TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the ethical issues arising for researchers engaged in the study of irregular migration and discuss the question of disseminating findings (both qualitative and quantitative) to wider audiences.
TL;DR: The authors conclude that while continued scrutiny of such settlements is important, broad brush treatments are inappropriate and only a more individualized evaluation can correctly determine the competitive effects of a particular settlement agreement.
Abstract: This article demonstrates that in recent years, patent settlements between branded and generic manufacturers involving "reverse payments" from branded manufacturers to generic manufacturers have received close antitrust scrutiny, driven by concerns that such settlements harm consumers by delaying the entry of lower-priced generic drugs. The authors note that such settlements will be a focus of the Obama Administration's antitrust enforcement policy, yet there is a growing consensus among the courts that such settlements are anticompetitive only under narrow sets of circumstances. In this article, the authors present an analytical framework for evaluating the competitive effects of patent settlements, including those involving reverse payments, and demonstrate that these settlements can benefit consumers. Thus, the authors conclude that while continued scrutiny of such settlements is important, broad brush treatments are inappropriate and only a more individualized evaluation can correctly determine the competitive effects of a particular settlement agreement.
TL;DR: In this paper, Rex showed that ethnic groups sometimes had identities imposed on them to restrict their mobility and to facilitate their exploitation and oppression, which is essential to the understanding of racism.
Abstract: Selvidentitet handler om a se seg selv som lik med noen og som forskjellig fra noen andre. Den rasistiske erfaring er en sterk erfaring av a tilskrives en sosial identitet i form av likhet med noen og forskjellighet fra andre, altsa en erfaring med hvordan ens individuelle valg av tilhorighet begrenses. Som John Rex formulerte det i en analyse av hva som skjedde nar A¢â¬ÂraseA¢â¬Â ble erstattet med A¢â¬ÂetniskA¢â¬Â (i begreper som A¢â¬Ârace relationsA¢â¬Â eller A¢â¬Ârace differencesA¢â¬Â) (Rex 1986: 71): A¢â¬ÂWhat was left out was the element essential to the understanding of racism, namely that ethnic groups sometimes had identities imposed on them to restrict their mobility and to facilitate their exploitation and oppression.A¢â¬Â Det er denne imposition of identites som er artikkelens omdreiningspunkt.
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