Colombia Medica 

Abstract: Gastric cancer ranks fourth in incidence and second in mortality among all cancers worldwide Despite the decrease in incidencein some regions of the world, gastric cancer continues to present a major clinical challenge due to most cases beingdiagnosed in advanced stages with poor prognosis and limited treatment options The development of gastric cancer is acomplex and multi-factored process involving a number of etiological factors and multiple genetic and epigenetic alterationsAmong the predisposing factors are: Helicobacter pylori infection, high salt intake, smoking, and, in a small percentage ofpatients, a family genetic component More than 90% of stomach cancers are adenocarcinomas, which are classified intotwo major histological groups: intestinal and diffuse Intestinal adenocarcinoma is preceded by a sequence of gastric lesionsknown as Correa´s cascade According to the anatomical position, adenocarcinomas are classified as proximal (originatingin the cardia) and distal (originating in the body and antrum) This is a classification that recognizes two different clinicalentities In general, the only possible cure for the disease is resection of the tumor in an early stage for which the identificationand monitoring of at-risk patients play a significant role With the exception of Japan, no effective early detection programsexist Anti-H pylori has been shown to be an effective measure in the prevention of gastric cancer

Abstract: Coronavirus illness 2019 (COVID-19) is an airways infection caused by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) which has been quickly disseminated all over the world, affecting to the general population including women in pregnancy time. As being a recent infection, the evidence that supports the best practices for the management of the infection during pregnancy is limited, and most of the questions have not been completely solved yet. This publication offers general guidelines focused on decision-making people, managers, and health's teams related to pregnant women attention and newborn babies during COVID-19 pandemic. Its purpose is to promote useful interventions to prevent new infections as well as prompt and adequate attention to avoid serious complications or deaths, trying to be adapted to the different contexts in which attention to expectant mothers is provided. Guidelines are set within a well-scientific evidence and available recommendations up to date.

Abstract: La calidad de la investigacion en ciencias de la salud es un aspecto fundamental que los (as) investigadores (as) permanentemente deben garantizar y que los (as) profesionales de los servicios de salud necesitan evaluar antes de utilizar los resultados de los estudios. La calidad de un estudio esta determinada, en buena parte, por el rigor metodologico con que se realizo. Los estandares de calidad para los estudios cuantitativos estan muy definidos y son conocidos universalmente pero este no es el caso para los estudios cualitativos. Sin embargo, existen algunos criterios que permiten evaluar el rigor y la calidad cientifica de los estudios cualitativos y sobre los cuales hay acuerdo parcial. Estos criterios son: la credibilidad, la auditabilidad o confirmabilidad y la transferibilidad o aplicabilidad. La credibilidad se logra cuando los hallazgos del estudio son reconocidos como «reales» o «verdaderos» por las personas que participaron en el estudio y por aquellas que han experimentado o estado en contacto con el fenomeno investigado. La confirmabilidad se refiere a la neutralidad de la interpretacion o analisis de la informacion, que se logra cuando otro (s) investigador (es) puede seguir «la pista» al investigador original y llegar a hallazgos similares. La transferibilidad consiste en la posibilidad de transferir los resultados a otros contextos o grupos

Abstract: Objectives: To assess the validity (convergent and construct) and reliability of the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) among non-disabled adults between 65 to 74 years of age residing in the Andes Mountains of Colombia. Methods: Design: Validation study; Participants: 150 subjects aged 65 to 74 years recruited from elderly associations (day-centers) in Manizales, Colombia. Measurements: The SPPB tests of balance, including time to walk 4 meters and time required to stand from a chair 5 times were administered to all participants. Reliability was analyzed with a 7-day interval between assessments and use of repeated ANOVA testing. Construct validity was assessed using factor analysis and by testing the relationship between SPPB and depressive symptoms, cognitive function, and self rated health (SRH), while the concurrent validity was measured through relationships with mobility limitations and disability in Activities of Daily Living (ADL). ANOVA tests were used to establish these associations. Results: Test-retest reliability of the SPPB was high: 0.87 (CI95%: 0.77-0.96). A one factor solution was found with three SPPB tests. SPPB was related to self-rated health, limitations in walking and climbing steps and to indicators of disability, as well as to cognitive function and depression. There was a graded decrease in the mean SPPB score with increasing disability and poor health. Conclusion: The Spanish version of SPPB is reliable and valid to assess physical performance among older adults from our region. Future studies should establish their clinical applications and explore usage in population studies.