TL;DR: A mechanism is proposed for the dehydration of D-fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in DMSO at 150 degrees C, where the solvent acts as the catalyst.

TL;DR: Using HPLC a fraction of New Zealand manuka honey has been isolated, which gives rise to the non-peroxide antibacterial activity, and this fraction proved to be methylglyoxal, a highly reactive precursor in the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs).

TL;DR: The results indicated that the antimicrobial activities of the acyl thiourea derivatives of chitosan are much better than that of the parent CS.

TL;DR: To support the experimental results, the (1)H and (13)C chemical shifts and the spin-spin coupling constants between the non-hydroxyl protons of alpha- and beta-d-glucopyranose (1a and 1b) were calculated with density functional theory (DFT) methods at the B3LYP/pcJ-2//B3LYp/6-31G(d,p) level of theory.

TL;DR: Results point to the inhibition of alpha-glucosidase as a possible mechanism by which this herb acts as an anti-diabetic agent.

TL;DR: The structures of dextrans produced by Leuconostoc citreum E497 and Weissella confusa E392 were analyzed and found to be more linear than that of L. mesenteroides B512F in the production of linear dextran.

TL;DR: GlycoCT encompasses the capabilities of the heterogeneous landscape of digital encoding schemata in glycomics and is thus a step forward on the way to a unified and broadly accepted sequence format in glycobioinformatics.

TL;DR: This review will first focus on the structure of the oligosaccharidic part of hexofuranosyl conjugates found in natural sources, and original syntheses will be presented, stressing more particularly on the development of chemical and chemo-enzymatic tools for the access to 1,2-trans or 1, 2-cis linkages.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on different types of reactions, including large-scale processes, and discuss some mechanistic aspects which are relevant for technology and present selected details of industrial-scale processing.

TL;DR: The Golgi apparatus is a central hub for both protein and lipid trafficking/sorting and is also a major site for glycosylation in the cell, and recent results indicate that down-regulation of COG function results in the resident Golgi Glycosyltransferases/glycosidases to be mislocalized or degraded.

TL;DR: The results indicated that the chitosan-nylon-6 blended membranes with Ag(+) were antibacterial to both Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria.

TL;DR: It is shown how the three conserved amino acids at the active sites of glucansucrases participate in the polymerization of dextran and related glucans from a single active site by the addition of the D-glucose moiety of sucrose to the reducing-ends of the covalently linked glucan chains in a two catalytic-site, insertion mechanism.

TL;DR: This review discusses a useful chemoenzymatic method that takes advantage of the endoglycosidase-catalyzed transglycosylation to attach an intact oligosaccharide to a polypeptide in a single step, without the need for any protecting groups.

TL;DR: An NMR study of proton chemical shift patterns of known linear alpha-D-glucopyranose di- and trisaccharide structures was carried out, and a 1H NMR structural-reporter-group concept was formulated to function as a tool in the structural analysis of alpha- D- glucans.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the locations of oxidation and physicochemical properties of oxidized starches are affected by the molecular arrangement within starch granules.

TL;DR: This review summarizes the latest developments in the synthesis of C-5 modified sialic acid glycosyl donors and Glycosyl acceptors and their application in the synthesisation of alpha-sialosides.

TL;DR: The results described here represent the first literature report describing the covalent chemical structures of C. difficile cell-surface polysaccharides, of which PS-II appears to be a regular C.difficile antigen.

TL;DR: The synthesized sugar triazoles were evaluated for their antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, where one of the compounds displayed mild antitubcular activity in vitro with MIC 12.5 microg/mL.

TL;DR: In the course of MEL production by Pseudozyma tsukubaensis, an unusual MEL was found that had a different carbohydrate structure from that of conventional MELs, and the configuration of the erythritol moiety was opposite to that of the known MEL.

TL;DR: To account for the nanometer-scale cell surface display feature of bacterial S-layer glycosylation, the neologism 'nanoglycobiology' is coined, which includes structural and biochemical aspects of S- layer glycans as well as molecular data on the machinery underlying the gly cosylation event.

TL;DR: Complete assignment of (1)H and (13)C NMR of six hexagalactopyranuronic acids with varying degree and pattern of methyl esterification is reported.

TL;DR: The degradation behavior of chitosan chains in the synthesis of Au nanoparticles by a 'green' method was investigated in this paper for the first time and the degree of degradation of the chitOSan chains was changed with different reaction temperatures, reactant ratios, and the molecular weights.

TL;DR: D dimethyl squarate seemed to be the most convenient reagent for conversion of carbohydrate derivatives to species amenable for conjugation because it is a crystalline, easy to handle, and commercially available material with very good reactivity.

TL;DR: Kinetic modeling revealed that all the xylooligomers disappeared at a higher rate compared to xylose monomer and the disappearance rate constant increased with DP at all pH, and revealed that the source of water and the material used for the construction of the reactor impactedxylose degradation kinetics.

TL;DR: The research accomplished in the group dealing with the synthesis and the study of the properties of amphiphilic derivatives prepared from sucrose as well as from another very available disaccharide, isomaltulose is described.

TL;DR: Determining the exact nature of N-glycosylation in Caenorhabditis elegans, a nematode worm and genetic model organism, has proved to have been an unexpected challenge in recent years; a wide range of modifications of its N-linked oligosaccharides have been proposed on the basis of structural and genomic analysis.

TL;DR: The results may suggest that the acid-treated MWNTs containing hydroxyl groups interact with the sub-elementary bacterial cellulose fibrils, subsequently interfering with the aggregation and crystallization.

TL;DR: The results of peptide mass mapping showed that three tryptic peptides of the chitosanase were identical to a chitin-binding protein Cbp21 from S. marcescens (GenBank accession number gi58177632) with 63% sequence coverage.

TL;DR: In the majority of cases, tethering to O-2 of a Glycosyl donor ensures formation of a 1,2-cis glycoside after intramolecular glycosylation.