TL;DR: In this paper, a model was proposed to assess the thermal stability of polar ice deposits on the surface of either body by calculating temperatures of flat surfaces and surfaces within bowl-shaped and flat-floored polar impact craters on Mercury and the Moon.

TL;DR: In this paper, a simple one-dimensional geometrical-optics model for spectral albedo of powdered surfaces, in particular of lunar regolith, has been presented.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors performed three-dimensional N-body integrations of the final stages of terrestrial planet formation and determined the spin angular momentum states of the growing planets by summing the contributions from each collisional encounter, with an emphasis on the type of impact which is believed to have triggered the formation of Earth's Moon.

TL;DR: The Megallan Doppler radiometric tracking data provides unprecedented precision for spacecraft based gravity measurements with the maximum resolution approaching spherical harmonic degree and order 180 in selected equatorial regions as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the integrated spectral absorbances (ISA) for HCOOH and HCO trapped in H2O ice were measured for the first time, along with published A's for H2CO and CH3OH, were used to calculate radiation yields and conventional percentage yields.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that at least 18% of the surface of Europa is fresh appearing chaos, an additional 4% is slightly modified chaos, and much more older chaotic terrain has been overprinted by tectonic structures.

TL;DR: In this paper, a scaling model based on the concept that fragmentation is accomplished through the growth and coalescence of preexisting flaws is used to validate the model, which is believed to apply to the shattering of a wide range of rock types.

TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of Clementine data obtained from a UVVIS camera and simulating laboratory photometric and polarimetric measurements is presented with the use of a new photometric three-parameter function combining the shadow-hiding and coherent backscatter mechanisms.

TL;DR: In this article, a simplified analytical model of an evolutionary nebula is used to generate temperature-density radial profiles following the procedure elaborated by Dubrulle (Icarus106, 59, 1993).

TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the dynamics of the three-body problem when two objects are in the 1:1 mean motion commensurability and can experience close encounters, and three orbit families are relevant to the dynamics: horseshoe orbits, passing orbits, and retrograde satellite orbits.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate this regime for internally heated convection with temperature and pressure-dependent power-law viscosity (dislocation creep) and obtain scaling relationships for large aspect ratio convection.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present new 1.20 to 2.35 μm spectra of satellites of Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus, and the rings of Saturn, obtained in 1995 and 1998 at Lowell Observatory.

TL;DR: Basilevsky et al. as mentioned in this paper proposed that the plains have been built up by lavas erupted in a number of different styles, each occurring throughout the history represented by the exposed stratigraphy of the planet.

TL;DR: The Galileo mission has revealed remarkable evidence of mass movement and landform degradation on the icy Galilean satellites of Jupiter as discussed by the authors, of which Callisto exhibits discrete mass movements that are larger and apparently more common than seen elsewhere.

TL;DR: In this article, a multispectral photometric study of the Moon between solar phase angles of 0 and 85° was performed using the Clementine UV/Vis camera and a correction factor of 0.532 was determined to convert the web site (www.planetary.brown.edu/clementine/calibration.html) reflectances to absolute values.

TL;DR: This paper proposes three new algorithms to better approximate the recovery region based upon approximations going beyond linearization and gives the results of tests based upon asteroids which have been recovered by chance and could have been found in the recovery area computed by the new algorithms.

TL;DR: The visible and near-infrared images of Io from the Galileo spacecraft reveal a surface more colorful than previously thought as mentioned in this paper, presumably caused by a varied composition of sulfur compounds and silicates.

TL;DR: The tenuous jovian ring system (normal optical depths <10−5) has three components: the halo, main ring, and gossamer ring as mentioned in this paper, which are observed during four orbits of Galileo's nominal mission, when 25 clear-filter images of the rings were taken at spatial resolutions of 23 to 134 km/pixel; the ring appeared fortuitously in an additional 11 images.

TL;DR: The grain density, bulk density, and porosity were measured for 19 ordinary chondrite and 5 carbonaceous chondritic meteorites, and the grain density was measured for an additional 30 ordinary and 7 carbonaceous meteorites as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, a 3D correlation diagram of optical characteristics of regolith material with the aim of choosing a coordinate system providing the best correlations of these characteristics with Fe and Ti abundance (data for the Surveyor, Luna, and Apollo landing sites) and with maturity degree was presented.

TL;DR: The authors developed a physical model of asteroid 1620 Geographos using Goldstone delay-Doppler radar images obtained Aug. 1994 with resolution as fine as 75 m, and optical lighcurves obtained in 1969, 1983, and 1993-94.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the technique of speckle imaging from the 10m Keck I Telescope to detect low-albedo regions on Titan's surface at a resolution of 0.04 arcsec (0.02 arcsec/pixel).

TL;DR: In this article, the authors solved a stationary Boltzmann transport equation to describe the ionosphere of Titan in two simple cases: the first one deals with the satellite being outside the Kronian magnetosphere on the dayside of Saturn, which happens under strong solar wind conditions.

TL;DR: In this paper, a radar scattering model is proposed for self-affine fractal surfaces when observed near-nadir and the model predicts a family of angular scattering functions that smoothly transition between forms similar to the commonly utilized Hagfors, Gaussian, and exponential surface models.

TL;DR: Clancyet et al. as mentioned in this paper employed the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Faint Object Spectrograph (FOS) to observe middle ultraviolet (220-330 nm) spectral scans of Mars for two periods during the 1996-1997 northern spring season.

TL;DR: Arakawa et al. as mentioned in this paper used a two-stage light gas gun installed in a cold room (−10°C) to clarify the elementary processes of collisional disruption and to study the reaccumulation and the escape conditions of the impact fragments.

TL;DR: Both large-scale mantel upwellings, comparable to terrestrial hotspots on Earth, and smaller scale mantle upwelling, known as coronae, occur on Venus as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, structural and kinematic analyses reveal that deformation at Ovda Regio, the largest crustal plateau on Venus, is characterized by linear shallow steep-sided troughs (ribbons), long arcuate longwavelength folds, short mid-wavelength fold, and wide complex graben.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used infrared spectrophotometric observations of the near-Earth asteroids 433 Eros, 1980 Tezcatlipoca, and 3671 Dionysus.