TL;DR: In this article, a significant retardation of transient enhanced diffusion of 5 keV boron implanted in silicon has been achieved when it was co-implanted with 1 MeV silicon, and almost complete retardation was observed when this was done in SOI substrates which isolate the layers containing most of the point defects due to the high energy silicon implant from near surface regions.
Abstract: A significant retardation of transient enhanced diffusion of 5 keV boron implanted in silicon has been achieved when it was co-implanted with 1 MeV silicon. Almost complete retardation was observed when this was done in SOI substrates which isolate the layers containing most of the point defects due to the high energy silicon implant from the near surface regions. Measurements of the defect profile from the silicon implant using accurate Rutherford backscattering channelling analysis, coupled with high resolution SIMS analysis of the boron profile provide a comprehensive picture of the dopant/defects relationship. Other data from positron annihilation spectroscopy complete the picture for the vacancy-type defects, while data from spreading resistance measurements indicate the activation efficiency of the boron under these conditions. Other high energy implants were tested and a variety of SOI material was used to investigate the role of the depth of the barrier layer in retarding the TED.
TL;DR: In this article, a control device consisting of a support structure (18) adapted to be mounted on top of the backrest of a vehicle seat and a quadrilateral linkage (15, 16) interposed between the support structure and a headrest body (11) and operable by a pyrotechnic actuator (17) is presented.
Abstract: The control device comprises a support structure (18) adapted to be mounted on top of the backrest of a vehicle seat and a quadrilateral linkage (15, 16) interposed between the support structure (18) and a headrest body (11) and operable by a. pyrotechnic actuator (17) for moving the body (11), in the event of a collision, from a rest position to an active position advanced and/or raised towards the head of the occupant of the seat. The support structure (18), the linkage (15, 16) and the actuator (17) are arranged so as to be received inside the headrest body (11). The control device further comprises a plate-like attachment member (19) connected to the linkage (15, 16) and provided with fastening means (29, 31) for connection to the headrest body (11), whereby that the body (11) can be connected to the linkage (15, 16) by means of the attachment member (19). The support structure (18), the linkage (15, 16) and the platelike attachment member (19) are manufactured by plastics moulding (10). The support structure (18) is formed as a single shaped body (18), having a central portion (18a) to which the swivelling levers (15, 16) and the actuator (17) are articulated and a pair of side portions (18b) intended to be mounted on a pair of mounting bars (14) which can be inserted into respective holes in the seat backrest.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present predictions on the total cross sections and on the ratio of the real part to the imaginary part of the elastic amplitude (ρ parameter) for present and future pp and p \( \bar p \) colliders.
Abstract: We present predictions on the total cross sections and on the ratio of the real part to the imaginary part of the elastic amplitude (ρ parameter) for present and future pp and p \( \bar p \) colliders, and on total cross sections for γp → hadrons at cosmic-ray energies and for γγ → hadrons up to √s = 1 TeV. These predictions are based on a study of many possible analytic parametrisations and invoke the current hadronic dataset at t = 0. The uncertainties on total cross sections, including the systematic theoret ical errors, reach 1% at RHIC, 3% at the Tevatron, and 10% at the LHC, whereas those on the ρ parameter are respectively 10%, 17%, and 26%.