About: Archivaria is an academic journal published by Association of Canadian Archivists. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Archivist & Archival science. It has an ISSN identifier of 0318-6954. Over the lifetime, 1321 publications have been published receiving 9433 citations.
TL;DR: The history of archival thought since the publication of the Dutch Manual a century ago is analyzed in this paper, and it suggests that from this inspiring past a new conceptual paradigm is emerging for the profession.
Abstract: This essay analyzes the history of archival thought since the publication of the Dutch Manual a century ago and suggests that from this inspiring past a new conceptual paradigm is emerging for the profession. Ideas of leading or symbolic thinkers within the European, North American, and Australian archival traditions are considered within the context of their times. The focus is on those theorists able to recognize and articulate radical changes in the nature of records, record-creating organizations, record-keeping systems, record uses, and in the wider cultural, legal, technological, social, and philosophical trends in society, as well as the impact of these changes on archival theory and practice. That articulation forms our collective discourse, the metatext or narrative that animates our professional practice, and from it five broad themes are seen to emerge from the evolution of archives over the last one hundred years. For the future, the trends of the century suggest the need to reconceptualize traditional archival principles from a product-focused to a process-oriented activity, to preserve in the best manner the collective memory of nations and peoples. Prologue: Memory, Archives, and Archival History The history of archival thought in this century reflects the interaction of
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine the dynamics of silence in archives and argue that silences are a manifestation of the actions of the powerful in denying the marginal access to archives and that this has a significant impact on the ability of the marginal groups to form social memory and history.
Abstract: This article examines the dynamics of silence in archives It argues that silences are, in part, the manifestation of the actions of the powerful in denying the marginal access to archives and that this has a significant impact on the ability of the marginal groups to form social memory and history Archivists and researchers can read archives “against the grain” and begin to highlight these silences and give voice to the silenced This, however, may be a difficult and contentious activity and one that should not be entered into lightly The article then examines how silence can be a method used by the marginalized to deny the archives their records as a way to exercise their power over the powerful RESUME Ce texte examine les dynamiques du silence aux archives Il soutient que le silence peut se definir, au moins en partie, comme la manifestation des actes poses par ceux qui detiennent le pouvoir afin d’empecher aux marginaux d’avoir acces aux archives Il affirme que cet enjeu a un impact significatif sur la capacite des groupes marginalises de constituer leur propre memoire et leurs propres histoires sociales Les archivistes et les chercheurs peuvent lire les archives «contre le grain» et ils peuvent commencer a mettre en valeur ces silences et a donner une voix a ceux qu’on a reprimes Cette activite peut toutefois s’averer difficile et contentieuse et on ne peut l’aborder a la legere Cet article examine ensuite comment le silence peut etre une methode favorisee par les groupes marginalises qui refusent de verser leurs documents aux archives comme un moyen d’exercer leur propre pouvoir sur ceux qui detiennent le pouvoir
TL;DR: In this paper, a shift in the theoretical model used by archivists and archival studies scholars to address social justice concerns is proposed, from that based on individual rights to a model based on feminist ethics.
Abstract: Much recent discussion about social justice in archival studies has assumed a legalistic, rights-based framework to delineate the role of records, archives, and archivists in both the violation of human rights and in holding individuals and governments accountable for basic human rights, such as the right to life, privacy, and freedom of expression. Yet decades of feminist scholarship have called into question the universality of a rights-based framework, arguing instead that an ethics of care is a more inclusive and apt model for envisioning and enacting a more just society. This article proposes a shift in the theoretical model used by archivists and archival studies scholars to address social justice concerns – from that based on individual rights to a model based on feminist ethics. In a feminist ethics approach, archivists are seen as caregivers, bound to records creators, subjects, users, and communities through a web of mutual affective responsibility. This article proposes four interrelated shifts in these archival relationships, based on radical empathy. RESUME Une grande partie des discussions recentes dans le domaine des etudes archivistiques au sujet de la justice sociale ont adopte un cadre legaliste axe sur les droits pour definir le role des documents, des centres d’archives et des archivistes tant dans les questions de violations des droits humains que pour tenir les individus et les gouvernements responsables quant aux questions des droits humains de base, tels le droit a la vie, a la vie privee et a la liberte d’expression. Pourtant, depuis des decennies les ecrits scientifiques feministes ont mis en doute l’universalite d’un cadre axe sur les droits, affirmant plutot que l’ethique de la sollicitude est un modele plus inclusif et plus pertinent pour envisager et mettre en place une societe plus juste. Cet article propose le changement du modele theorique dont se servent les archivistes et les specialistes en etudes archivistiques pour repondre aux questions de justice sociale – remplacant celui base sur les droits individuels par celui base sur l’ethique feministe. Dans l’approche d’ethique feministe, les archivistes sont percus comme gardiens responsables, lies aux createurs de documents, aux sujets, aux utilisateurs et aux communautes grâce a un reseau de liens de responsabilites qui sont mutuellement affectifs. Cet article propose quatre changements inter-relies dans ces rapports archivistiques, bases sur une empathie radicale.
TL;DR: In this article, the relevance of post-modern thinking for archival practice is explored, with a focus on much greater transparency and accountability by archivists for the archival function itself and much greater awareness of the diversity, ambiguity and multiple identities of records creators, information systems, and archives users.
Abstract: Postmodern ideas have been dismissed as fashionable nonsense demonstrating academia's arrogant incomprehensibility and equally acclaimed as liberating concepts freeing many disciplines from worn-out traditional constraints. This article explores the relevance of postmodern thinking for archival practice. Postmodern thinkers have discussed for several decades topics close to archivists' concerns, and more recently begun to address directly "the archive" itself as record, institution, and function. This essay looks at the weaknesses and strengths of postmodern analysis, assays some definitions of postmodernism in an archival context, and suggests how postmodern insights might change archivists' daily practice as they work (and live) inescapably in conditions of postmodernity. The principal focus of such changes centres around much greater transparency and accountability by archivists for the archival function itself and much greater awareness of the diversity, ambiguity, and multiple identities of records creators, information systems, and archives users. RESUME Les idees post-modernes ont ete rejetees comme des absurdites a la mode demontrant l'arrogance incomprehensible des universitaires, mais aussi acclamees comme des concepts liberateurs permettant d'affranchir plusieurs disciplines de contraintes traditionnelles usees. Cet article explore la pertinence de la pensee post-moderne pour la pratique archivistique. Les penseurs post-modernes ont discute depuis plusieurs decades de sujets proches des preoccupations archivistiques et, plus recemment, ont commence a aborder directement le concept des "archives" en tant que documents, institutions et fonctions. L'auteur examine dans ce texte les faiblesses et les forces de l'analyse postmoderne, experimente quelques definitions du post-modernisme dans le contexte archivistique et propose des facons dont les idees post-modernes pourraient changer la pratique quotidienne des archivistes qui travaillent (et vivent) inevitablement dans les conditions de la post-modernite. Les changements proposes se concentrent autour d'une plus grande transparence et responsabilisation des archivistes dans le cadre de leurs fonctions archivistiques ainsi que d'une plus grande sensibilisation de la diversite, l'ambigute et aux identites multiples des createurs de documents, des systemes d'information et des utilisateurs.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that traditional practices of appraisal, arrangement, and description can be rearticulated as participatory, community-oriented processes, which can help build culturally relevant records repositories while enabling marginalized communities to share their experiences with a wider public.
Abstract: Archival theory has a long history of utilizing principles designed to preserve contextual value in records. We believe that traditional practices of appraisal, arrangement, and description can be rearticulated as participatory, community-oriented processes. This can enable context to be represented meaningfully in archives of traditionally marginalized communities. We believe this process can help build culturally relevant records repositories while enabling marginalized communities to share their experiences with a wider public. By broadening their traditional tools to actively engage marginalized communities in the preservation process, archivists can preserve local knowledge and create representative, empowered archives. RESUME La theorie archivistique s’est longtemps servie de principes concus pour preserver la valeur contextuelle des documents. Les auteurs pensent que les pratiques traditionnelles de l’evaluation, du classement et de la description peuvent etre reformulees comme des processus participatifs et axes sur la communaute. Ceci peut permettre au contexte d’etre articule de facon significative dans les archives de communautes traditionnellement marginalisees. Ils croient que ce processus peut mener vers la creation de centres d’archives plus pertinents au point de vue culturel (« culturally relevant ») tout en permettant aux communautes minoritaires de partager leurs experiences avec un plus grand public. En s’ouvrant a un plus grand eventail d’outils pour inviter les communautes marginalisees a participer au processus de preservation, les archivistes peuvent sauvegarder les connaissances locales tout en creant des archives qui font appel aux notions de la representativite et de l’autonomisation.