TL;DR: A total of eleven fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were identified in rocket seed oil biodiesel (RSOB) by the retention time and the fragmentation pattern data of GC/MS analysis as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, an experimental investigation was performed to study the influence of dual-fuel combustion characteristics on the exhaust emissions and combustion performance in a diesel engine fueled with biogas-biodiesel dual fuel.

TL;DR: In this article, an annular die pellet mill was used for barley straw pellet production in a semi-industrial scale to measure the die temperature and control the straw moisture at the die inlet.

TL;DR: In this article, various gasification technologies/gasifiers and syngas cleaning options are critically reviewed keeping in view various types of feedstocks and various downstream applications of synggas such as power generation, chemicals and hydrogen production, liquid fuels production and synthetic natural gas (SNG) production.

TL;DR: In this paper, a mixture of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyethylenes terephthalate (PET), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has been pyrolysed in a 3.5-dm 3 semi-batch reactor at 500°C for 30 min.

TL;DR: In this paper, a CaO-MgO mixed oxide catalyst was employed in transesterification of non-edible Jatropha curcas plant oil in biodiesel production.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the thermochemical liquefaction characteristics of Spirulina, a kind of high-protein microalgae, with the sub- and supercritical ethanol as solvent in a 1000mL autoclave.

TL;DR: An alternative fuel production was performed by pyrolysis of waste vehicle tires under nitrogen (N2) environment and with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) as catalyst.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of alkali and alkaline earth metals such as potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) on CO 2 gasification reactivity of Japanese cypress (hinoki) char under various temperatures (1123-1223 K) and CO 2 concentration (20-80 V%) were studied using thermal gravimetric analysis.

TL;DR: The authors examines the utility of coal models and reviews the existing and emerging opportunities for coal models to contribute to coals effective utilization via demystification of the structure-behavior relationship.

TL;DR: In this paper, a series of Keggin-type POM-based ionic liquids hybrid materials [MIMPS] 3 PW 12 O 40 ·2H 2 O (1-(3-sulfonic group) propyl-3-methyl imidazolium phosphotungstate), [Bmim] 3 PMo 12 O 2 O(1-butyl 3-methyl impidazolate ionic liquid) phosphomolybdate, and [Mim] 4 SiW 12 O 4 O 2 /DBT (4,

TL;DR: In this article, a series of mesoporous molecular sieves SBA-15 supported Ni-Mo bimetallic catalysts (xMo1Ni, Ni= 12 ¼wt.%, Mo/Ni atomic ratio ǫ = 0.5, 0.3,0.7) were prepared using co-impregnation method for carbon dioxide reforming of methane.

TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of minerals in co-firing applications in existing and developing systems, as well as their environmental impact upon recycling to soils, were investigated using a combination of techniques such as X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, ultraviolet and visible spectrograms, inductive coupled plasma spectrography, Xray diffractometry, differential thermal analysis and fusibility analysis to characterize various biomass and coal ashes and their blends.

TL;DR: In this paper, pyrolysis and combustion behavior of indigenous lignite, olive residue and their 50/50wt.% blend in air and oxy-fuel conditions were investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser (TGA) combined with Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer.

TL;DR: In this paper, a techno-economic analysis of several process systems to convert coal and natural gas to electricity, methanol, diesel, and gasoline is presented, and a new strategy is proposed in which natural gas reforming is used to cool the gasifier, rather than steam generation.

TL;DR: In this article, the drying characteristics of low rank coals in a local microwave oven operating at 2.45 GHz were investigated and the effects of coal particle size, microwave power level, and coal sample size on drying characteristics were studied.

TL;DR: In this paper, the use of safflower oil biodiesel has been shown to have beneficial effects both in terms of emission reductions and alternative petroleum diesel fuel, and significant reductions were recorded in PM and smoke emissions.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors performed a benchmarking study to predict the infinite dilution activity coefficients of thiophene in ionic liquids and found that the selectivities decreased in the following order: benzothiophene (4−24) > benzothophenes (2−12)> dibenzothiophemes (1−7) > dibensothiophenes(1−6) > thiophee (1 −7).

TL;DR: In this paper, the results of kinetics study of acid base catalyzed two-step transesterification process of waste cooking oil, carried out at pre-determined optimum temperature of 65°C and 50°C under the optimum condition of methanol to oil ratio of 3:7 (v/v), catalyst concentration 1%(w/w) for H2SO4 and NaOH and 400-rpm of stirring.

TL;DR: In this article, the techniques of ash removal from Mountain Pine Beetle (MPB) killed pine bark and switchgrass were examined systematically, and the results showed that leaching by water and four dilute acid solutions was effective in removing most of ash from both biomass samples.

TL;DR: In this paper, the optimum conditions for biodiesel production were obtained when using methanol to oil molar ratio of 61:1, 068-wt% of sulfuric acid, at 51°C with a reaction time of 60min in the first step, followed by using molar ratios of methanolate to product from the first stage of 91:1 1/1, 1/wt% KOH, at 55°C.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared different alternative processes for producing biodiesel from both the point of view of life cycle and economic analysis, and concluded that the best alternative was the process of alkaline catalysis with acid pre-treatment for waste cooking oil.

TL;DR: In this paper, the main restrictions are imposed by lubricity and cetane number, and, in case of cold regions, also by cold flow properties, and the results obtained show that the most restrictive ones are due to the lubrication properties and the cold flow property.

TL;DR: In this article, a sequential stage physico-chemical refining of crude glycerol, derived from a waste used-oil utilizing biodiesel (methyl ester) production plant, was performed by acidification, polar solvent extraction and activated carbon adsorption at a laboratory scale and ambient temperature.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the gasification process step which converts a biomass derived intermediate called slurry into synthesis gas (syngas) for subsequent synthesis of fuel and chemicals.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the environmental impact from the production of bio-fuels whose origin is the oil obtained from sunflower, rapeseed and soybeans, and found a significant impact on the drying and preparation processes of the seed as well as the crude soybean oil extracting process.

TL;DR: In this paper, the catalytic activity of dolomite was evaluated for the transesterification of canola oil with methanol to biodiesel in a heterogeneous system.

TL;DR: In this article, the influence of microwave pretreatment on the grindability of high-ash Indian coal was investigated and the results showed that the rates of breakage of both microwave untreated and treated coal samples were dependent on particle size.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors assessed the oxidative stability of biodiesel B100, made from soybeans, in the presence of three synthetic antioxidants, butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), terbutylhydroquinone (TBHQ), pure or in mixture, from the simplex-centroid design.