Abstract: A survey is given of present knowledge of different methods of fluoride administration with emphasis on practical measures of proved value for orthodontic patients. The review covers different F administration procedures by dental personnel and self-application and includes the use of prophylaxis pastes, topical solutions, gels, mouth rinses, dentifrices, tablets, cements, coatings, varnishes, etc. Some recommendations are given as to optimal programs in orthodontic practice based upon evaluations of clinical effectiveness, safety and ease of application. Some caries reduction has been obtained from professional application of F prophylaxis pastes, but F pastes cannot replace topical F application. Treatment with F gels or solutions preceded by thorough cleaning and drying of the teeth is advocated before the placement of appliances and at recementations. Because F solutions are tedious to apply, and not more effective than F gels, the latter are preferable. APF gel application is suited in conjunction with impression taking. Daily self-application of SnF2 gels undoubtedly is effective in reducing caries in orthodontic patients. However, daily NaF or APF mouth rinses may have the dual effect of caries inhibition and stimulating hygiene interest and are more thoroughly tested. In addition to the other forms of F administration, a F dentifrice should be used regularly. Daily F application is appropriate also for orthodontic patients in fluoridated areas. In vitro studies with F cements indicate a great F uptake by the enamel, but controlled, long-term clinical studies are lacking. Also the final judgment of a number of new coating techniques and F varnishes must await further clinical testing, although a beneficial effect of F sealing in orthodontic patients is substantiated. In conclusion, APF gel application before insertion of appliances and at regular recementations plus daily rinsing with dilute NaF or APF solutions throughout the periods of treatment and retention plus the regular use of a F dentifrice is recommended as a routine procedure for all orthodontic patients.

Abstract: No Available. Presented at the biennial meeting of the Angle Society, Boca Raton, 1973.

Abstract: No Available. The nutrition survey was supported by contract MC-R-390050-06-0 from Maternal and Child Health Services, Department of Health, Education and Welfare.

Abstract: No Available. Given at the January 1974 meeting of the Midwestern Component of the Angle Society.

Abstract: No Available. Portions of this research were funded by the Pacific Coast Society of Orthodontists and presented in part at the 51st General Meeting, International Association for Dental Research, Washington, D.C.

Abstract: No Available. Read at the January, 1974 meeting of the Midwestern Component of the Angle Society.

Abstract: No Available. From the Orthodontic Department, Univ. of Iowa. This investigation was supported in part by United States Public Health Service Research Grant DE-00853, National Institute of Dental Research, Bethesda, Maryland.

Abstract: No Available. From the Dental Research Institute and Veterans Administration Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Abstract: The effect of heavy continuous orthopedic forces was studied in three Saimiri Sciureus (squirrel) monkeys. Two additional monkeys served as controls. The maxillary sutures were investigated microscopically. In addition, the bone markers (tetracycline, Procion Red H-8 BS) served for quantitative evaluation under ultraviolet light. After two weeks slight remodeling activity could be observed. After one month a tremendous activity was found in the sutures. The width of the sutures was two to three times enlarged. The regular tissue pattern of the sutures had changed to a mixture of precollagen and collagen fibers running in all directions with plenty of active cells. In the ultraviolet light there is a take up of markers at the sutural margins. After three months of treatment though, the sutures showed a similar pattern. The three zones of the sutures began to form again; osteoblasts were attached to the sutural margins and reorganization was relatively complete.

Abstract: No Available. From the Departments of Medical Computer Science and Oral Surgery, the University of Texas.

Abstract: An attempt is being made to observe the facial and dental development of a cleft lip and palate sample. The study is continuing and, hopefully, offers insight into what happens to these children who have undergone the placement of a dentofacial maxillary orthopedic appliance early at the time of lip closure and an additional surgical procedure and autogenous osteoplasty. Though the final answers to the two previously posed questions are not yet available, we are able to make some value judgments by observing the lateral cephalometric films of these children, and observing their occusion intraorally. Thus far, we are able to state that in our sample, using our treatment procedures in the sequence advocated, we have seen no growth attenuation in the posterior/anterior dimension. The maxilla, at least to the ages observed, does not appear to have been attenuated by our procedures. Further, it would seem that after a limited first phase of orthodontic treatment to align dental units, the degree of crossbite is considerably smaller from that reported in the literature by those using more conventional approaches; thus it is possible that we are doing some good. We are still using these procedures on our newborn and continue to feel that we have a real opportunity to be able to do more orthodontically for these children when they possess a full, permanent dentition and are ready for comprehensive treatment.

Abstract: 1. Insertion of bite planes on the right mandibular lateral teeth of eight young rabbits caused load changes in the masticatory system. Eight other animals served as controls. 2. The induced changes were equilibrated during the nine-week experimental period by adapation processes. At the end of the period all teeth were in occlusion and the glenoid fossa-condylar process distance was equal on both sides. 3. The adaptation was the result of several mechanisms working together. We found changes in the alveolar region and at distant growth structures. Cranial scolioses were observed. 4. Masticatory functional loading is a factor which regulates growth in the region of the facial skeleton.

Abstract: Thirty-five cases have been collected from colleagues which illustrate that removal of additional maxillary teeth, following first bicuspid extractions, can allow the successful resolution of difficult discrepancy and anchorage cases. Charts 1 and 2 describe the amounts of space that might be expected by removal of additional upper bicuspids, upper first molars, and upper second molars. The findings on upper second molars are admittedly limited. Anchorage values as expressed by an efficiency percentage were approximately what would be expected from a study of anchorage values of the roots of teeth. The removal of upper second bicuspids has a better anchorage efficiency potential than the upper first molar, but this may be overcome somewhat by the greater size of the molar. Clear guidance cannot be given as to which teeth to remove in a specific case, but it is the observation of the author that for cases that are still in full Class II following four bicuspid space closure, upper second bicuspid removal would be more helpful from an anchorage perspective, whereas for cases that are in end-to-end molar relationship or require only a few millimeters to move into Class I, the upper first molar might be the tooth of choice. Also, the supper first molar removal allows for a more "normal" appearing arch assuming normal alignment and size of the upper second and third molars. The comparison with the nonextraction control group showed an enormous difference in the amount of incisor retraction that extractions provide when related to the maxilla. The nonextraction control group, though experiencing dramatic correction of Class II relationships, showed no incisor movement within the maxilla. Some problems which appeared in the sample were described. Removal of upper teeth in addition to the four first bicuspids can be a solution to an occasional anchorage, skeletal, growth or cooperation problem.

Abstract: A fifteen-year longitudinal study of rest position and centric occlusion was done on sixteen dentulous subjects with random occlusions. In reviewing the literature the author could find no other investigation with this number of years interim. Records consisted of lateral cephalometric roentgenograms taken when the patient was in rest position and in centric occlusion. Rest position was determined by the patient saying "m" and swallowing, and electromyographically when the anterior belly of the digastric and the temporalis muscles elicited the electrical activity. Both linear and angular measurements were made. The figures from 1958, 1959, and 1960 were averaged and compared with the mean of those taken in 1973. Rest position was found to have a small range of stability in all subjects, while the vertical dimension of centric occlusion increased in ten subjects, decreased in two, and remained the same in four.

Abstract: No Available. This was supported financially in part, National Institutes of Health Grant, #5 SO1 FR05302-06. *Professor and Chairman, Department of Orthodontics, Loma Linda Unive...

Abstract: No Available. From the Department of Orthodontics, University OP Illinois.

Abstract: No Available. From the Department of Orthodontics and Dental Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. This study was supported, in part, by Grant No. NIDR SR01-DE 03013-06.

Abstract: No Available. This investigation was supported by NIH research grant number DE 02668 from the National Institute of Dental Research and by NIH grant number RR 05333 from the Division of Research Facilities and Resources.

Abstract: This study was based on a cephalometric study of 82 children composed of three groups: the first group treated with a flat anterior bite plate, the second group subject to the Begg therapy, and an untreated control group. The object of this study was to investigate changes in the dentofacial complex which occur as a result of bite plate therapy compared with Begg treatment. It was found that the short term changes as a result of bite plate therapy were associated with an increase in the height of the upper and lower molars. The long term changes as a result of bite plate therapy were associated with a significant increase in the height of the molars and some increase in lower incisor height. Lower facial height showed a significant increase in dimension. During Begg treatment it was found that short term changes in the dentofacial complex were associated with a significant increase in the height of the lower molars and a significant reduction in the height of the lower incisors. The long term changes of Begg therapy were associated with a significant increase in the height of the lower molars and some increase in lower facial height.

Abstract: No Available. This was supported financially in part, National Institutes of Health Grant #5SO1FR05302-06.

Abstract: No Available. Presented at the January, 1974 meeting of the North Atlantic Component of the Angle Society.

Abstract: No Available. This investigation was supported in part by P.H.S. Research Grant DE-00853, National Institute of Dental Research.

Abstract: No Available. From the Department of Orthodontics and Dental Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Abstract: No Available. Presented before the Midwestern Component of the Edward H. Angle Society, January 1974, Chicago.

Abstract: No Available. Given at the January, 1972 meeting of the North Atlantic Component of the Angle Society.