TL;DR: In this paper, a bigraded homology theory for graphs is introduced, which has the magnitude of a graph as its graded Euler characteristic, in the same spirit as Khovanov homology is a categorification of the Jones polynomial.
Abstract: The magnitude of a graph can be thought of as an integer power series associated to a graph; Leinster introduced it using his idea of magnitude of a metric space. Here we introduce a bigraded homology theory for graphs which has the magnitude as its graded Euler characteristic. This is a categorification of the magnitude in the same spirit as Khovanov homology is a categorification of the Jones polynomial. We show how properties of magnitude proved by Leinster categorify to properties such as a Kunneth Theorem and a Mayer-Vietoris Theorem. We prove that joins of graphs have their homology supported on the diagonal. Finally, we give various computer calculated examples.
TL;DR: In this paper, the homotopy limit of cosimplicial diagrams of dg-categories is studied and an explicit construction of the totalization of such a diagram is given.
Abstract: In this paper we study the homotopy limits of cosimplicial diagrams of dg-categories. We first give an explicit construction of the totalization of such a diagram and then show that the totalization agrees with the homotopy limit in the following two cases: (1) the complexes of sheaves of $\mathcal O$-modules on the \v{C}ech nerve of an open cover of a ringed space $(X, \mathcal O)$; (2) the complexes of sheaves on the simplicial nerve of a discrete group $G$ acting on a space. The explicit models we obtain in this way are twisted complexes as well as their $D$-module and $G$-equivariant versions. As an application we show that there is a stack of twisted perfect complexes.
TL;DR: In this article, a simple algebraic model for rational G-spectra over an exceptional subgroup, for any compact Lie group G, was given, and all Quillen equivalences were symmetric monoidal.
Abstract: We give a simple algebraic model for rational G-spectra over an exceptional subgroup, for any compact Lie group G. Moreover, all our Quillen equivalences are symmetric monoidal, so as a corollary we obtain a monoidal algebraic model for rational G-spectra when G is finite. We also present a study of the relationship between induction - restriction - coinduction adjunctions and left Bousfield localizations at idempotents of the rational Burnside ring.
TL;DR: In this article, conditions under which one can transport the weak equivalences from one category to another with the same objects and a broader class of maps are described, under mild hypotheses this process produces an equivalence of homotopy theories.
Abstract: Constructions of spectra from symmetric monoidal categories are typically functorial with respect to strict structure-preserving maps, but often the maps of interest are merely lax monoidal. We describe conditions under which one can transport the weak equivalences from one category to another with the same objects and a broader class of maps. Under mild hypotheses this process produces an equivalence of homotopy theories. We describe examples including algebras over an operad, such as symmetric monoidal categories and $n$-fold monoidal categories; and diagram categories, such as $\Gamma$-categories.
TL;DR: In this article, the notions of Peiffer product and commutator of internal pre-crossed modules over a fixed object B were introduced, extending the corresponding classical notions to any semi-abelian category C.
Abstract: In this work we introduce the notions of Peiffer product and Peiffer commutator of internal pre-crossed modules over a fixed object B, extending the corresponding classical notions to any semi-abelian category C. We prove that, under mild additional assumptions on C, crossed modules are characterized as those pre-crossed modules X whose Peiffer commutator is trivial. Furthermore we provide suitable conditions on C (fulfilled by a large class of algebraic varietes, including among others groups, associative algebras, Lie and Leibniz algebras) under which the Peiffer product realizes the coproduct in the category of crossed modules over B.
TL;DR: In this article, the machinery of braided systems is developed for handling multi-operation situations, tailored for handling such multi-operational situations, as well as Poisson algebras, Yetter-Drinfel modules, and several other structures.
Abstract: Bialgebras and Hopf (bi)modules are typical algebraic structures with several interacting operations. Their structural and homological study is therefore quite involved. We develop the machinery of braided systems, tailored for handling such multi-operation situations. Our construction covers the above examples (as well as Poisson algebras, Yetter--Drinfel$'$d modules, and several other structures, treated in separate publications). In spite of this generality, graphical tools allow an efficient study of braided systems, in particular of their representation and homology theories. These latter naturally recover, generalize, and unify standard homology theories for bialgebras and Hopf (bi)modules (due to Gerstenhaber--Schack, Panaite--{\c{S}}tefan, Ospel, Taillefer); and the algebras encoding their representation theories (Heisenberg double, algebras~$\mathscr X$, $\mathscr Y$, $\mathscr Z$ of Cibils--Rosso and Panaite). Our approach yields simplified and conceptual proofs of the properties of these objects.
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that a finitely generated abelian group G of torsion free rank n ≥ 1 admits a n + r dimensional model for EFrG.
Abstract: We show that a finitely generated abelian group G of torsion free rank n ≥ 1 admits a n + r dimensional model for EFrG, where Fr is the family of subgroups of torsion-free rank less than or equal to r ≥ 0.
TL;DR: In this article, a decomposition formula for twisted Blanchfield pairings of 3-manifolds is presented, which splits orthogonally as the sum of the twisted blanchfield pairing of Y and the ordinary Blanchfeld pairing of the knot J, with the latter tensored up from Z[t,t−1] to R.
Abstract: We prove a decomposition formula for twisted Blanchfield pairings of 3-manifolds. As an application we show that the twisted Blanchfield pairing of a 3-manifold obtained from a 3-manifold Y with a representation ϕ:Z[π1(Y)]→R, infected by a knot J along a curve η with ϕ(η)≠1, splits orthogonally as the sum of the twisted Blanchfield pairing of Y and the ordinary Blanchfield pairing of the knot J, with the latter tensored up from Z[t,t−1] to R.
TL;DR: In this article, the theory of Tate objects in stable $(\infty, 1)$-categories, while the literature only treats with exact categories, has been studied by many authors.
Abstract: Tate objects have been studied by many authors They allow us to deal with infinite dimensional spaces by identifying some more structure In this article, we set up the theory of Tate objects in stable $(\infty,1)$-categories, while the literature only treats with exact categories We will prove the main properties expected from Tate objects This new setting includes several useful examples: Tate objects in the category of spectra for instance, or in the derived category of a derived algebraic object -- which can be thought as structured infinite dimensional vector bundle in derived setting
TL;DR: Using equivariant obstruction theory, this paper constructed a map from certain classifying spaces to representation spheres for cyclic groups, product of elementary Abelian groups and dihedral groups.
Abstract: Using equivariant obstruction theory we construct equivariant maps from certain classifying spaces to representation spheres for cyclic groups, product of elementary Abelian groups and dihedral groups. Restricting them to finite skeleta constructs equivariant maps between spaces which are related to the topological Tverberg conjecture. This answers negatively a question of Ozaydin posed in relation to weaker versions of the same conjecture. Further, it also has consequences for Borsuk-Ulam properties of representations of cyclic and dihedral groups.
TL;DR: This paper introduced the category of marked curved Lie algebras with curved morphisms, equipping it with a closed model category structure, which is equivalent to a model category of pseudo-compact unital commutative differential graded algesbras.
Abstract: This paper introduces the category of marked curved Lie algebras with curved morphisms, equipping it with a closed model category structure. This model structure is---when working over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero---Quillen equivalent to a model category of pseudo-compact unital commutative differential graded algebras, this extends known results regarding the Koszul duality of unital commutative differential graded algebras and differential graded Lie algebras. As an application of the theory developed within this paper, algebraic deformation theory is extended to functors on pseudo-compact, not necessarily local, commutative differential graded algebras.
TL;DR: In this paper, the properties of relative analogues of admissible Ind, Pro, and elementary Tate objects for pairs of exact categories, and criteria for those categories to be abelian.
Abstract: We investigate the properties of relative analogues of admissible Ind, Pro, and elementary Tate objects for pairs of exact categories, and give criteria for those categories to be abelian. A relative index map is introduced, and as an application we deduce a description for boundary morphisms in the K-theory of coherent sheaves on Noetherian schemes.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors characterize universally generalizing morphisms which satisfy descent of algebraic cycles integrally as those universally generalized morphisms that are surjective with generically reduced fibres, and introduce a naive pull-back of cycles for arbitrary morphisms between noetherian schemes.
Abstract: We characterize universally generalizing morphisms which satisfy descent of algebraic cycles integrally as those universally generalizing morphisms which are surjective with generically reduced fibres. In doing so, we introduce a naive pull-back of cycles for arbitrary morphisms between noetherian schemes, which generalizes the classical pull-back for flat morphisms, and then prove basic properties of this naive pull-back.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the (co)homological properties of two classes of Lie algebras that are constructed from any finite poset: the solvable class $\frak{gl}^\preceq$ and the nilpotent class ''frak {gl}+prec$''.
Abstract: We investigate the (co)homological properties of two classes of Lie algebras that are constructed from any finite poset: the solvable class $\frak{gl}^\preceq$ and the nilpotent class $\frak{gl}^\prec$. We confirm the conjecture of Jollenbeck that says: every prime power $p^r\!\leq\!n\!-\!2$ appears as torsion in $H_\ast(\frak{nil}_n;\mathbb{Z})$, and every prime power $p^r\!\leq\!n\!-\!1$ appears as torsion in $H_\ast(\frak{sol}_n;\mathbb{Z})$. If $\preceq$ is a bounded poset, then the (co)homology of $\frak{gl}^\preceq$ is \emph{torsion-convex}, i.e. if it contains $p$-torsion, then it also contains $p'$-torsion for every prime $p'\!<\!p$. \par We obtain new explicit formulas for the (co)homology of some families over arbitrary fields. Among them are the solvable non-nilpotent analogs of the Heisenberg Lie algebras from the Cairns & Jambor article, the 2-step Lie algebras from Armstrong & Cairns & Jessup article, strictly block-triangular Lie algebras, etc. The resulting generating functions and the combinatorics of how they are obtained are interesting in their own right. \par All this is done by using AMT (algebraic Morse theory). This article serves as a source of examples of how to construct useful acyclic matchings, each of which in turn induces compelling combinatorial problems and solutions. It also enables graph theory to be used in homological algebra.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied robust properties of zero sets of continuous maps and showed that all of them lie outside of the max-norm of the continuous map and thus can be computed by elements of a cohomotopy group.
Abstract: We study robust properties of zero sets of continuous maps $f:X\to\mathbb{R}^n$. Formally, we analyze the family $Z_r(f)=\{g^{-1}(0):\,\,\|g-f\|0$ simultaneously, the pointed cohomotopy groups form a persistence module---a structure leading to the persistence diagrams as in the case of \emph{persistent homology} or \emph{well groups}. Eventually, we get a descriptor of persistent robust properties of zero sets that has better descriptive power (Theorem A) and better computability status (Theorem B) than the established well diagrams. Moreover, if we endow every point of each zero set with gradients of the perturbation, the robust description of the zero sets by elements of cohomotopy groups is in some sense the best possible (Theorem C).
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors define a twisted simplicial simplicial group with coefficients in simplicial groups as a function and give a canonical construction of the twisted homology for simplicial complex with a given twisted structure.
Abstract: Let $A$ be either a simplicial complex $K$ or a small category $\mathcal C$ with $V(A)$ as its set of vertices or objects. We define a twisted structure on $A$ with coefficients in a simplicial group $G$ as a function $$ \delta\colon V(A)\longrightarrow \operatorname{End}(G), \quad v\mapsto \delta_v $$ such that $\delta_v\circ \delta_w=\delta_w\circ \delta_v$ if there exists an edge in $A$ joining $v$ with $w$ or an arrow either from $v$ to $w$ or from $w$ to $v$. We give a canonical construction of twisted simplicial group as well as twisted homology for $A$ with a given twisted structure. Also we determine the homotopy type of of this simplicial group as the loop space over certain twisted smash product.
TL;DR: For a triangulated category with a bounded t-structure, this article showed that there is a bijection between wide subcategories of its heart and thick sub-categories which are closed under the corresponding cohomological functor.
Abstract: For a triangulated category with a bounded t-structure, we prove that there is a bijection between wide subcategories of its heart and thick subcategories of the triangulated category which are closed under the corresponding cohomological functor. We prove that a finite-dimensional triangular algebra over an algebraically closed field is hereditary if and only if any thick subcategory of the bounded derived category is closed under the usual cohomological functor. Dedicated to Professor Yingbo Zhang on the occasion of her 70th birthday.
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the nth Morava E-theory of a finite complex with power operations can be obtained from the (n+ 1)st Morava e-etheory with power operation.
Abstract: There is a Hopf algebroid without antipode which is the dual of the algebra of power operations in Morava E-theory. In this paper we compare the category of comodules over the Hopf algebroid in the nth Morava E-theory with that in the (n+ 1)st Morava E-theory. We show that the nth Morava E-theory of a finite complex with power operations can be obtained from the (n+ 1)st Morava E-theory with power operations.
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the relation between Milnor's loop space and the classifying space functor is, in a precise sense, an adjoint pair between based spaces and topological groups in a homotopical context.
Abstract: Every principal G-bundle over X is classified up to equivalence by a homotopy class X -> BG, where BG is the classifying space of G. On the other hand, for every nice topological space X Milnor constructed a strict model of its loop space (Omega) over tildeX, that is a group. Moreover, the morphisms of topological groups (Omega) over tildeX -> G generate all the G-bundles over X up to equivalence. In this paper, we show that the relation between Milnor's loop space and the classifying space functor is, in a precise sense, an adjoint pair between based spaces and topological groups in a homotopical context. This proof leads to a classification of principal bundles over a fixed space, that is dual to the classification of bundles with a fixed group. Such a result clarifies the deep relation that exists between the theory of bundles, the classifying space construction and the loop space, which are very important in topological K-theory, group cohomology, and homotopy theory.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the Bousfield localization of ghost maps and conjecture that the only localizations satisfying this property are the zero functor, the identity functor and localization with respect to the rational Eilenberg-Mac Lane spectrum HQ.
Abstract: In homotopy theory, a ghost map is a map that induces the zero map on all stable homotopy groups. Bousfield localization is the homotopy-theoretic analogue of localization for rings and modules. In this paper, we consider the Bousfield localization of ghost maps. In particular, we pose the question: for which localization functors is it the case that the localization of a ghost is always a ghost? On the category of p-local spectra, we conjecture that the only localizations satisfying this property are the zero functor, the identity functor, and localization with respect to the rational Eilenberg–Mac Lane spectrum HQ. We significantly narrow the field of possible counter-examples (one interesting outstanding possibility is the Brown–Comenetz dual of the sphere) and we consider a weaker version of the question at hand.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors imitate the topological counterpart of universal bundles over the Grassmannian to construct some graded commutative differential algebras Ω̂∗(K̂[X]/(X2 −X, trX − r)) for the Chern classes c̄p with p 1, for the field K = Q, R or C.
Abstract: This paper contains the algebraic analog of universal classifying bundles and Chern classes. We imitate the topological counterpart of universal bundles over the Grassmannian to construct some graded commutative differential algebras Ω̂∗(K̂[X]/(X2 −X, trX − r)) and Ω̂∗(K̂[X]/(X2 −X)), whose corresponding cohomology are polynomial algebras isomorphic to K[c̄1, . . . , c̄r] and K[c̄1, c̄2, . . .] respectively, for the Chern classes c̄p with p 1, for the field K = Q, R or C. Here X denotes the infinite matrix X = [Xpq], X n denotes the corresponding matrix obtained from X by setting to zero the entries Xpq when p > n or q > n, and (X −X, trX − r) (resp. (X −X)) denotes the ideal generated by the power series ∑ p Xpp − r and the entries of the matrix X −X (resp. the entries of X −X).
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the geometric realization of linking systems with twisted coefficients, and compared the cohomology of such systems with the submodule of stable elements in a finite finite group.
Abstract: In this paper we study the cohomology of the geometric realization of linking systems with twisted coefficients. More precisely, given a prime $p$ and a $p$-local finite group $(S,\mathcal{F},\mathcal{L})$, we compare the cohomology of $\mathcal{L}$ with twisted coefficients with the submodule of $\mathcal{F}^c$-stable elements in the cohomology of $S$. We start with the particular case of constrained fusion systems. Then, we study the case of $p$-solvable actions on the coefficients.
TL;DR: In this paper, the homological properties of a 5-manifold M with fundamental group G are encapsulated in a G-invariant stable form on the dual of the third syzygy of Z.
Abstract: We show that the homological properties of a 5-manifold M with fundamental group G are encapsulated in a G-invariant stable form on the dual of the third syzygy of Z. In this notation one may express an even stronger version of Poincaré duality for M . However, we find an obstruction to this duality.
TL;DR: In this paper, a new model for equivariant algebraic topology with a compact Lie group of equivariance is presented, which offers the potential for applications of homotopy type theory to equivariants.
Abstract: We construct a new model category presenting the homotopy theory of presheaves on "inverse EI $(\infty,1)$-categories", which contains universe objects that satisfy Voevodsky's univalence axiom. In addition to diagrams on ordinary inverse categories, as considered in previous work of the author, this includes a new model for equivariant algebraic topology with a compact Lie group of equivariance. Thus, it offers the potential for applications of homotopy type theory to equivariant homotopy theory.
TL;DR: In this paper, the vanishing of first reduced cohomology of unitary representations when vertex stabilizer have property (T) was studied and necessary and sufficient conditions for the first $\ell^2$-Betti number vanishing.
Abstract: We explore the Mayer-Vietoris sequence developed by Chiswell for the fundamental group of a graph of groups when vertex groups satisfy some vanishing assumption on the first cohomology (e.g. property (T), or vanishing of the first $\ell^2$-Betti number). We characterize the vanishing of first reduced cohomology of unitary representations when vertex stabilizer have property (T). We find necessary and sufficient conditions for the vanishing of the first $\ell^2$-Betti number. We also study the associated Haagerup cocycle and show that it vanishes in first reduced cohomology precisely when the action is elementary.
TL;DR: In this article, the Thom spectrum of a map is constructed for spherical fibrations in the free loop space, where the topological Hochschild homology of these spectra is equivalent to a map out of a loop space.
Abstract: Let $R$ be an $E_\infty$-ring spectrum. Given a map $\zeta$ from a space $X$ to $BGL_1R$, one can construct a Thom spectrum, $X^\zeta$, which generalises the classical notion of Thom spectrum for spherical fibrations in the case $R=S^0$, the sphere spectrum. If $X$ is a loop space ($\simeq \Omega Y$) and $\zeta$ is homotopy equivalent to $\Omega f$ for a map $f$ from $Y$ to $B^2GL_1R$, then the Thom spectrum has an $A_\infty$-ring structure. The Topological Hochschild Homology of these $A_\infty$-ring spectra is equivalent to the Thom spectrum of a map out of the free loop space of $Y$.
This paper considers the case $X=S^1$, $R=K_p^\wedge$, the p-adic $K$-theory spectrum, and $\zeta = 1-p \in \pi_1BGL_1K_p^\wedge$. The associated Thom spectrum $(S^1)^\zeta$ is equivalent to the mod p $K$-theory spectrum $K/p$. The map $\zeta$ is homotopy equivalent to a loop map, so the Thom spectrum has an $A_\infty$-ring structure. I will compute $\pi_*THH^{K_p^\wedge}(K/p)$ using its description as a Thom spectrum.
TL;DR: In this article, the slice filtration of equivariant spectra has been studied in the nonequivariant setting and the slice tower is known for relatively few $G$-spectra.
Abstract: The slice filtration is a filtration of equivariant spectra. While the tower is analogous to the Postnikov tower in the nonequivariant setting, complete slice towers are known for relatively few $G$-spectra. In this paper, we determine the slice tower for all $G$-spectra of the form $S^n \wedge H\underline{\mathbb{Z}}$ where $n\geq 0$ and $G$ is a cyclic $p$-group for $p$ an odd prime.
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the only coset space that admits a $p$-local $H$-structure is the classical Lie group of order (PSU(p), where no element of the cyclic group has 1 as an eigenvalue.
Abstract: For $p$ an odd prime and $F$ the cyclic group of order $p$, we show that the number of conjugacy classes of embeddings of $F$ in $SU(p)$ such that no element of $F$ has 1 as an eigenvalue is $(1+C_{p-1})/p$, where $C_{p-1}$ is a Catalan number. We prove that the only coset space $SU(p)/F$ that admits a $p$-local $H$-structure is the classical Lie group $PSU(p)$. We also show that $SU(4)/\mathbb Z_3$, where $\mathbb Z_3$ is embedded off the center of $SU(4)$, is a novel example of an $H$-space, even globally. We apply our results to the study of homotopy classes of maps from $BF$ to $BSU(n)$.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the Sullivan model in rational homotopy theory to construct two short exact sequences: Hom ( πn+1(X);H (X ) ) E(X ) D n, Hom (πq(X),Q))×E(X ), where G n is a certain subgroup of E (X ).
Abstract: Let X be a simply connected rational CW complex of finite type. Write X [n] for the nth Postnikov section of X. Let E(X ) denote the group of homotopy self-equivalences of X . We use Sullivan models in rational homotopy theory to construct two short exact sequences: Hom ( πn+1(X);H (X ) ) E(X ) D n , Hom ( πn+1(X);H (X ) ) E (X ) G n , where D n is a subgroup of aut(Hom(πq(X);Q))× E(X ) which is defined in terms of the Whitehead exact sequence of X and where G n is a certain subgroup of E (X ). Here E (X ) is the subgroup of those elements inducing the identity on the homotopy groups. Moreover, we give an alternative proof of the Costoya–Viruel theorem [9]: Every finite group occurs as E(X) where X is rational.