TL;DR: A review of the processes developed for the production of SNG from coal during the sixties and seventies and the recent developments for SNG production from coal and from dry biomass can be found in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined fast pyrolysis of corn stover to bio-oil with subsequent upgrading of the biooil to naphtha and diesel range fuels.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper proposed a new NMR-based per-meability model that better estimates the permeability of coals, which has potential applications for NMR well logging in coalbed methane exploration.

TL;DR: In this paper, the performance, emission and combustion of a diesel engine using neat rapeseed oil and its blends of 5, 20% and 70%, and standard diesel fuel separately were investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, the conditions for producing high quality, low molecular weight bio-crude from microalgae and cyanobacteria containing low lipid contents including Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina were investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the literature on transesterification reaction using homogeneous, heterogeneous and enzyme catalysts for bio-diesel and employed ultrasound, microwave and supercritical alcohol techniques.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared several process technologies for the production of ethanol from lignocellulosic material, based on a 5- to 8-year time frame for implementation.

TL;DR: A comprehensive overview of the technologies and science of carbon capture and storage (CCS), including a brief description of the key aspects of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) transport and subsequent trapping, is presented in this article.

TL;DR: In this paper, the suitability of fly ash stock piles for geopolymer manufacturing was studied and the results of chemical analyses, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and particle size distribution (PSD) of five sources of coal-fired power generating plants in the US are presented.

TL;DR: In this paper, different methods of reducing the viscosity of heavy crude oil to enhance the flow properties were investigated using RheoStress RS100 from Haake, and the results showed that the blending of the heavy crude oils with a limited amount of lighter crude oils provided better performance than the other alternatives.

TL;DR: In this article, an experimental study is performed to investigate effects of moisture on gas sorption rate for an Australian coal, where coal seam gases, CH 4 and CO 2, are used in the study.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared capital and operating cost for six near-term biomass-to-liquid fuels technology scenarios representing three conversion platforms: pyrolysis, gasification, and biochemical.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of important reaction variables on the production of biodiesel from non-edible microalgae lipids, using the acid-catalysed in situ transesterification process was described.

TL;DR: In this paper, the normal consistency, setting time, workability and compressive strength results of Portland cement-fly ash-silica fume systems were reported, and the results showed that water requirement for normal consistency was found to increase with increasing SF content while a decrease in initial setting time was found.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of methanol-diesel (M5, M10) and ethanol-diesels (E5, E10) fuel blends on the performance and exhaust emissions of a single cylinder, four-stroke, direct injection, naturally aspirated diesel engine was experimentally investigated.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared capital and production costs of two biomass-to-liquid production plants based on gasification utilizing 2000 dry Mg per day of corn stover.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an overview of oxygenates as components of diesel fuels and process technology for their production. And a particularly favorable route for their large scale production in which they are formed from methylal and trioxane is proposed and a feasible concept for this process is presented together with data on the reaction equilibrium.

TL;DR: In this paper, a single-cylinder cooperative fuels research engine (CFR) with variable compression ratio manufactured by Waukesha Engine Company is used to provide air control and port fuel injection.

TL;DR: In this article, an experimental investigation has been conducted to examine the effects of the total air-fuel ratio on the efficiency and pollutant emissions of a high speed, compression ignition engine located at the authors' laboratory, where liquid diesel fuel is partially substituted by natural gas in various proportions, with the natural gas fumigated into the intake air.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed different approaches adopted in estimating the deportment of trace elements in coal and discussed control strategies for reducing emissions and future directions, and the typical emissions from typical power stations.

TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of the diesel fuel n-butanol content on the performance and emissions of a heavy duty direct injection diesel engine with multi-injection capability was investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, a one-dimensional, time-dependent particle model was proposed to simulate the rapid pyrolysis process of wood particles with different shapes, including disc/flake-like, cylindrical/cylinder-like and equant (nearly spherical) shapes.

TL;DR: In this paper, pine cone was co-pyrolyzed with synthetic polymers (PE, PP and PS) in order to investigate the effect of biomass and plastic nature on the product yields and quality of pyrolysis oils and chars.

TL;DR: In this article, an experimental investigation of the pulverisation behavior of two torrefied energy crops, namely: willow and Miscanthus, was presented, and two sets of results were obtained.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of ethanol and methanol-gasoline fuel blends on the performance and combustion characteristics of a spark ignition (SI) engine were investigated on a chassis dynamometer while running the vehicle at two different vehicle speeds (80km/h and 100 km/h).

TL;DR: In this article, the performance and emissions of a production 1.0-l, eight-valve, and four-stroke engine fuelled by hydrous ethanol (6.8% water content in ethanol) or 78% gasoline-22% ethanol blend were compared.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide an overview on recent advances in catalysts for hot-gas removal of tar and ammonia from biomass gasification, focusing on the recent development and applications of dolomite catalysts, iron-based catalysts and other metal supported catalysts.

TL;DR: In this article, the ultrasonic assisted transesterification of palm oil in the presence of alkaline earth metal oxide catalysts (CaO, SrO and BaO) was investigated.

TL;DR: In this article, single and double chamber microbial fuel cells (MFCs) were tested in batch mode at different temperatures ranging from 4 to 35°C; results were analyzed in terms of efficiency in soluble organic matter removal and capability of energy generation.