Abstract: Black point of wheat is a disease complex resulting from the attack of various field fungi. Various types of symptoms appear on affected wheat kernels. The symptoms of various types of discolourations of affected kernels may be visualized. The prominent discolouration occurs when the fungal complex attack at milking stage of the crop or other successive phases of crop maturity (dough, physiological maturity and harvesting). High relative humidity, intermittent rains and relatively higher temperature at anthesis favour the expression of symptoms. It has also been observed that delayed irrigation practised to utilize the residual soil moisture facilitates the infection and symptom expression. It was also recorded that consequent upon the late season/delayed irrigation coupled with high wind velocity, lodging took place resulting in increase in severity of black point disease. The fungi isolated from discoloured kernels were Drechslera sorokiniana (Cochliobolus sativus), Alternaria tenuis (Alternaria alternata) and exceptionally the Curvularia lunata. Single spray of propiconazole @ 0.10% at boot leaf stage, which was done primarily for the management of Karnal bunt of wheat, proved most effective against both the diseases i. e. Karnal bunt as well as black point compared to unsprayed plot.

Abstract: A field experiment was carried out at College Agronomy Farm, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat on loamy sand soil during summer season of 2012 to study the effect of integrated nitrogen management under different crop establishment methods of pearl millet under middle Gujarat conditions. Data revealed that among different crop establishment methods sowing of pearl millet by using pair row transplanting method recorded significantly higher number of effective tillers/m row length, length of earhead and significantly the highest dry matter accumulation/plant, grain and straw yields and among different nitrogen management treatments application of 50% RDN+25% FYM+25% castor cake+Azospirillum+PSB produced significantly higher values of number of effective tillers/metre row length, length of earhead and straw yield and significantly the highest dry matter accumulation and grain yield of pearl millet. Further soil analysis data revealed that application of 50% RDN+25% FYM+25% castor cake+Azospirillum+PSB recorded significantly the highest protein content in grain (%), organic carbon content (%), total nitrogen (%) and significantly higher available phosphorus and available potash in soil. From economic point of view, sowing of pearl millet by pair row transplanting method and application of 50% RDN+25% FYM+25% castor cake+Azospirillum+PSB recorded significantly higher net realization of Rs. 34359 and 36026/ha, respectively.

Abstract: Three different application methods of Trichoderma harzianum viz., seed treatment, soil application and combination with fungicides were against wilt disease of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Among the different seed treatment methods (bio-priming during and after imbibitions, seed coating, wheat bran based (WBB) and talc based formulations, tested maximum seed germination (78.33%) and disease control (66.53%) were observed in bio-priming during imbibitions. Among the delivery of different formulations (bagasse+T. harzianum 10 and 5%, WBB, talc based, farm yard manure based) of T. harzianum in soil significantly lowered disease incidence (17.67%) and maximum disease control (77.82%) was recorded in WBB formulation which was statistically at par with bagasse+T. harzianum 10% (20.00 and 74.89%). Among combination treatments, a combination of FYM+T. harzianum 50 g/ kg (SA)+carbendazim 2 g/kg (ST) proved superior to higher germination (84.33%) and disease control (86.60%).

Abstract: Two hundred GPS based surface soil samples, taken from a soil depth of 0-15 cm from all 15 blocks of district Agra, Uttar Pradesh covering a distance of 5 km each, were collected during April and May 2010. The available S, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn and B were analyzed in the collected soil samples. The results indicated that all the blocks showed the deficiencies of S, Zn and B to the extent of 17 to 33%, 14 to 50% and 14 to 33%, respectively. Striking the block Pinahat (66%) and Fatehpur Sikri (33%) were deficient with available iron. Considering the Agra district as a whole, the deficiencies of S, Zn, B and Fe were 25.0, 34.0, 24.0 and 9.50%, respectively. No deficiencies of Cu and Mn were observed under study.

Abstract: Thyme, one of the most important spices, is used all over the world, and includes many species. One of the most important commercially grown species is Thymus vulgaris L., which is endemic to the Mediterranean area. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of foliar Cu2+, Mn2+, Fe2+ and Zn2+ applications on shoot dry and fresh matter, root dry and fresh matter, height, number of stems per plant, essence percentage, carvacrol and thymol percentage in essential oil content of Thyme. Three treatments (0, 200 and 400 ppm) were used, and the experiment was repeated at two growth periods (2012 and 2013) in south-western Iran in a sandy clay soil. Cu2+, Mn2+, Fe2+ and Zn2+ applications affected plant height as the plants were shorter in the control treatment. Also, Cu2+, Mn2+, Fe2+ and Zn2+ applications increased the number of stems per plant, shoot dry and fresh matter, root dry and fresh matter, height, number of stems per plant and essence percentage. Applying 200 ppm of Cu2+, Mn2+, Fe2+ and Zn2+ made significant produced essence level in this investigation that was related to carvacrol production and the minimum one was related to thymol by a control treatment that was in similar group by concentration of 400 ppm of Cu2+, Mn2+, Fe2+ and Zn2+. Dry matter yield also increased about 100% with Cu2+, Mn2+, Fe2+ and Zn2+ during the 2-year study. In addition, Cu2+, Mn2+, Fe2+ and Zn2+ applications affected the essential oil yield. These results showed that applications of micronutrients could affect the growth and yield of Thyme, especially when the plant was grown in alkaline soils, and in this the 200 ppm concentrations of micronutrients were the best. Perhaps, the physiological basis of this effect was immobilization of micronutrients in this soil.

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted during rabi 2011-12 to study the effect of plant growth regulation and sowing time on growth and yield of kabuli gram. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with four replications. The main plots comprised three dates of sowing i. e. October 10, October 25 and November 10. The growth regulation practices viz., detopping, mepiquat chloride (MC) @ 250 ppm and MC @ 500 ppm applied as foliar spray at 40 and 70 days after sowing (DAS) along with unsprayed control were kept in sub-plots. November 10 sown crop produced significantly higher dry matter (39.5 g/plant), more number of primary (5.3) and secondary (17.3) branches, flowers (88.6) and pods (55) per plant, and grain yield (21.1 q/ha) than October 10 and October 25 sown crop. MC @ 500 ppm applied at 70 DAS produced significantly higher grain yield (18.13 q/ha) which was statistically at par with MC @ 500 ppm (17.47 q/ha) applied at 40 DAS. Detopping failed to influence the seed yield significantly over control. Higher concentration of MC significantly increased the number of branches, flowers and pods per plant than its lower concentration and detopping. Foliar application of MC significantly increased the total chlorophyll and chlorophyll ‘a’ content.

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2012 to study the influence of different levels of nitrogen and plant densities on growth and yield parameters of maize. Taller plants were produced by 200 kg N/ha which was statistically at par with the other two treatments of 150 and 250 kg N/ha. Progressive increase in LAI and dry matter production (g/m 2 ) and yield attributes like cob weight (9492 kg/ha), cob girth (14.90 cm), number of rows per cob (14.21), number of grains per row (34.38) and 100-grain weight (30.61 g) was observed due to increased nitrogen levels from 150 to 250 kg/ha and highest cob length (17.82 cm) and shelling percentage (64.79%) were recorded at 200 kg N/ha. Application of 250 kg N/ha produced higher grain and stover yields and also higher net returns than other levels (150 and 200 kg N/ha) but net returns were comparable with 200 kg N/ha. Growth parameters were inconsistent with different spacings. The highest plant height was recorded at a spacing of 75 x 20 cm, maximum leaf area index was recorded at 45 x 20 cm and dry matter production was higher at 60 x 15 cm. However, with regard to yield parameters higher cob yield, grain yield and net returns were obtained at a spacing of 75 x 15 cm.

Abstract: Metabolomics is an important platform for studying stress in plants We can qualify and quantify the metabolites of plants with environment stress using modern analytical techniques It reveals their functions in stress response and enhances understanding of metabolism mechanisms to stresses Recent progress in this area was reviewed and the major obstacles and research field to be enhanced were accounted

Abstract: Basing on the overview of techniques and objectives for male parent population cultivation and the trend of mechanization in hybrid rice seed production,the prospects of the mechanized seed production techniques in the male parent population cultivation of the hybrid rice production is proposed

Abstract: Field experiment was conducted at Kolhapur, Maharashtra during kharif seasons of 2007-09 to study the effect of different organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on crop yield of finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) and soil properties. The results revealed that, on Entisols of sub-montane zone of Maharashtra, application of recommended dose of chemical fertilizers (60 : 30 NP kg/ha) recorded the highest grain and biological yield (2.92 and 4.07 t/ha) and B : C ratio (1.34).

Abstract: An investigation was carried out for analysis of correlation coefficient and path coefficients in 44 genotypes of bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.] during summer season of 2010. Correlation computed between fruit yield and its components indicated a positive and significant correlation of fruit yield with primary branches per plant, fruit length, number of fruits per plant and total sugar content. Whereas days to opening of first male flower and first female flowering node showed significant and negative correlation with fruit yield. Path coefficient analysis clearly indicated that due emphasis should be given on the characters like days to open first female flower, fruit weight, primary branches per plant and number of fruits per plant for improving the yield of bottle gourd.

Abstract: A field experiment was undertaken to study the nutrient uptake in pearl milletwheat cropping system influenced by various fertilizer levels applied through organic and inorganic sources. The investigation was carried out at CCS Haryana Agricutural University, Hisar consisting of 12 treatments laid out in randomized block design during 2009-10. The findings showed that integrated nutrient supply had beneficial effect on yield and enhanced the microbes’ counts and establishment of soil.

Abstract: An experiment was conducted to study the effect of liquid bio-nutrients along with inorganic fertilizers on yield, quality and uptake of nutrients by summer cowpea at Agronomy Instructional Farm, Chimanbhai Patel College of Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar during summer 2012. The results of experiment showed that foliar spray of Panchgavya @ 6% at flowering+soil application of Jivamrut @ 500 l/ha at 20 DAS along with 75% RDF proved superior and registered significantly higher seed yield, stover yield, root nodules per plant as well as quality attributes viz., protein content and chlorophyll index of cowpea leaves. It also improved N and P content in seeds and stover and total uptake of N and P by summer cowpea.

Abstract: In order to evaluate the use of potash fertilizer and amino acids on the yield and yield components of maize, a factorial experiment based on complete block design with three replications in 2013 in Research Farm of College of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen Branch in Damavand was conducted. The first factor, potassium fertilizer was investigated in four levels of non-application (control), application of potassium sulphate, application of nano potassium fertilizer and combined application of potassium sulphate and nano potassium fertilizer; the second factor, amino acid was investigated in three levels of non-application of amino acid (control), foliar application of amino acid and amino acid water-soluble application. The investigated traits were number of ears per plant, number of grains per row, number of grains per ear, number of rows per ear, biological yield and grain yield, respectively. Results showed that the effect of potash fertilizer and amino acid had significant effects on the investigated attributes. Mean comparison showed that the solution of the amino acid with the combined application of potassium sulfate and potassium nano fertilizer had greatest impact on the grain yield.

Abstract: Inoculation effect of two biofertilizers with different doses of chemical fertilizers on growth and development of Malaysian commercial rice variety MR 219 was evaluated through a pot experiment at plant house, University Putra, Malaysia during June to October 2012. A total of eight treatments were used in this study which were T1–Control, T2–NPK fertilizer, T3–Bacillus sphaericus (UPMB 10), T4–Pseudomonas spp., T5–Half strength of NPK fertilizer+UPMB 10, T6–Half strength of NPK fertilizer+Pseudomonas spp., T7–NPK fertilizer+UPMB 10+Pseudomonas and T8–Half strength of NPK fertilizer+UPMB 10+Pseudomonas spp. Treatment T8 which was a combination of half strength of chemical fertilizer and biofertilizer emerged as the most promising strategy boost up growth parameters of rice variety MR 219. Both of these bioinoculants markedly enhanced rice shoot biomass, leaf chlorophyll content, N, P, K, Ca and Mg content. The present study indicated that biofertilizer was beneficial to rice cultivation under limited inorganic fertilizer inputs. Thus, the bacterial strains, B. sphaericus and Pseudomonas spp. could be used as bioenhancer for growth of MR 219 rice variety as well as a 50% chemical fertilizer could be saved by the utilization of these strains.

Abstract: This study used the male sterility lines Y58S,Ke8S and Chuang5S as the materials to study the character of early growth and quick development of genic male sterility lines The results showed that,the character of early growth and quick development of Ke8S and Chuang 5S was better than that of Y58S,which behaved in the fast growth of tiller and leaf age The character of early growth and quick development behave well,tillering early and fast,having enough number of ultimate effective panicles and higher biomass accumulation; Ke8S and Chuang5S have the superiority in effective panicles,spikelets per plant and 1000-grain weight than Y58S,which contribute to form large sink size In the period of full heading date,Ke8S and Chuang5S are well than Y58S in the green leaf number,top three leaves area and leaf area per plant,but lower in Photosynthesis Ke8S and Chuang5S are good germplasm resources,which will have higher opportunity bred new hybrid combination with wide adaptability,high and stable yield

Abstract: Flowering is very important in the development of plants,and the photoperiod is a main environmental factor affecting plant flowering. The E3 ubiquitin ligases plays an important role in regulation of photoperiod dependent flowering. Some of the components in photoperiod regulated flowering pathway are the targets of E3 ubiquitin ligase,which could be degraded by E3 ubiquitin ligase-mediated pathway to regulate flowering through affecting photoperiod signal. Here,we review the function and molecular mechanism of Arabidopsis E3 ubiquitin ligases in flowering pathway in regulating photoperiod dependent flowering.

Abstract: Drought stress is one of the major limitations to plant productivity across the world. Identifying appropriate selection tools can facilitate the breeding of plants for drought tolerance. In the present study, relative water content (RWC), excised leaf water retention (ELWR), leaf water content (LWC), relative water lose (RWL), moisture retention capacity (MRC), leaf chlorophyll content and leaf prolin content were used as physiological parameters for the study of 20 spring safflower genotypes under drought- stressed and normal conditions in the research field of Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch, in 2012. The experiment was a split-plot on the basis of a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. It was found that drought stress significantly decreased relative water content and leaf water content. These traits were accompanied with a great loss of yield in sensitive genotypes. The highest amounts of chlorophyll content, prolin accumulation, ELWR and RWC were observed in Afghanistan, Shiraz, Afghanistan, Marand and Paraguay genotypes, respectively. On the other hand, the lowest amount of prolin accumulation, ELWR and RWC were obtained through Paraguay, Saffire and Afghanistan genotypes, respectively. It seems that Afghanistan genotype was more capable of being cultivated in regions experiencing water deficiency. Overall Proline accumulation (along with the accumulation of glucose and potassium), higher chlorophyll content and relative water content can be used as selection criteria in drought stress conditions.

Abstract: The differentiation and development of tassel and its characters related closely to the yield of maize. Based on the relevant home and abroad research,the synchronous relation between differentiation and development of tassel of maize and external organisms,the factors affecting the differentiation and development of tassel of maize,the dynamic changes of physiologically active substances in process of differentiation and development of tassel of maize had been briefly reviewed, the method of applying the leaf number index of maize to forecast the process of differentiation and development of tassel had been explained,which provided some theoretical basis for indexing management of production of maize. At the same time,the research on the differentiation and development of tassel was prospected,and the problems to be solved were put forward.

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted during rabi season of the year 2011-12 to study the response of direct-seeded rabi fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) to varying levels of nitrogen and phosphorus. There was a significant effect of nitrogen and phosphorus levels on plant height, number of branches per plant, number of umbels per plant, umbellates per umbel, seeds per umbel, test weight, stover yield and seed yield. Significantly the highest seed yield (18.67 q/ha) was recorded under 120 kg N/ha (N 3 ) which was at par with 90 kg N/ha (N2). Application of phosphorus at 60 kg P2O5/ha (P2) registered significantly the highest seed yield and found at par with 30 kg P 2 O 5 /ha (P 1 ).

Abstract: An experiment was conducted in the Organic Farm of the Department of Organic Agriculture, CSK HPKV, Palampur during the year 2010-11 on 26 genotypes of wheat grown under two environments i. e. organic input conditions and non-organic input conditions to find out the most important traits for selection under organic input condition. Grain filling period, grain weight/spike, grains/spike, plant height, biological yield and harvest index showed high heritability and high genetic advance under organic input conditions. Significant positive correlations of seed yield with tillers/plant, grains/spike, biological yield and harvest index were observed under organic conditions. Traits like spikes/plant and 1000-grain weight which showed positive association with yield under non-organic input conditions were found to be non-significant under organic conditions.

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2009-10 to study the assessment of SWI techniques with varying nitrogen levels for improving yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L) Effect of four spacings (S1 : 10 x 20 cm, S2 : 15 x 20 cm, S3 : 20 x 20 cm and S4 : 225 cm line sowing) was studied on three levels of nitrogen (N1 : 100 kg N/ha, N2 : 125 kg N/ha and N3 : 150 kg N/ha) The maximum growth, yield attributing characters, grain yield (4,204 kg/ha), straw yield (6,111 kg/ha), grain protein content, available soil nutrients after harvest and net returns (Rs 35,373/ha) with CBR of 295 were obtained from 20 x 20 cm cross sowing technique Different levels of nitrogen significantly influenced growth, yield attributing characters, yield, grain protein content and available soil nutrients after harvest The highest grain yield (4,126 kg/ha), straw yield (6,135 kg/ha) and net returns of Rs 33,791/ha with CBR 280 were recorded from 150 kg N/ha The interaction effects of spacings and nitrogen levels were significant in respect of straw yield and protein content Highest straw yield (6,765 kg/ha) was obtained at 20 x 20 cm spacing using 150 kg N/ha with net returns of Rs 38,345/ha

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2013 at Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana to investigate the effect of plant spacings and nitrogen levels on growth and yield in hybrid rice SVH 005 under transplanting conditions. The results showed that plant height, panicle length, grains/panicle, 1000-grain weight, straw yield and nitrogen uptake were not significantly influenced by different plant spacings and nitrogen levels. The effect of plant spacings and nitrogen levels was significant on effective tillers/m2, days taken to panicle emergence and grain yield. Highest grain yield (92.1 q/ha) was recorded when 100 kg N/ha was applied at 20 x 10 cm spacing which was statistically at par with 125 and 150 kg N/ha at 20 x 10 cm spacing but significantly better than all other treatment combinations. Closer spacings of 20 x 10 cm also took less number of days to panicle emergence as compared to wider spacings of 20 x 15 cm and 20 x 20 cm. Transplanting of rice at 20 x 10 cm spacing with application of 100 kg N/ha also recorded highest number of effective tillers/m2, gross returns and net returns as compared to other spacings and nitrogen levels.

Abstract: Oxygen exudation from rice roots plays an important role for rice growth and development. In this review,the principle of oxygen exudation from rice roots,the effects of oxygen exudation from rice roots on growth and development of rice,and the influence factors of oxygen exudation from rice roots were summarized. Recent advances in research on relationships between aerenchyma and oxygen exudation in rice roots were introduced. The existing problems and the further research directions about oxygen exudation from rice roots were discussed.

Abstract: To assess the relationship between rice grain test weight and moisture content under different drying methods, six indica hybrid rice varieties were analyzed for test weight and moisture content. The results showed that rice grain test weight was closely related to moisture content in grain. Rice grain test weight varied with varieties. The highest was the variety of LP5 with the rice grain test weight 552. 8 g / L and the lowest was the variety of LP7 with the rice grain test weight 534. 2 g / L when the rice grain with moisture content of 14. 5% within the same drying method. The rice grain test weight of the same variety was different because of different drying method. The rice grain test weight fell slowly when the rice grain with moisture content from 23% to 17. 5% and increased quickly when the rice grain with moisture content from 17. 5% to 10. 5% and then rose slowly very much with moisture content reduced by natural air drying. The rice grain test weight fell down with moisture content fell down when it dropped from 23% to 14. 5% by intermittent oven drying with the temperature of 45 ~ 50℃. The rice grain test weight trended to steady when the moisture content went below 9% and then increased slowly with moisture content continue to fall. The rice grain was higher by using the method of natural drying than intermittent oven drying when the moisture content was ranged of safety storage moisture( moisture content 14. 5%) of the rice variety. There were linear correlation between rice grain test weight and moisture content when the moisture content was above 10. 5%. The regression equation can be shared when the varieties with close initial test weight but the regression equation was different when the varieties with significant different initial test weight.

Abstract: A field experiment was carried out to find the response of farm yard manure, chemical fertilizer and biofertilizer on mungbean crop at experimental farm of Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra during kharif seasons of 2009 and 2010. The experiment consisted of five treatments and five replications and impact of the treatments was observed on yield and yield parameters of mungbean crop. The application of farm yard manure+chemical fertilizer increased the grain and biological yield of mungbean (38.2 and 50.6% and 44.1 and 43.2%, respectively) in the two years. Seed inoculation with biofertilizer also influenced the yield of mungbean significantly, while combined treatment of biofertilizer+chemical fertilizer increased the grain yield by 58.7 and 67.4%, respectively, in 2009 and 2010.

Abstract: In this article, flour with gradient relative content of high-molecular-weight glutenin sub-units (HMW-GS) is obtained by mixing the flour of transgenic line with completely silent HMW-GS and wild line, with their dough quality measured. The results show that the gluten formation could not be detected when the relative HMW-GS content was less than 16%. If the content of HMW-GS is 16-24%, the soft gluten could be formed, but the gluten with great force could not be detected. When HMW-GS relative content is greater than 48%, some glutenin will form gluten with great force, and some glutenin will form gluten with weak force. The gluten index is always about 92% in 64-100% HMW-GS relative content. The regression analysis indicated that SDS sediment value, development time and tolerance index were related linearly to the HMW-GS content, while the time to breakdown and become stable was exponentially relative.

Abstract: The local BLAST comparison was run based on the ramie transcriptome data that previously obtained with cellulose synthase gene cDNA sequence of high plants as the probe,and a potentially high homologous fragment CL6473 was identified from the database. A pairs of specific primers was designed according to CL6473 to clone this fragments by core sequences PCR amplification and then followed with 3' RACE and 5' RACE from Boehmeria nivea variety Xiangzu No. 3. A whole length cDNA was cloned that identity as a novel cellulose synthase gene cDNA,named as BnCesA4. The full- length of BnCesA4 is 4 008 bp,and encodes a putative 1 090 amino acids protein. The cloned cDNA sequences were confirmed as ramie synthase genes by online BLAST and analysis of its conserved domains. The BnCesA4 expression in phloem and core stick tissues of ramie stems in four representative cultivars,Xiangzu 3,Xiangzu 1,Xiangtaidayebai and Chengbuqingma were quantitated by qRT- PCR. The results showed that the BnCesA4 was both actively expressed in the phloem and core stick of ramie stems in the four different cultivars of ramie. The expression of BnCesA4 was in a closing level in the two organs as well.

Abstract: An investigation was carried out at Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Titabor and Instructional-cum-Research Farm, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat during 2011-12 and 2012-13 in boro and sali seasons, respectively, to evaluate local bamboo traps as well as sherman trap against field rodents in rice. The traps were evaluated in different crop growth stages against field rodents in terms of live burrow count (LBC/ ha), trapping index (TI) as well as per cent cut tillers damage. In the present investigation, the performance of bamboo traps in the three growth stages of rice was significantly better than the sherman traps in both the seasons. In boro rice, placement of bamboo traps at maximum tillering, panicle initiation and flowering stage, the LBC/ha was 4.93,10.66 and 17.66, respectively, as compared to sherman traps where the LBC/ha was 5.63,12.33 and 19.66 respectively. The trapping index due to placement of bamboo traps at maximum tillering (2.43), panicle initiation (8.66) and flowering stage (11.06) were recorded, whereas the corresponding values in case of sherman traps were 2.36, 7.33 and 9.53, in the maximum tillering, panicle initiation and flowering stage, respectively. The per cent cut tillers in bamboo traps recorded at maximum tillering stage was 3.46, panicle initiation 6.64 and flowering stage 8.32 and the placement of sherman traps at maximum tillering, panicle initiation and flowering stages recorded were 3.73, 6.93 and 9.30% cut tillers which showed significant variation. The effect of bamboo and sherman traps in terms of LBC/ha,TI and cut tillers damage were similar when applied at the maximum tillering, panicle initiation and flowering stage of sali rice.