TL;DR: Two decades of soil N enrichment appears to have fundamentally altered the soil fungal community of this temperate forest, especially the ectomycorrhizal Russula vinacea, whose relative abundance increased from 10 to 37% of the entire community across N treatments.

TL;DR: This opinion paper summarizes the exploration of new, recently discovered lineages of DMF and their implications for the ecology, evolution, and biogeography of the rapidly growing fungal tree and suggests linking explorative with experimental research to gain deeper insights into the physiology and ecological functioning of zoosporic fungi DMF in aquatic habitats.

TL;DR: Environmental factors, particularly sample depth, oxygen, and nitrate, strongly correlated with the fungal community composition and explained more variance than did geographic distance and highlights potential opportunities for research in marine fungal ecology and biogeography.

TL;DR: These cases show that despite the current advanced state of globalisation, severe pathogens are still spreading and some may currently be excluded by geographic barriers, hence biosecurity still has potential to mitigate spread of undiscovered and unpredictable pathogens of wildlife.

TL;DR: The results indicate that coarse deadwood represents a highly diverse substratum in terms of the quality, fungal biomass content and, in particular, the composition of fungal communities whose properties change with time.

TL;DR: There is a great opportunity to monitor changes in freshwater fungi communities along latitudinal (north to south) and habitat gradients (from human disturbed to natural habitats), and study ecological thresholds and consequences of such changes, particularly its feedback on nutrient and carbon cycles in freshwater systems.

TL;DR: Aquatic hyphomycetes have adapted to running waters by their uncommon conidial shape, which facilitates dispersal as well as adherence to plant substrata, but have been early and regularly reported to occur in a variety of environments other than their preferred habitat.

TL;DR: This review compiles information currently available on aquatic fungi and the role of stoichiometric constraints in fungal ecology to show that elemental ratios of fungal biomass vary widely, with ranges exceeding those found for bacteria.

TL;DR: It is concluded that zoosporic parasites are much more abundant in marine ecosystems than the available literature reports, and that, at present, both the diversity and the prevalence of such pathogens are underestimated.

TL;DR: Trends in research on species- and community-level AMF diversity patterns are reviewed and ways of improving the complementarity of these approaches are identified to maximise the understanding of AMF are proposed.

TL;DR: The occurrence of fungi in 100 tap water and 16 groundwater samples from Slovenia is described and it appears that they are transferred with water to dishwashers and washing machines, where they subsequently proliferate.

TL;DR: This review compares the taxonomy, life cycle, host range, infection strategies, and ecological roles of species of Parvilucifera, Amoebophrya and Dinomyces which are parasites of dinoflagellates.

TL;DR: Olive tree endophyte community structure is affected by plant organ, location and season, and species composition varied spatially, with the fungal composition of the roots varying more among locations than that of the aboveground organs.

TL;DR: Fungi are major players in most ecosystems and are increasingly affected by human impacts, and changing land use, eutrophication/pollution and climate change are among the major factors that affect diversity and ecological functions of aquatic hyphomycetes.

TL;DR: Grapevine wood hosts diverse fungal species, including pathogens that cause grapevine trunk diseases and wood decomposers, with detrimental effects on yields, but greater levels of wood necrosis may be due to the composition of the fungal community rather than to a greater diversity of taxa.

TL;DR: Interpreting patterns in the diversity and distributions of ericoid mycorrhizal fungi will ultimately require improved understanding of their functional ecology and functional diversity, which is currently limited to a few well studied species.

TL;DR: This discussion will specifically focus on fungal dynamics occurring on plant litter in forested headwater streams and emergent freshwater marshes, since published data concerning their role in these systems is considerably more abundant in comparison to other freshwater habitats.

TL;DR: The mutualist of Ambrosiodmus/Ambrosiophilus, the polypore Flavodon ambrosius, is superior in lignocellulolytic capacity compared to Ascomycota ambrosia fungi and other white rot Basidiomycota.

TL;DR: Investigation of the fungal community structure of 117 Fagus sylvatica logs in relation to wood physico-chemical properties and secreted ligninolytic enzymes across three distinct geographical regions of Germany revealed that fungalCommunity structure was similar across different regions, but was nevertheless variable in all regions.

TL;DR: Interactions between eight wood decay fungi were performed in beech (Fagus sylvatica) wood at seven temperatures, and in soil microcosms and wood that had been pre-colonised for different lengths of time, underlining the importance of stochastic factors in fungal community succession.

TL;DR: Variation in both AMF richness and identity was often as great within as between plant species, suggesting that plant species identity may be less important for structuring local AMF communities than other factors, such as environmental conditions, fungal interactions or even stochastic distributions of AMF.

TL;DR: This data sequences 177 fungal cultures in driftwood from Iceland, Greenland and the Siberian Lena Delta to provide unique insight into the diversity of colonizing and decaying fungi at the interface of extremely cold terrestrial and marine environments.

TL;DR: Examination of the relative importance of stand and dead wood types for wood-dependent lichens in two managed boreal forest landscapes in Sweden found 20 species and modelled their abundance based on stand type and dead Wood characteristics using hierarchical Bayesian models or point estimates.

TL;DR: A positive relationship between priming response (with 12 h memory phase) and growth rate is found, and the differential ability to be primed in co-occurring isolates may have direct consequences for fungal communities and coexistence in soil.

TL;DR: The AM fungal communities colonizing the new island appeared to be a non-random subset of communities on the natural and much older neighboring island, which points to high colonization potential of certain – probably early successional – mycorrhizal fungi, likely assisted by migratory birds.

TL;DR: While competitive fungi outcompeted less competitive fungi, the intensity of this effect depended on the quality of the host, with the strongest differences found on low-quality hosts.

TL;DR: High-throughput sequencing showed significant differences in the fungal communities in the different forests, and in one forest, tree diversity effects were observed, though this was not a general phenomenon.

TL;DR: Morphological and ITS sequence study confirmed that species of Pestalotiopsis are generalist endophytes infecting taxonomically unrelated tree hosts and a single tree species harboured more than one species of this endophyte.