Abstract: In this paper, the design of a proportional, derivative and integral (PID) based power system stabilizer (PSS) is carried out using a new Meta heuristic harmony search algorithm (HSA) to optimize the parameters. The design of proposed PID controller is considered with an objective function based on eigenvalue shifting to guarantee the stability of nonlinear plant for a wide range of conditions using HSA. The HSA optimized PIDPSS (HSPIDPSS) controller is applied to the standard IEEE ten-machine thirty nine-bus test power system model in decentralized manner and the performance is compared with a robust fuzzy controller. The robustness is tested by considering four plant conditions with change of active power, active load and faults at different buses of the power system to establish, the superior performance with HSPIDPSS over the FPSS.

Abstract: OTA-C Sinusoidal oscillators are useful for implementation in both bipolar and CMOS technologies due to the complete absence of passive resistors, requirements of only OTAs and integratable MOS capacitors in their design with the advantageous feature of providing electronic tunability of the oscillation frequency through external current/voltage signal. In particular, the oscillator circuit topologies which employ a minimum number of OTAs (no more than three) along with a minimum number of capacitors (no more than two), along with both capacitors being grounded, are particularly attractive from the view point of IC implementation. This article shows how, starting from various known three-OTA-C oscillators, even if this may not be employing both grounded capacitors, new three-OTA-grounded-capacitor (TOGC) versions can be derived systematically using a theoretical framework based upon nullors. The workability of the new TOGC oscillator configurations has been confirmed by SPICE simulations based upon CMOS OTAs using 0.18µm CMOS technology process parameters and some sample results have been presented.

Abstract: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has become a popular modulation method in high data rate wireless communications. It is a key modulation scheme that is especially suited for high-data-rate transmission in delay-dispersive environments because of its robustness to Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) and multipath fading environment. It converts a high-rate data stream into a number of low-rate streams that are transmitted over parallel, narrowband channels which needs little or no equalization. OFDM also provides efficient spectrum utilization by use of single frequency networks (SFNs). Recently, OFDM has become the standard for physical layer implementation of various digital audio and video wireless communications such as DAB/DVB, wireless local access networks (WLANs) and wireless metropolitan area networks (WMANs). Moreover OFDM is a potential candidate for fourth-generation (4G) mobile wireless systems and beyond. In this paper, through Simulink implementation, we present a bit error rate (BER) performance analysis of OFDM system in diverse transmission channels. The results show that OFDM is well suited for high speed data transmission in mobile environment and channel coding combined with interleaving is mandatory for any wireless high speed transmission.

Abstract: Some time back, Elwakil presented a systematic method of realizing Very Low frequency (VLF) oscillators using current feedback operational amplifiers (CFOA) and demonstrated that the classical Wienbridge oscillator, employing the concept of composite resistor (containing two positive and one negative resistance) can be tailored to generate VLF oscillations. The circuit proposed by Elwakil, however, required two CFOAs along with six resistors and two capacitors. The object of this paper is to report a new VLF oscillator circuit which, in contrast to Elwakil’s circuit, requires onlya single CFOA. The workability of the new circuit has been demonstrated by experimental results using commercially available AD844type CFOAs.

Abstract: In determining the properties and inductance of ferromagnetic core inductor, hysteresis modeling is of high importance Many models are available to investigate those characteristics but they tend to be complex and difficult to implement In this paper, we report a new mathematical model based on the experimental data of hysteresis for ferromagnetic core inductor The proposed model can restore the hysteresis curve with a little RMS error We used the model to determine analytically the expression of the current in a RL series circuit forced by an alternating source A good agreement is found between our theoretical and experimental results

Abstract: In the modern days the development in communication systems engineering requires the development of low profile antennas that are capable of maintaining high performance over a wide spectrum of frequencies. In this review, we have designed an elementary Microstrip patch Antenna for ultra-wideband application. This technological trend has focused much effort on the basic concepts, characteristics and design of a Microstrip patch antenna. This paper explains the pattern of designs of the Microstrip patch antenna along with detailed study. A thorough analysis and observations of the problem begins with the application of the equivalence principle that introduces the unknown electric and magnetic surface current densities on the dielectric surface. Here in this technical review, our main goal is to design an elementary Microstrip antenna, which will work in the ultra-wide band range and also it should work in the desired operating frequency. Ansoft High Frequency Structured Simulations (HFSS) software is used for the elementary design of a rectangular patch Microstrip antenna and also some of the basic calculations has been done by using MATLAB. This review paper also comprises of basic parameters, types of antenna, working, fundamental concepts and characteristics as well as feeding techniques and simulation, results of Microstrip patch antenna.

Abstract: It is shown that the whole practice of using Ohm’s law in the theory of electrical circuits is actually a theoretical and experimental evidence for physical reality of imaginary numbers. Therefore, the current interpretation of the special theory of relativity, which denies physical reality of imaginary numbers, requires appropriate adjustment. The adjusted version of the special theory of relativity can explain the phenomena of dark matter and dark energy. Other exact sciences also require adjustment with regard to the principle of physical reality of imaginary numbers.

Abstract: In this World of Digital era the demand of mobile Internet and wireless multimedia applications are growing faster than ever. To satisfy the user requirements and to overcome the limitations of existing wireless technologies, have led the researchers to come up with more advanced and efficient technology. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) based WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access ) is the outcome in this direction which promises to solve the last mile access technology to provide high speed internet access in the residential as well as small and medium sized enterprise sectors. In this paper we have analyzed the effect of Block Interleaving on the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of the WiMAX Physical layer baseband system conforming to the parameters established by IEEE 802.16 standards for different digital modulation schemes. From the analysis it was observed that addition of interleaving with forward error correction (FEC) improves the system performance by reducing the burst errors during transmission.

Abstract: Two floating inductance (FI) circuits are presented which employ a canonical number of passive components (namely, only two resistors and a capacitor) as well as canonical number of active elements (only two CFOAs) and realize single-resistance-tunable inductance value, without requiring any component-matching or cancellation constraints. The workability of the proposed circuits and their applications has been confirmed by hardware implementation and SPICE simulations based on AD844-type CFOAs.

Abstract: There is a continued demand of analog circuits which are capable of operating at low supply voltages and have low-power consumption and large dynamic range. There are several techniques of designing circuits satisfying such requirements a majority of which fall into the general category of externally-linear-internally-nonlinear (ELIN) circuits. In this paper, we present a bibliography of ELIN circuits which covers log-domain, exponential state-space domain, square root domain and other related circuits, based upon the work done during 1979 to 2014. It is hoped that this compilation (with a brief overview) should be useful to research scholars, educators, students, practicing engineers and anybody who is interested in knowing about the current state-of-the- art of log domain, translinear and square root domain circuits.

Abstract: Although a large number of single current feedback op-amp (CFOA)-based sinusoidal oscillator circuits have been proposed in the literature, to the best knowledge of the authors, no single-CFOA oscillator configuration has been reported earlier which can absorb all the parasitic impedances of the CFOA in the various external passive elements employed. The major intention of this paper is to report such a circuit. The workability of the proposed circuit has been confirmed by experimental results employing an AD844-type CFOA.

Abstract: On-line handwriting recognition is the task of determining what letters or words are present in handwritten text. It is of significant benefit to man-machine communication and can assist in the automatic processing of handwritten documents. It is a subtask of the Optical Character Recognition (OCR), whose domain can be machine-print only.The introduced system is a character-based recognition and it is a writer independent system. The recognition responsibility of the proposed system is for 52 character classes [uppercases (A-Z) and the lowercases (a-z)]. The suggested system includes the essential stages needed for most of the pattern recognition systems. These stages are the preprocessing stage, the features extraction stage, the pattern matching and classification stage and the postprocessing stage. The proposed method employs the 3 Dimensional Multiwavelet transform 3D-DMWTCS using multiresolution image decomposition techniques working together with multiple classification methods as a powerful classifier. The classification stage is designed by using a minimum distance classifier depending on Euclidean Distance which has a high speed performance. The system design also includes a modest postprocessing stage that makes a consistency between the recognized characters within the same word in relation to their upper and lower cases.The overall classification accuracy of proposed systems can be obtained are 95.305 percent with 3D-DMWTCS based on the Rimes database.

Abstract: In the paper analytically is constructed digital filter for DC-electrical drive with elastic junctions. It could be realized with two discrete integrators and five operational amplifiers. The filter would be insert sequentially on the output of the speed’s regulator. As results transient processes similar to transients of dc-electric drive with rigid mechanical shaft are obtained.

Abstract: In this paper complete synchronization of diffusively coupled oscillators is considered. We present the results of both, theoretical and experimental investigations of synchronization between two, three and four almost identical oscillators. The method of linear difference signal has been applied. The corresponding differential equations have been integrated analytically and the synchronization threshold has been found. Hardware experiments have been performed and the measured synchronization error of less than 1% has been determined. Good agreement is found between theoretical and experimental results.

Abstract: A robust and reliable algorithm called as fuzzy based gravitational search algorithm has been developed for solution of the security constrained economic and environmental load dispatch (EED) problems A fuzzy maximizing decision approach using gravitational search algorithm (GSA) is applied to a six-unit thermal power test system to obtain the best compromising solution The usefulness and quality of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through its application to the test system in terms of convergence speed, solution time and minimum operating cost The obtained results from the proposed algorithm confirm the effectiveness and potential of the promising proposed algorithm compared to conventional method, real coded genetic algorithm (GA), hybrid GA and PSO methods, performed in different central load dispatch centers to solve multi-objective generation dispatch problems

Abstract: The interaction effect in aggregation of harmonic currents is investigated. Several approaches including IEC 61000-3-6 recommended method are utilized and compared. A simple practical method is proposed to account for/compensate interaction effect. The proposed technique is computationally simple and does not require the knowledge of current harmonics in each branch. A rectifier is considered and simulated as an example to show the interaction effect and performance of the proposed method.

Abstract: The Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) problem is an optimization task with emphasis on how power generating companies (GENCOs) will be able to meet the power demands of the distribution companies (DISCOs) and electricity consumers, and at the same time minimize both under/over generation of electricity, and also minimize the operational costs of running the units in their various stations. This paper implemented a Smart Evolutionary Algorithm, which combines a standard Evolutionary Algorithm with a smart mutation operator that is applied to the Static ELD problem. It also investigated and analyzed three distinct variants of the smart mutation operator. The operator focused mutation on genes contributing mostly to cost of generation and penalty violations in the fitness function. Rather than using a generic off-the-shelf optimization package, the paper demonstrated a novel approach to solving certain kinds of real-world problems, contributing a method that have advanced the state of the art in solving a specific optimization problem in the area of economic load dispatch.

Abstract: Electricity stealing not only makes great economic losses, but also threatens the order and security of power supply seriously. This paper starts from electricity theft, and puts forward an anti-electricity theft design based on electricity comparative method. According to programming realization and simulation test by MATLAB, we verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the design. The anti-electricity theft design can be applied to demotic users and middle/small-sized enterprises to reduce loss from electricity theft.

Abstract: Studied electromagnetic properties of connections between component. The analysis of electromagnetic field components parallel radial highway lanes of the printed and volumetric mounting electronic devices. Found conversion algorithms mutual capacitive, inductive, dielectric and semiconductor parameters of the symmetric and regular communication structures.

Abstract: Advanced Fault Location Isolation and Supply Restoration (AFLISR) is describing as the smart brain at the control center, using remotely controllable devices to execute the smart decisions. AFLISR application can improve reliability intensely deprived of compromising safety and asset protection. AFLISR systems that automatically detect faults, isolate the impaired portion of the feeder, and restore as plentiful facility as conceivable within seconds as part of their strategy to accomplish a “self-healing” grid. One problem with these systems is that service restoration is often blocked due to heavy loading on backup feeders. The next generation of automatic restoration systems will yield improvement of further advanced control services that are existence installed as part of the smart grid. After encountering a load transfer limit, the automatic restoration system may initiate schedules to free up capacity on the pretentious feeders so enabling the load transfer to continue. Capacity issue strategies can embrace instigation of petition response schedules, initiation of CVR, and impermanent reduction of fast charging actions for electric vehicles.

Abstract: This paper presents a technique for fast addition of multi-digit BCD numbers. The addition of all columns can be performed simultaneously, and the carry values are utilized only in the final stage of the addition. Thus the traditional carry propagation process is drastically reduced, hence speeding up the addition process. The addition technique is used in the summation of partial products generated during a new multiplication approach proposed in the paper resulting in a faster multiplication.