. The text reveals that he was in dialogue with a vast number of cultural figures from the near and the far past. It is also a foundational text for Jung's later works in psychology. And it addresses large cultural and historical issues, looking back at traditions from the standpoint of modernity and forward toward what is to come collectively in the near and distant future. His creation was a work for himself, but also for the culture and for the ages. I try to understand what the title Liber Novus means and suggest that it represents an intention of attaining to a rank beyond being a 'new book' for only one man, Carl Gustav Jung, to being a work relevant to humanity as a totality.
TL;DR: The origins and mission of the General Medical Society for Psychotherapy, both as it existed before Hitler's rise to power and as it was transformed afterward is described.
Abstract: Relying in part on previously unpublished documents of the 1930s, this paper1 describes the origins and mission of the General Medical Society for Psychotherapy, both as it existed before Hitler's rise to power and as it was transformed afterward. Jung accepted the Society's presidency in 1933–34, on condition that it be restructured as an international, politically neutral organization, free from the laws of Gleichschaltung (Nazi conformity). The paper also contains a close study of Jung's collaboration with one interesting German colleague, Walter Cimbal. Cimbal, a neurologist, was briefly a member of the Nazi Party and, judging from his early letters to Jung, a Hitler enthusiast. Yet he also seems to have tried, together with Jung, to alleviate the difficulties of German Jewish colleagues whose lives were disrupted by the Hitler revolution. The paper includes translated passages from Cimbal's previously unpublished letters from 1933–36 and the post-war years. It also includes a first-person account by Wladimir Rosenbaum, the Zurich lawyer who assisted Jung in 1934, when Jung tried to mitigate the impact of anti-Jewish laws on his German Jewish colleagues. In the primary materials of this period one discovers more evidence of moral shadow—and also less—than is sometimes assumed.
Translations of Abstract
S’appuyant en partie sur des documents inedits des annees 1930, cet article decrit les origines et la mission de la Societe Medicale Generale de Psychotherapie, a la fois telle qu’elle existait avant l’ascension d’Hitler, et telle qu’elle a ete transformee par la suite. Jung avait accepte la presidence de la Societe en 1933–34, a la condition qu’elle serait restructuree en une organisation internationale, politiquement neutre, libre des lois de Gleichschaltung (conformite nazie). Cet article contient aussi une etude minutieuse de la collaboration de Jung avec un interessant collegue allemand, Walter Cimbal. Cimbal, un neurologue, fut brievement membre du parti nazi et, a en juger par ses premieres lettres a Jung, un hitlerien enthousiaste. Cependant, il semble aussi avoir essaye, avec Jung, d’alleger les difficultes des collegues juifs allemands dont les vies etaient desorganisees par la revolution hitlerienne. L’article inclut des passages traduits des lettres inedites de Cimbal, des annees 1933–1936 jusqu’apres la guerre. Il inclut egalement un recit a la premiere personne de Wladimir Rosenbaum, l’avocat de Zurich qui aidât Jung en 1934, quand Jung essaya d’attenuer l’impact des lois antijuives sur ses collegues juifs allemands. Dans les premiers materiaux de cette periode, l’on decouvre plus de signes d’ombre morale—et aussi moins—qu’on ne le pense parfois.
Aufbauend auf z.T. vorher unveroffentlichten Dokumente aus den 30-er Jahren beschreibt dieser Beitrag die Ursprunge und den Auftrag der Allgemeinen Arztlichen Gesellschaft fur Psychotherapie und zwar sowohl wie sie vor Hitlers Aufstieg zur Macht existierte als auch nach ihrer Umwandlung. Jung nahm 1933–34 die Prasidentschaft der Gesellschaft unter der Bedingung an, das letztere als internationale, politisch neutrale Organisation, frei von den Gesetzen der Gleichschaltung neustrukturiert werde. Die Abhandlung beinhaltet desweiteren eine kurze Studie uber Jungs Zusammenarbeit mit einem interessanten deutschen Kollegen, Walter Cimbal. Cimbal, Neurologe, war kurzzeitig Mitglied der Nazi-Partei und, seinen fruhen Briefen Jungs zufolge, auch Hitler-Enthusiast. Dennoch scheint er, zusammen mit Jung, versucht zu haben, deutschen judischen Kollegen, deren soziale Existenz durch die Hitler-Revolution zerstort wurde, in ihren Schwierigkeiten beizustehen. Der Text enthalt vordem unveroffentlichte Briefe von Cimbal von 1933–36 sowie aus den Nachkriegsjahren. Ebenso findet sich ein Beleg aus erster Hand von Wladimir Rosenbaum, dem Zuricher Rechtsanwalt der Jung 1934 behilflich war als dieser versuchte, die Auswirkungen der antisemitischen Gesetze auf seine deutsch-judischen Kollegen abzumildern. In den Quellentexten dieser Zeit finden sich mehr Hinweise auf den moralischen Schatten–und gleichzeitig weniger–als manchmal angenommen wird.
Basandosi in parte su documenti del 1930, non pubblicati precedentemente, in questo scritto vengono descritte le origini e la missione della Societa di Medicine Generale per la Psicoterapia, sia come si presentava prima dell’ascesa al potere di Hitler che come venne trasformata dopo. Jung accetto la presidenza della Societa nel 1933–34, a condizione che venisse ristrutturata come una organizzazione internazionale, politicamente neutrale, libera dalle leggi di conformita naziste (Gleichschaltung) Questo scritto contiene inoltre un riservato studio della collaborazione di Jung con un interessante collega tedesco, Walter Cimbal. Cimbal, un neurologo, era stato per breve tempo un membro del Partito Nazista e, a giudicare dalle prime lettere a Jung, un entusiasta di Hitler. Eppure sembra anche che abbia cercato, insieme a Jung, di alleviare le difficolta di colleghi Ebrei Tedeschi, le cui vite furono spezzate dalla rivoluzione di Hitler. Questo scritto include passi dalle lettere di Cimbal, precedentemente non pubblicate, degli anni 1933–36 e degli anni dopo la fine della guerra. Include anche un resoconto personale di Wladimir Rosenbaum, l’avvocato zurighese che assistette Jung nel 1934, quando Jung tento di mitigare l’impatto delle leggi anti-ebrei su i suoi colleghi ebrei tedeschi. Nei materiali originali di questo periodo si scoprono piu evidenze di una ombra morale–e anche meno- di quanto a volte si e presunto.
Confiando en parte en documentos no publicados antes de los anos treinta, este trabajo describe los origenes y la mision de la Sociedad General de Medico Para La Psicoterapia, tal como existio antes que la subida de Hitler y como fue transformada posteriormente. Jung acepto la presidencia de la Sociedad en 1933–34, a condicion de que la organizacion fuera cambiada a una organizacion politicamente neutral, internacional, libre de las leyes de Gleichschaltung (de orientacion y conformidad nazi). Este trabajo contiene un estudio sobre la colaboracion de Jung con un interesante colega aleman, Walter Cimbal. Cimbal, un neurologo, fue brevemente un miembro del Partido nazi y, juzgando por sus cartas tempranas a Jung, un entusiasta de Hitler. Mas el tambien parece haber tratado, junto con Jung, de aliviar las dificultades de colegas alemanes judio cuyas vidas fueron interrumpidas por la revolucion de Hitler. El trabajo incluye pasajes traducidos de cartas de Cimbal de 1933–36 y los anos de la post-guerra no publicadas previamente Tambien se incluye un relato de primera mano de Wladimir Rosenbaum, el abogado de Zurich que ayudo a Jung en 1934, cuando este trato de mitigar el impacto de leyes anti-semiticas en sus colegas judios alemanes. El el material primario de este periodo uno descubre mas evidencia de sombra moral–y tambien menos–del que es asumido a veces.
TL;DR: This paper reflects on the conference question concerning the clinical and theoretical significance of Jung's Liber Novus, two years after its initial publication, and looks at how Jung himself reflected upon it and how it informed his turn to alchemy, with particular attention to the theme of opposites and their reconciliation in LiberNovus.
Abstract: This paper reflects on the conference question concerning the clinical and theoretical significance of Jung's Liber Novus, two years after its initial publication, and looks at how Jung himself reflected upon it and how it informed his turn to alchemy, with particular attention to the theme of opposites and their reconciliation in Liber Novus, later taken up in Mysterium Coniunctionis.
TL;DR: It is argued that over-investment in hero and anima archetypal configurations may represent an attempt to replace the resource of the internal parental couple that, at the level of unconscious phantasy, has been destroyed by the aggrieved child's attack on the primal scene.
Abstract: Joe Redfearn's (1979) classic paper ‘The captive, the treasure, the hero and the anal stage of development’ is recognized as seminal to the development of Jungian thought about anality, particularly its integration with mainstream (Freudian, Kleinian) psychoanalytic perspectives. This paper develops such an approach through drawing on contributions from Meltzer, Green, Bion, Chasseguet-Smirgel and Kernberg. More specifically, it is argued that over-investment in hero and anima archetypal configurations may represent an attempt to replace the resource of the internal parental couple that, at the level of unconscious phantasy, has been destroyed by the aggrieved child's attack on the primal scene. Unless this usually dissociated sadism can be integrated, the creative epistemophilic instinct may remain blunted, giving rise, through projective identification, to the adoption of a pseudo-adult identity based on appropriation or assertion. This in turn may lead to manic attempts to reach authentic (‘animating’) experience through the (often erotized) excitement of heroic endeavour.
Consideration of both Redfearn's and the author's own clinical material demonstrates how close attention to process as well as content is fundamental to revealing and addressing such likely-to-be dissociated scenarios.
Translationsof Abstract
L’article de reference de Joe Redfearn (1979) « la captive, le heros et le stade anal du developpement » est reconnu comme fondateur pour le developpement de la pensee jungienne au sujet de l’analite, et particulierement pour son integration dans le courant dominant des perspectives psychanalytiques (freudienne, kleinienne). Cet article developpe une approche similaire en s’appuyant sur les contributions de Meltzer, Green, Bion, Chasseguet-Smirgel et Kernberg. La discussion est plus specifiquement centree sur le surinvestissement des figures archetypiques du heros et de l’anima, qui peut etre une tentative pour remplacer la representation du couple parental interne qui, au niveau des fantasmes inconscients, a ete detruit par l’attaque de l’enfant blesse contre la scene primitive. A moins que ce sadisme habituellement dissocie puisse etre integre, l’instinct creatif epistemophilique peut demeurer emousse, donnant naissance, a travers l’identification projective, a l’adoption d’une identite pseudo-adulte basee sur l’appropriation ou la revendication. Ceci a son tour peut conduire a des tentatives desesperees pour arriver a des experiences authentiques (« animantes ») a travers l’excitation (souvent erotisee) de conduites heroiques. La prise en compte a la fois de l’article de Redfearn et du materiel clinique de l’auteur demontre qu’une soigneuse attention vis-a-vis du processus aussi bien que du contenu est fondamentale pour mettre en evidence et confronter de tels scenarios vraisemblablement dissocies.
Joe Redfearns klassischer Aufsatz ‘Der Gefangene, der Schatz, der Held und die anale Phase der Entwicklung’ (1979) wird als grundlegend fur die Entfaltung jungianischen Denkens uber Analitat angesehen, speziell dessen Integration in Hauptrichtungen psychoanalytischer Perspektiven (freudianisch, kleinianisch). Gestutzt auf Beitrage von Meltzer, Green, Bion, Chasseguet-Smirgel und Kernberg entwickelt dieser Aufsatz einen solchen Ansatz. Naherhin wird argumentiert, das eine Uberbetonung von Helden- und Anima-Konfigurationen den Versuch reprasentieren konnte, die Ressourcen des internalen Elternpaares zu ersetzen, welche, auf der Ebene unbewuster Phantasien, durch die krankungsmotivierte kindliche Attacke auf die Urszene zerstort wurden. Bis dieser gewohnlich dissoziierte Sadismus integriert werden kann, mag der kreative erkenntnissuchende Instinkt abgestumpft bleiben, was, per projektiver Identifikation, das Entstehen einer pseudoerwachsenen Identitat bedingen kann, die auf Besitznahme oder Behauptung basiert. Dies wiederum mag zu manischen Versuchen fuhren, sich authentische (‘animating’) Erfahrungen durch die (oft erotisierten) Aufregungen einer heldenhaften Anstrengung zu verschaffen. Die Betrachtung von Redfearnes sowie des vom Autor selbst eingebrachten klinischen Materials verdeutlicht, wie fundamental eine hohe Aufmerksamkeit dem Prozes wie dem Inhalt gegenuber ist, um solche vermuteten dissoziierten Szenarien erkennen und ansprechen zu konnen.
Il classico lavoro di Joe Redfearn (1979) ‘Il prigioniero, il tesoro, l’eroe e lo stadio anale dello sviluppo’ viene riconosciuto come basilare per lo sviluppo del pensiero junghiano sull’analita, in particolare per la sua integrazione con le principali prospettive psicoanalitiche (Freudiani, Kleiniani).Questo lavoro sviluppa un tale approccio basandosi su contributi di Meltzer, Green, Bion, Chasseguet-Smirgel e Kernberg. Piu specificamente, si sostiene che il super-investimento sulle configurazioni archetipiche dell’eroe e dell’anima possano rappresentare un tentativo di rimpiazzare la risorsa della copia parentale interna che, a livello di una fantasia inconscia, e stata distrutta dall’attacco distruttivo del bambino alla scena primaria. Qualora questo normale sadismo dissociato non possa essere integrato, il creativo istinto epistemofilico puo restare attutito, dando origine, attraverso l’identificazione proiettiva, all’adozione di una identita pseudo adulta basata sull’appropriazione o sulla asserzione. Cio a sua volta puo portare a tentativi maniacali di raggiungere un’autentica (“animante”) esperienza attraverso l’eccitazione (spesso erotizzata) di uno sforzo eroico. Considerazioni sul materiale clinico sia di Readfearns che degli altri autori dimostrano in che modo una stretta attenzione al processo e al contenuto sia fondamentale per rivelare e indicare tali scenari simili a una dissociazione.
Классическая статья Джо Редферна (1979) «Пленник, сокровище, герой и анальная стадия развития» считается зародышем юнгианской мысли на тему анальности, и особенно – интеграции этой мысли в мэйнстрим психоаналитических взглядов (фрейдистских, кляйнианских). В статье развивается этот подход в обзоре работ таких авторов, как Мельтцер, Грин, Бион, Шоссгет-Смиржель и Кернберг. Статья доказывает, что сверх-вклад в архетипические конфигурации анимы и героя может представлять собой попытку заместить ресурс внутренней родительской пары, которая на уровне бессознательной фантазии была разрушена неудовлетворенной детской атакой на первичную сцену. До тех пор, пока этот обычно диссоциированный садизм не интегрируется, творческий эпистемофильский инстинкт может оставаться притупленным, способствуя (через проективную идентификацию) принятию псевдо-взрослой идентичности, основанной на присвоении или на претензиях. Что, в свою очередь, может привести к маниакальным попыткам достигнуть аутентичного («анимизированного») переживания через (зачастую эротизированное) воодушевление героических усилий. Рассмотрение клинического материала, как представленного Редферном, так и собственно авторского, демонстрирует, насколько дозированное внимание к процессу и содержанию может оказаться существенным для проявления подобных легко диссоциируемых сценариев и для обращения к ним.
El clasico trabajo de Joe Redfearn (1979) ‘El cautivo, el tesoro, el heroe y la etapa anal del desarrollo’ es reconocido como fundamental en el desarrollo del pensamiento Jungiano acerca de la analidad, especialmente en su integracion con las perspectivas de las corrientes psicoanaliticas predominantes (Freudianas y Kleinianas). Este trabajo desarrolla tal enfoque utilizando contribuciones de Meltzer, Green, Bion, Chasseguet-Smirgel y Kernberg. Mas especificamente, se agumenta que la sobre valoracion las configuraciones arquetipicas del heroe y el anima puedan representar una tentative de reemplazar en la pareja parental interna esto es, en el nivel de la fantasia inconsciente, de la experiencia de la escena primaria. A menos que este sadismo generalmente disociado pueda ser integrado, el instinto epistemologico creador pueda quedarse, dando emergencia, por identificacion proyectiva, a la adopcion de una pseudo identidad de adulto basada la apropiacion o la afirmacion. Esto puede llevar en cambio a tentativas maniacas alcanzar una autentica (“animando”) experiencia por el (a menudo erotized) entusiasmo del esfuerzo heroico. La consideracion de tanto Redfearn como el propio material clinico del autor demuestran como atencion cercana para procesar el contenido es fundamental para revelar y dirigir lo, como-si, probables escenarios
TL;DR: This paper explores how untold and unresolved intergenerational trauma may be transmitted through unconscious channels of communication, manifesting in the dreams of descendants, and argues that the containment of the analytical relationship nested within the security of the analytic space is a necessary precondition for such healing processes to occur.
Abstract: This paper explores how untold and unresolved intergenerational trauma may be transmitted through unconscious channels of communication, manifesting in the dreams of descendants. Unwitting carriers for that which was too horrific for their ancestors to bear, descendants may enter analysis through an unconscious need to uncover past secrets, piece together ancestral histories before the keys to comprehending their terrible inheritance die with their forebears. They seek the relational containment of the analytic relationship to provide psychological conditions to bear the unbearable, know the unknowable, speak the unspeakable and redeem the unredeemable. In the case of ‘Rachael’, initial dreams gave rise to what Hobson (1984) called ‘moving metaphors of self’ in the analytic field. Dream imagery, projective and introjective processes in the transference-countertransference dynamics gradually revealed an unknown ancestral history. I clarify the back and forth process from dream to waking dream thoughts to moving metaphors and differentiate the moving metaphor from a living symbol. I argue that the containment of the analytic relationship nested within the security of the analytic space is a necessary precondition for such healing processes to occur.
Translations of Abstract
Cet article explore comment des histoires traumatiques intergenerationnelles non dites et non resolues peuvent etre transmises par des canaux de communication inconscients, et se manifester dans les reves des descendants. Porteurs involontaires de ce qui etait trop horrible a porter pour leurs ancetres, les descendants peuvent entrer en analyse pousses par un besoin inconscient de decouvrir les secrets du passe, de rassembler des histoires ancestrales avant que les cles de comprehension de leur terrible heritage puissent mourir avec leurs aieux. Ils recherchent le contenant relationnel de la relation analytique pour fournir les conditions psychologiques a porter l’importable, connaitre l’inconnaissable, parler l’indicible, et reparer l’irreparable. Dans le cas de « Rachael », les reves initiaux firent emerger ce qu’Hobson (1984) a appele« les metaphores mouvantes du soi » dans le champ analytique. L’imagerie onirique, les processus d’introjection et de projection dans la dynamique tranferentielle-contretransferentielle revelerent progressivement une histoire ancestrale ignoree. J’elucide le processus de va-et-vient entre reve, pensees du reve eveille et metaphores mouvantes, et differencie la metaphore mouvante du symbole vivant. Je maintiens que le contenant de la relation analytique protege par la securite de l’espace analytique est une condition prealable necessaire pour que de tels processus de guerison puissent advenir.
Dieser Artikel untersucht, wie nicht erzahlte und ungeloste intergenerationale traumatische Erfahrungen durch unbewuste Kommunikationskanale ubermittelt werden konnen und sich dann in den Traumen der Nachfahren manifestieren. Jene Nachkommen mogen dann, als unwissentliche Trager fur das, was fur die Vorfahren zu schrecklich war, um ertragen werden zu konnen, aus einer unbewusten Notwendigkeit heraus, Geheimnisse der Vergangenheit zu enthullen, die Geschichte der Ahnen zusammenzusetzen bevor die Schlussel zum Begreifen des furchtbaren Erbes mit ihren Vorfahren sterben, eine Analyse beginnen. Sie suchen das bezogene Gehaltensein der analytischen Beziehung um psychologische Bedingungen zu erhalten, unter denen das Unertraglich ertragen, das Unwissbare gewust, das Unaussprechliche ausgesprochen und das Unerlosbare erlost werden kann. Im Fall von ‘Rachel’ forderten Initialtraume das, was Hobson (2004) ‘bewegende Metaphern des Selbst’ im analytischen Feld genannt hat. Traumbilder, projektive und introjektive Prozesse in der Ubertragungs-Gegenubertragungsdynamik enthullten stufenweise eine unbekannte Geschichte der Vorfahren. Ich erlautere den Vor-und-Zuruck-Verlauf vom Traum zu Wachtraumgedanken zu bewegenden Metaphern und unterscheide die bewegende Metapher vom lebendigen Symbol. Ich lege dar, das das Gehaltensein in der analytischen Beziehung, eingebettet in die Sicherheit des analytischen Raumes, eine notwendige Vorbedingung zum Entstehen eines solchen Heilungsprozesses darstellt.
In questo lavoro si tratta del modo in cui vicende traumatiche intergenerazionali non risolte possano essere trasmesse attraverso inconsci canali di comunicazione manifestandosi nei sogni dei discendenti. Colui che non e testimone si fa carico di cio che per i suoi antenati era troppo orribile da sopportare, i discendenti possono iniziare una analisi per via di un inconscio bisogno di scoprire segreti passati, di mettere insieme pezzi di storie ancestrali, prima che le chiavi per comprendere la loro terribile eredita muoiano insieme alla loro sopportazione. Cercano il contenimento relazionale della relazione analitica che fornisce le condizioni psicologiche per tollerare l’intollerabile, conoscere l’inconoscibile,dare voce a cio di cui non si puo parlare e redimere l’irredimibile. Nel caso di ‘Rachael’ i sogni iniziali diedero origine a cio che Hobson(1984) chiama ‘commoventi metafore del se nel campo analitico’. Immagini dei sogni, processi proiettivi e introiettivi nelle dinamiche transferali e controtranserali rivelarono gradualmente una sconosciuta storia ancestrale. Chiarisco l’avanti e indietro del processo dal sogno ai pensieri vigili, a metafore commoventi, e distinguo le metafore commoventi dal simbolo vivente. Sostengo che il contenimento della relazione analitica intrecciato come un nido insieme alla sicurezza dello spazio analitico e una precondizione necessaria perche tali processi di guarigione possano avvenire.
В статье исследуется, как невысказанный и неразрешенный межпоколенческий травматический материал может передаваться через бессознательные каналы коммуникации, проявляясь в снах потомков. Невольные носители того, что было ужасным и невыносимым для их предшественников, потомки могут приходить в анализ, подчиняясь бессознательной потребности раскрыть тайны прошлого, связать воедино истории предков до того, как ключи к пониманию их тяжелого наследия умрут вместе с предками. Они ищут контейнирования аналитических отношений, которые могут обеспечить необходимые психологические условия для того, чтобы вынести невыносимое, узнать непостижимое, проговорить невыразимое и искупить неискупаемое. В случае «Рахиль» первичное сновидение дало возможность проявлению того, что Хобсон (1984) назвал «подвижными метафорами самости» в аналитическом поле. Образность сновидений, проективные и интроективные процессы в динамике переноса-контрпереноса последовательно раскрывают неизвестную историю предков. Я разъясняю челночный поступательный процесс от сновидений к идеям дневных грез и к подвижным метафорам от живого символа. Я доказываю, что контейнирование аналитических отношений, гнездящееся в безопасности аналитического пространства – необходимая предпосылка такого целительного процесса.
Este articulo explora como los asuntos intergeneracionales no contados o resueltos pueden transmitirse a traves de canales inconscientes de comunicacion, manifestandose en los suenos de los descendientes. Portadores inconscientes de aquello que resulto demasiado horroroso de soportar por parte de sus ancestros, los descendientes pueden entrar en analisis por la necesidad inconsciente de descubrir secretos del pasado, y vincular las historias ancestrales, antes de que las claves para comprender su terrible herencia muera con sus ancestros. Ellos buscan la contencion relacional de la relacion analitica para proveer las condiciones psicologicas que permitan soportar lo insoportable, conocer lo desconocido, decir lo indecible y redimir lo irredimible. En el caso de ‘Rachael’, sus suenos iniciales dieron lugar a lo que Hobson (1984) llamo‘metaforas moviles del Self’ en el campo analitico. La imagineria del sueno, procesos proyectivos e introyectivos en las dinamicas transferencia-contratransferencia, gradualmente revelan una historia ancestral desconocida. Clarifico el proceso hacia adelante y hacia atras del sueno a los pensamientos, del sueno despierto a las metaforas moviles y diferencio la metafora movil del simbolo viviente. Argumento que la contencion de la relacion analitica encontrado en de la seguridad del espacio analitico es una pre-condicion necesaria para que ocurran tales procesos de sanacion.
TL;DR: The author presents here the results of 12 years of work with a group of psychotherapists in Germany on the subject of the after-effects of the Nazi period on people in psychotherapeutic treatment today and identifies several typical complexes concerned with issues of identity, loyalty, relationship, authority and aggression.
Abstract: The author presents here the results of 12 years of work with a group of psychotherapists in Germany on the subject of the after-effects of the Nazi period on people in psychotherapeutic treatment today. She identifies several typical complexes concerned with issues of identity, loyalty, relationship, authority and aggression. Case examples and references to texts from the Nazi period illustrate the phenomena. The author's concern is that psychotherapists be aware of their own collective (family, ethnic, national) past so that they can fully engage in their work without having to repress painful collective complexes. In training analysis this aspect of the work is especially important so that the following generations of analysts can experience the importance of this level of the collective unconscious. Language: en
TL;DR: The author shows the kinship between the formation of the main Jungian concepts and the teachings of the French poet, professor, and art critic Yves Bonnefoy, and considers certain recurrent formal themes in the work of contemporary German painter and sculptor Anselm Kiefer.
Abstract: This essay on The Red Book seeks to underscore a characteristic specific to Jung's approach to psychoanalysis. In this book, and more generally, in all of his writings, Jung's thinking is based on his personal experience of the unconscious, in which he leaves himself open to progressive encounters. Some of them, in the years 1913–14 and 1929–30, particularly his meeting with the giant Izdubar, were quite threatening. As a result, he forged an original way of thinking that is qualified here as ‘imaging’ and ‘emergent’. The Red Book served as the first vessel for theories Jung would later express. His way of thinking, with its failures and semi-successes, all of which are always temporary, of course, is compared to the art of the potter. The author shows the kinship between the formation of the main Jungian concepts and the teachings of the French poet, professor, and art critic Yves Bonnefoy. He also considers certain recurrent formal themes in the work of contemporary German painter and sculptor Anselm Kiefer. Lastly, this epistemological study, constantly aware of the demands of Jungian clinical practice, demonstrates the continuity in Jung's work, from The Red Book to Answer to Job, where Jung ultimately elaborated a conception of history that defines our ethical position today.
Translations of Abstract
Cet essai sur le Livre Rouge cherche a souligner une attitude specifique dans l’approche de la psychanalyse chez Jung. Dans ce livre, et plus generalement, dans tous ses ecrits, la pensee de Jung est fondee sur son experience personnelle de l’inconscient, dans laquelle il se laisse ouvrir a des confrontations progressives. Quelques unes d’entre elles, dans les annees 1913–14 et 1929–30, en particulier sa rencontre avec le geant Izdubar, furent assez menacantes. A la suite de quoi, il forgea une pensee originale qui est qualifiee ici « d’imageante » ou « emergente ». Le Livre Rouge fit office de premier contenant aux theories que Jung exprimerait plus tard. Sa facon de penser, avec ses echecs et ses demi-succes, qui sont tous toujours transitoires, bien sur, est comparee a l’art du potier. L’auteur montre la parente entre la formation des principaux concepts jungiens et les enseignements du poete et professeur francais Yves Bonnefoy. Il considere aussi certains themes formels recurrents dans le travail du peintre et sculpteur contemporain allemand Anselm Kiefer. Pour finir, cette etude epistemologique, constamment consciente des exigences de la pratique clinique jungienne, demontre la continuite dans le travail de Jung, depuis le Livre Rouge jusqu’aReponse a Job, dans lequel Jung elabore finalement une conception de l’histoire qui definit notre position ethique aujourd’hui.
Diese Abhandlung uber das Rote Buch unternimmt den Versuch, eine charakteristische Besonderheit in Jungs Herangehen an die Psychoanalyse herauszustreichen. In diesem Buch, und allgemeiner gefast in all seinen Schriften, fust Jungs Denken auf seiner personlichen Erfahrung des Unbewusten, mit deren Hilfe er sich vorwartsweisenden Erfahrungen zuganglich erhalt. Einige von ihnen, in den Jahren 1913–14 und 1929–30, vor allem seine Begegnung mit dem Riesen Izdubar, waren ziemlich bedrohlich. Als Ergebnis pragte er eine originare Denkweise, die hier als ‘imaginierend’ und ‘emergent’ bezeichnet wird. Das Rote Buch diente als erstes Gefas fur Theorien, die Jung spater entwickeln wurde. Seine Art zu denken, mit ihren Fehlschlagen und Halberfolgen, die selbstredend samtlichst vorlaufiger Natur waren, wird mit der Kunst des Topfers verglichen. Der Autor zeigt die Verwandtschaft zwischen der Struktur der Jungschen Hauptkonzepte und den Lehren des franzosischen Dichters und Professors Yves Bonnefoy auf. Weiterhin betrachtet er bestimmte wiederkehrende formale Themen im Werk des zeitgenossischen deutschen Malers und Bildhauers Anselm Kiefer. Schlieslich demonstriert diese epistemologische Studie, – standig den Erfordernissen der jungianischen klinischen Praxis eingedenk –, die Kontinuitat in Jungs Werk vom Roten Buch bis zur Antwort auf Hiob, wo Jung letztendlich eine Konzeption der Geschichte entwickelte, die heute unsere ethische Position definiert.
In questo saggio si cerca di sottolineare una caratteristica specifica dell’approccio junghiano alla psicoanalisi. In questo libro, e piu generalmente, in tutti i suoi scritti, il pensiero di Jung e basato sulla sua esperienza personale dell’inconscio, in cui egli si lascia aperto a progressivi incontri. Alcuni di questi, negli anni 1913–14 e nel 1929–30, in particolare nel suo incontro con il gigante Izdubar, furono molto pericolosi.. Come risultato egli un originale modo di pensiero che qui viene chiamato come “immaginale” e “emergente”. Il Libro Rosso serve come primo vessillo delle teorie che Jung avrebbe formulato piu tardi. Il suo modo di pensare, con i suoi fallimenti e i suoi mezzi successi, ognuno dei quali e ovviamente sempre temporaneo, viene paragonato all’arte del vasaio. L’autore mostra l’affinita tra l’affermazione dei principali concetti junghiani e gli insegnamenti del poeta e professore francese Yves Bonnefoy. Prende poi anche in considerazione certi temi formali ricorrenti nel lavoro del pittore e scultore tedesco Anselm Kiefer. Infine questo studio epistemologico, costantemente consapevole delle richieste della pratica clinica junghiana, dimostra la continuita del lavoro junghiano, dal Libro Rosso a Risposta a Giobbe dove Jung in definitiva ha elaborato una concezione della storia che definisce la nostra posizione etica attuale.
В этом эссе, посвященном «Красной Книге», Кристиан Гэйар стремится подчеркнуть особенности подхода Юнга к психоанализу. Как в этой книге, так и, в целом, во всех работах мысль Юнга основана на его собственных переживаниях и опыте контакта с бессознательным, которому он открывается в последовательном ряде встреч. Некоторые из них, в 1913–1914 и в 1929–1930 годах, а особенно – его встреча с великаном Издубаром, были довольно страшными. В результате он выковал свой собственный способ мышления, который в статье квалифицируется как «воображаемый» и «появляющийся (возникающий)». «Красная Книга» стала первым сосудом для возникновения теорий, которые Юнг создаст позже. Его образ мысли, со всеми присущими ему неудачами и полу-успехами, безусловно, лишь временными, сравнивается с гончарным искусством. Автор показывает родство между формированием основных концепций Юнга и учением французского поэта и преподавателя Ива Бонфуа. Он не оставляет без внимания также некоторые постоянные формы и темы в работах современного немецкого художника и скульптора Ансельма Кифера. И последнее – это эпистемологическое исследование, учитывающее запросы юнгианской клинической практики, показывает непрерывность и преемственность в трудах Юнга, начиная от «Красной Книги» и до «Ответа Иову», в котором Юнг, в конце концов, выработал концепцию истории, определяющую и посегодня нашу этическую позицию.
En el Libro Rojo este ensayo procura subrayar una caracteristica especifica del enfoque del Jung sobre psicoanalisis. En este libro, y mas generalmente, en todo de sus escrituras, el pensamiento de Jung esta basado en su experiencia personal del inconsciente, en los cuales se permite abrirse a continuos encuentros. Algunos de ellos, durante los anos 1913–14 y 1929–30, especialmente su reunion con el gigante Izdubar, fueron muy amenazantes. Como resultado, el forjo una manera particular de pemsamiento, calificado aqui como ‘imagineria’ y ‘emergente’ El Libro Rojo sirvio como el primer navio para las teorias que Jung elaboraria posteriormente. Su manera de pensar, con sus fracasos y exitos parciales, todos los cuales son siempre temporales, por supuesto, es comparable al arte del alfarero. El autor muestra la familiaridad entre la formacion de los principales conceptos Jungianos y las ensenanzas del poeta y el profesor frances Yves Bonnefoy. Considera asi mismo ciertos temas formales recurrentes en el trabajo de pintor y escultor aleman contemporaneo Anselm Kiefer. Por ultimo, este estudio epistemologico, consciente constantemente de las demandas de la practica clinica Jungiana, demuestra la continuidad en el trabajo de Jung, desde El Libro Rojo hasta Respuesta a Job, donde Jung elaboro definitivamente una concepcion de la historia que define nuestra posicion etica de hoy.
TL;DR: Case material is presented which focuses on an experience of what the author describes as 'primal negation' which gives rise to primitive displacement anxiety and this is proposed as a specific form of primitive mental agony.
Abstract: The fundamental existential question for the borderline/ hysteric patient is not ‘who am I?’ but ‘where am I?’ or perhaps ‘where can I be?’. This paper1 explores this statement with reference to a pivotal clinical experience which changed the author's thinking and theorizing about this state. Case material is presented which focuses on an experience of what the author describes as ‘primal negation’ which gives rise to primitive displacement anxiety and this is proposed as a specific form of primitive mental agony. There is an elaboration of a borderline defence against an unthinkable experience of formless dread which the author conceives as an attempt to construct a sense of a liveable shape. There is a description of an aspect of the analyst's ‘dreaming on behalf of the patient’ and an elaboration of what this came to mean for both analyst and patient.
TL;DR: Three patients suffered from separation guilt and unstable self-esteem and reported dream imagery suggesting psychological imbalance, and the requirement to carefully delineate the ancestral claims on psyche as well as those contents and affects that may not be accessible to therapeutic intervention is emphasized.
Abstract: The ancestral claims on an individual can evoke mental conflict when they involve separating from an ethnic group whose beliefs and customs are devalued by the dominant culture. However, these claims are engraved on the psyche early in development by caretakers to the level of pre-object relatedness, where contents and affect tones are implicit and may be unavailable for later psychoanalytical interventions. In addition, as the anthropologist Clifford Geertz notes, one's culture of origin precedes the development of psyche and creates its own set of claims that must be renegotiated when one encounters a different domain of cultural symbols, a confrontation that can produce psychological dissonance and self-alienation. In this paper, three cases are examined in which mental conflicts were evoked by attempts at divesting ancestral claims in response to conscious efforts to assimilate into the dominant culture. These patients suffered from separation guilt and unstable self-esteem and reported dream imagery suggesting psychological imbalance. The requirement to carefully delineate the ancestral claims on psyche as well as those contents and affects that may not be accessible to therapeutic intervention is emphasized, and the importance of compromise and acceptance with respect to the psychological demands of the unconscious are considered.
TL;DR: The influence of familiarity on the progress of analysis is examined including defences against the unknown, role responsiveness, romantic love, the image of the stranger, and unformulated experience.
Abstract: This paper examines the influence of familiarity on the progress of analysis It is proposed that familiarity is a particular aspect of the intersubjective field which emerges over time and begins to shape and influence the behaviours, perceptions, thoughts, and feelings of the participants It is also proposed that states of familiarity can have facilitative or defensive functions in an analytic relationship and that it is an influence co-created in the field The experience of familiarity operates as background to our various foreground concerns in analytic work and therefore exists primarily as an implicit, rather than explicit, experience in analysis Defensive familiarity often creates a feeling of relatedness that is subtly unrelated, a form of pseudo-intimacy Parallels between defensive familiarity and related concepts are examined including defences against the unknown, role responsiveness, romantic love, the image of the stranger, and unformulated experience This paper concludes with two case examples and a discussion of procedural knowledge in the implicit domain as an explanatory framework for the understanding of familiarity states in the analytic setting
Translations of Abstract
Cet article considere l’influence de la familiarite sur le progres de l’analyse Il est suggere que la familiarite est un aspect particulier du champ intersubjectif qui deborde le temps et commence a former et influencer les comportements, les perceptions, les pensees, et les sentiments des participants Il est aussi suggere que les situations de familiarite peuvent avoir des fonctions facilitatrices ou defensives dans une relation analytique et que ceci est une influence co-creee dans le champ L’experience de la familiarite opere en arriere-plan de nos diverses preoccupations de premier plan dans le travail analytique, et par consequent se manifeste essentiellement en tant qu’experience implicite, plutot qu’explicite, en analyse La familiarite defensive cree souvent un sentiment d’etre relie qui est subtilement sans lien; une forme de pseudo-intimite Des paralleles entre la familiarite defensive et les concepts de relation sont etudies incluant : les defenses contre l’inconnu, les modeles de receptivite, l’amour romantique, la figure de l’etranger, et l’experience informulee Cet article conclut avec deux cas cliniques et une discussion sur la connaissance des modes operatoires dans le domaine implicite comme un cadre explicatif pour la comprehension des situations de familiarite dans le cadre analytique
In diesem Beitrag wird der Einflus von Vertraulichkeit auf den Prozes der Analyse untersucht Es wird unterstellt, das es sich bei der Vertraulichkeit um einen besonderen Aspekt des intersubjektiven Feldes handelt, der mit der Zeit entsteht und beginnt, das Verhalten, die Wahrnehmungen, Gedanken und Gefuhle der Beteiligten zu beeinflussen Weiterhin wird angenommen, das einige Arten von Vertraulichkeit erleichternde oder abwehrende Funktionen innerhalb einer analytischen Beziehung besitzen konnen und das hierdurch ein zusatzlicher Einflusfaktor im Feld gegeben ist Das Entstehen von Vertraulichkeit bildet den Hintergrund unserer verschiedenen vordergrundigen Besorgnisse in der analytischen Arbeit und stellt deshalb primar eine eher implizite als explizite Erfahrung in der Analyse dar Abwehrbedingte Vertraulichkeit erzeugt oft ein Gefuhl der Verbundenheit, die subtil unverbunden ist; eine Art von Pseudo-Intimitat Parallelen zwischen abwehrhafter Vertraulichkeit und verwandten Konzepten werden untersucht, einschlieslich: Abwehr gegen das Unbekannte, Rollenentgegenkommen, romantische Liebe, das Bild des Fremden und ungelebte Erfahrung Der Beitrag schliest mit zwei Fallbeispielen und einer Diskussion uber Verfahrenswissen auf dem implizierten Gebiet als Rahmen fur das Verstandnis von Vertraulichkeitszustanden im analytischen Setting
In questo lavoro si esamina l’influenza della familiarita sul progresso dell’analisi Viene qui proposto che la familiarita sia un aspetto particolare del campo intersoggettivo che emerge nel tempo e comincia a dare forma e a influenzare i comportamenti, le percezioni, i pensieri e i sentimenti dei partecipanti Si suppone inoltre che gli stati di familiarita possono avere funzioni facilitanti o difensive nella relazione analitica e che questa e un’influenza che si co-crea nel campo Tale esperienza della familiarita opera come sfondo ai vari primi piani che riguardano il lavoro analitico e percio esiste dapprima come una esperienza analitica implicita, piuttosto che esplicita La familiarita difensiva spesso crea un sentimento di relazione che e sottilmente irrelato; una forma di pseudo –intimita Vengono esaminati dei paralleli fra la familiarita difensiva e concetti relativi che includono: difese contro lo sconosciuto, il ruolo della sensibilita, l’amore romantico, l’immagine dello straniero e esperienze non espresse Questo lavoro si conclude con due esempi di casistica e una discussione sulla conoscenza procedurale nel dominio implicito come una struttura esplicativa per la comprensione degli stati di familiarita nel setting analitico
Статья исследует влияние дружеского общения на прогресс анализа Предлагается к рассмотрению мысль о том, что пребывание «на дружеской ноге»– особый аспект интерсубъективного поля, проявляющийся с течением времени и начинающий формировать и влиять на поведение, восприятие, мысли и чувства участников Предполагается также, что состояния дружеского общения могут иметь функции вспоможения или защиты в аналитических отношениях, и что они являются влиянием, со-творенным в поле Опыт дружеского общения действует как фон для разнообразных забот, бытующих на авансцене аналитической работы, и, стало быть, изначально существует скорее как имплицитное, а не эксплицитное, переживание в анализе Защитная фамильярность часто создает чувство связи, которое при этом весьма тонким образом не-соединяет; некую форму псевдо-близости Исследуются параллели между защитной фамильярностью и связанными с ней концепциями, такими как: защиты от неизвестного, ролевая отзывчивость, романтическая любовь, образ незнакомца и не формулируемое переживание Статья завершается примерами двух случаев и обсуждением процессуального знания об имплицитной области как объяснительной рамки для понимания этих состояний дружественности в аналитическом сеттинге
Este trabajo examina la influencia de familiaridad en el progreso del analisis Es propuesto que familiaridad es un aspecto particular del campo de ila intersubjetividad que surge con el tiempo y comienza a formar e influir las conductas, las percepciones, los pensamientos, y los sentimientos de los participantes Tambien se propone que estados de familiaridad pueden tener funciones facilitadoras o defensivas en la relacion analitica y que es una influencia co-creada en el campo La experiencia de la familiaridad funciona como fondo en el primer plano de nuestros intereses en el trabajo analitico y por lo tanto existe principalmente como un implicito, antes que explicito, de la experiencia en el analisis La familiaridad defensiva a menudo crea un sentimiento de relacion que sutilmente no-relaciona; una forma de la seudo-intimidad Se eaminan los paralelismoss entre familiaridad defensiva y conceptos relacionados incluyendo: defensas contra el desconocido, la receptividad de papel, el amor romantico, la imagen del extranjero, y experiencias no planificadas Este trabajo concluye con dos ejemplos de casos y una discusion del conocimiento procesal en el dominio implicito como una armazon explicativa para la comprension de estados de familiaridad en la situacion analitica
TL;DR: This paper takes the shape of a diptych and explores the ancestors as embodied ghosts, internal objects or as mediated through ancestral heritage, as these aspects intertwine in a Möbius strip.
Abstract: This paper1 takes the shape of a diptych. The first part explores the ancestors as embodied ghosts, internal objects or as mediated through ancestral heritage, as these aspects intertwine in a Mobius strip. The second part looks at ancestral heritage and the different ways in which ‘family myth’ appears in a Jungian context and in Systemic Psychotherapy (family therapy). Both share an interface through the current paradigm shifts towards mutual reflexivity in patient and therapist and a focus on the interpersonal space. The ancestors give substance to the eternal riddle: ‘from whence do we come, who are we and where do we go’, which connects past, present and future. Our ancestors are part of our minds, perhaps in the way Damasio (2010) postulates that ancestral experiences mediated through culture shape our brains. The leitmotiv of individuation through mimesis (sameness) and alterity (difference) runs through both parts.
Translations of Abstract
Cet article prend la forme d’un diptyque. La premiere partie explore les ancetres; en tant que fantomes incarnes, objets internes ou transmis a travers l’heritage ancestral; en tant que ces aspects s’entrelacent en une boucle de Moebius. La seconde partie considere l’heritage ancestral et les differentes facons qu’a le «mythe familial» d’apparaitre, dans un contexte jungien et en Psychotherapie Systemique (Therapie Familiale). Les deux partagent une interface qui permet que le paradigme actuel glisse vers une reflexivite reciproque entre patient et therapeute, et une focalisation sur l’espace interpersonnel. Les ancetres donnent substance a l’eternelle enigme : « d’ou venons-nous, qui sommes-nous et ou allons-nous»; ce qui met en lien passe, present et futur. Nos ancetres font partie de nos esprits, probablement dans le sens ou Damasio (2010) postulait que les experiences ancestrales transmises par la culture organisent nos cerveaux. Le leitmotiv de l’individuation a travers la mimesis (similitude) et l’alterite (difference) traverse les deux parties.
Dieser Beitrag ist als Diptychon angelegt. Der erste Teil untersucht die Vorfahren als verkorperte Geister, internalisierte Objekte oder als durch das Erbe der Vorfahren vermittelt, – Aspekte, die in einer Mobius-Schleife verflochten sind. Der zweite Teil beschaftigt sich mit Ahnenerbe und den verschiedenen Arten, in denen ‘Familienmythen’ in jungianischem Kontext und in Systemischer Psychotherapie (Familientherapie) auftauchen. Beide teilen eine Schnittstelle durch die gegenwartigen Paradigmenwechsel hin zu gegenseitiger Reflektion im Patienten und im Therapeuten und auf eine Fokussierung des interpersonellen Raumes. Die Vorfahren liefern den Inhalt fur das ewige Ratsel: ‘Woher kommen wir, wer sind wir und wohin gehen wir’, was Vergangenheit, Gegenwart und Zukunft verbindet. Unsere Vorfahren sind Teil unseres Geistes, vielleicht in der Weise, die Damasio (2010) postulierte, das die Erfahrungen der Vorfahren, vermittelt durch die Kultur, unser Denken formen. Das Leitmotiv der Individuation durch Mimesis (Gleichheit) und Andersartigkeit (Unterschied) zieht sich durch beide Teile.
Questo lavoro assume la forma di un dittico. Nella prima parte si esaminano gli antenati; come fantasmi incarnati, oggetti interni o come mediati dall’eredita ancestrale; come questi aspetti si intrecciano in un nodo Moebiano. La seconda parte considera l’eredita ancestrale e i modi diversi attraverso i quali appare “il mito della famiglia” nel contesto junghiano e nella Terapia Sistemica (Terapia della famiglia). Entrambi condividono un’interfaccia attraverso lo spostarsi del paradigma corrente verso una reciproca riflessivita tra paziente e analista e una messa a fuoco dello spazio interpersonale. Gli antenati danno sostanza a un antico enigma: ‘da dove veniamo, chi siamo e dove andiamo’, che connette il passato, il presente e il futuro. I nostri antenati fanno parte della nostra mente, forse nel modo in cui Damasio (2010) postula che le esperienze ancestrali mediate attraverso la cultura formano i nostri cervelli. Attraversa entrambe queste parti il tema centrale di una individuazione mediante una mimesi (identificazione) e una alterita (una differenziazione).
Эта статья написана в форме диптиха. Первая часть исследует предков – представленных в качестве воплощенных привидений, внутренних объектов или материала, полученного по наследству; то, как эти аспекты пересекаются, подобно ленте Мёбиуса. Вторая часть рассматривает наследие предков и различные пути появления «семейного мифа» в юнгианском контексте и в системной семейной терапии. И тот, и другая стыкуются, прибегая к современной парадигме, склоняющейся к взаимному отражению пациента и терапевта и к концентрации на межличностном пространстве. Предки наполняют содержанием извечную загадку: «откуда мы, кто мы и куда идем»; а это соединяет прошлое, настоящее и будущее. Наши предки – часть нашей психики, быть может, в форме, которую Дамасио (2010) постулирует как опыт предков, опосредованный культурной формой нашего мозга. Лейтмотив индивидуации через мимесис (уподобление) и инаковость (различие) проходит через обе части.
Este articulo forma un diptico. La primera parte explora los ancestros; como fantasmas corporeos, objetos internos o canalizados a traves de la herencia ancestral; como estos aspectos se entremezclan en un loop Moebiano. La segunda parte se enfoca en la herencia ancestral y las diferentes maneras en que aparece el ‘mito familiar’ en un contexto Junguiano y en la Psicoterapia Sistemica (Terapia Familiar). Ambas comparten una interface mediante los actuales cambios paradigmaticos hacia una reflexion mutua en el paciente y en el terapeuta y se localiza en el espacio interpersonal. Los ancestros le dan sustancia al eterno rompecabezas: ‘de donde provenimos, quienes somos y hacia donde vamos’; que conecta el pasado, el presente y el futuro. Nuestros ancestros son parte de nuestras mentes, quizas en la manera que Damasio (2010) postulo en el sentido de que las experiencias ancestrales canalizadas en la cultura crean la forma de nuestros cerebros. El leitmotiv de la individuacion mediante mimesis (sameness) y alteridad (diferencia) fluye a traves de las dos partes.
TL;DR: This paper tries to investigate The Red Book from a pre-modern point of view especially with reference to a Japanese cultural and clinical perspective because of overwhelming contents from the unconscious, the position of the ego is remarkable as a formal aspect throughout TheRed Book.
Abstract: This paper tries to investigate The Red Book from a pre-modern point of view especially with reference to a Japanese cultural and clinical perspective. In spite of overwhelming contents from the unconscious, the position of the ego is remarkable as a formal aspect throughout The Red Book. The ego manifests itself as a stable observing agency which results in clear images. In the case of Japan, visions are historically rare because of the much more vague position of the ego. While in Liber Primus the ego manifests itself via suffering and tragedy, in Liber Secundus it has more distance and humour, and takes the form of comedy. Mythological images are internalized as fantasy in Liber Secundus. So the rebirth of God does not need to be performed literally but by way of internalization, which is the origin of Jungian psychology. In its substantial aspect, the references in The Red Book to pre-modern cultural images of sacrifice and redemption of the dead are impressive. The sacrifice may suggest that the numinous cannot be experienced as ritual and symbol but necessitates direct violence and sexuality.
TL;DR: This article describes the double role of the journey of the daughter of Holocaust survivors: it is both an attempt to reconstruct, redeem and preserve the memory of the lost ancestors, and a personal journey to the echoes of my ancestors' voices within my soul.
Abstract: The Holocaust of the Jews in World War II involved not only the murder of 6 million Jews but also the traumatic destruction and wipe-out of whole communities, with their rich culture and tradition which had existed for centuries. In places where no one survived, it was almost impossible to reconstruct the collective memory of those communities. The voice of the ancestors was lost. As a daughter of Holocaust survivors, I have always felt the strong presence of the loss, not only of the murdered family members but also of the ancient colourful world of Eastern European Jews. I have always felt compelled to link back to that lost world. In the past three years, my journey to the pre-war past has become more intense. This article describes the double role of my journey: it is both an attempt to reconstruct, redeem and preserve the memory of the lost ancestors, and a personal journey to the echoes of my ancestors’ voices within my soul.
Translations of Abstract
L’Holocauste des Juifs pendant la seconde guerre mondiale a non seulement entraine le meurtre de 6 millions de juifs mais aussi la destruction traumatique et l’extermination de communautes entieres, avec leur richesse de cultures et de traditions qui s’etaient maintenues pendant des siecles. La ou personne n’a survecu, il a quasiment ete impossible de reconstruire la memoire collective de ces communautes. La voix des ancetres etait perdue. En tant que fille de survivants de l’Holocauste, j’ai toujours ressenti la forte presence de la perte, non seulement des membres de la famille massacres mais aussi de l’ancien univers colore des Juifs d’Europe Centrale. Je me suis toujours sentie obligee d’avoir a me relier a ce monde perdu. Durant les trois dernieres annees, ma recherche du passe d’avant-guerre est devenue plus intense. Cet article decrit le double role de mon voyage : il est a la fois une tentative de reconstruire, ressusciter et preserver la memoire des ancetres perdus, et une recherche personnelle des echos des voix de mes ancetres dans mon âme.
Der Holocaust der Juden im Zweiten Weltkrieg schlos nicht nur die Ermordung von 6 Millionen Juden ein, sondern auch die traumatische Zerstorung und Ausloschung ganzer Gemeinden mit ihren reichen Traditionen, die seit Jahrhunderten bestanden hatten. An Orten, an denen es keine Uberlebenden gibt, war es fast unmoglich, das kollektive Gedachtnis dieser Gemeinden zu rekonstruieren. Die Stimme der Vorfahren war verloren. Als Tochter von Holocaust-Uberlebenden habe ich immer die starke Gegenwart des Verlustes erlebt, nicht nur jene der ermordeten Familienmitglieder, sondern auch die der alten farbereichen Welt der osteuropaischen Juden. Ich habe immer den Zwang gespurt, die Verbindung zu dieser verlorenen Welt aufzunehmen. Wahrend der vergangenen drei Jahre hat sich meine Reise durch die Vorkriegszeit intensiviert. Dieser Artikel beschreibt die Doppelrolle meiner Reise: es ist sowohl der Versuch zu rekonstruieren, zu erlosen und das Andenken an die verlorenen Ahnen zu erhalten, wie auch eine personliche Reise zu den Echos der Stimmen meiner Vorfahren in meiner Seele.
L’Olocausto degli Ebrei della II Guerra Mondiale non implico solo l’assassinio di 6 milioni di Ebrei, ma anche la distruzione traumatica e l’eliminazione di intere comunita insieme alla ricchezza della loro cultura e tradizione che era esistita per secoli. Nei luoghi dove non ci furono superstiti fu quasi impossibile ricostruire la memoria collettiva di tali comunita. La voce degli antenati ando persa. In quanto figlia di sopravvissuti all’Olocausto ho sempre sentito la forte presenza della perdita, non solo dei membri della famiglia assassinati, ma anche dell’antico mondo pieno di colori degli Ebrei dell’Europa dell’Est. Mi sono sempre sentita spinta a ricollegarmi a quel mondo perduto. Negli ultimi tre anni il mio viaggio nel passato prima della guerra si e fatto sempre piu intenso. In questo articolo descrivo il doppio ruolo di tale viaggio: esso e sia un tentativo di ricostruire, riscattare e preservare la memoria degli antenati perduti, che un viaggio personale verso gli echi delle voci dei miei antenati nella mia anima.
Холокост евреев во Второй Мировой войне заключался не только в убийстве 6 миллионов человек, но также в травматическом разрушении и полном уничтожении целых сообществ с их богатой культурой и традициями, существовавших испокон веков. В тех местах, где никто не выжил, было почти невозможно реконструировать коллективную память. Глас предков был утрачен. Как дочь выживших в Холокосте, я всегда остро чувствовала утрату – не только убитых членов семьи, но и старинного цветистого мира восточноевропейских евреев. Я всегда чувствовала необходимость вновь связаться с этим утраченным миром. В прошедшие три года мои путешествия к предвоенному прошлому стали еще более интенсивными. Статья описывает двойную роль моего путешествия: это одновременно и попытка реконструировать, искупить и сохранить память об утраченных предках, и мой личный путь к эху голосов моих предков в душе.
El Holocausto judio de la Segunda Guerra Mundial implico no solo el asesinato de 6 millones de judios sino tambien la destruccion traumatica y eliminacion de comunidades enteras, junto a su rica tradicion y cultura existentes durante siglos. En aquellos lugares donde no hubo sobrevivientes fue casi imposible reconstruir la memoria colectiva de esas comunidades. Se perdio la voz de los ancestros. Como hija de sobrevivientes del Holocausto, siempre me ha acompanado la fuerte presencia de la perdida, no solo de los familiares asesinados, sino tambien del antiguo y colorido mundo de los judios de Europa Oriental. Siempre he sentido la necesidad de conectar con ese mundo perdido. Durante los ultimos tres anos, mi viaje al pasado de la pre-guerra se ha hecho mas intenso. Este articulo describe el doble rol de mi viaje: es un intento de reconstruir, redimir y preservar la memoria de los ancestros perdidos, y tambien es un viaje a los ecos de las voces de mis ancestros dentro de mi alma.
TL;DR: Postmodern theorists such as Derrida, Foucault and Irigaray are drawn in an effort to re-imagine the role of culture in psychodynamic process and the case of a Muslim Iranian man working with a Christian American woman analyst will be used to explore the complexity of a multitude of cultural norms present in the consulting room.
Abstract: In our increasingly mobile world, more of us are caught between cultures rather than in one culture. We straddle different ethnic, racial, political, geographical, and religious groups, forced into awareness of the precarious nature of our self-definition, involuntarily gazing at the constructed nature of our cultural norms, unable to avoid reckoning with the choices of which collective to honour. The impossibility of separating individual from collective is foundational to work as Jungian practitioners, but a paradox of individuation is becoming free of the control of collective norms while simultaneously living within those very norms. In such a conflict it becomes easy to overlook the fact that when the norms we have incorporated into ourselves are from cultures vastly different from the one in which we live, the cacophony can be overwhelming. In this paper, I will draw from postmodern theorists such as Derrida, Foucault and Irigaray in an effort to re-imagine the role of culture in psychodynamic process. The case of a Muslim Iranian man working with a Christian American woman analyst will be used to explore the complexity of a multitude of cultural norms present in the consulting room.