A spectral bio-imaging method for enhancing pathologic, physiologic, metabolic and health related spectral signatures of an eye tissue, the method comprising the steps of (a) providing an optical device for eye inspection being optically connected to a spectral imager; (b) illuminating the eye tissue with light via the iris, viewing the eye tissue through the optical device and spectral imager and obtaining a spectrum of light for each pixel of the eye tissue; and (c) attributing each of the pixels a color or intensity according to its spectral signature, thereby providing an image enhancing the spectral signatures of the eye tissue.

Spectral bio-imaging of the eye

Spectral imaging methods (fig. 2) for biological research, medical diagnostics and therapy to be used to detect spatial organization and to quantify cellular (fig. 5) and tissue natural constituents, structures, organelles and administered components such as tagging probes (fig. 27) and drugs using light transmission (fig. 9), reflection, scattering and fluorescence emission strategies (fig. 7), with high sensitivity and high spatial and spectral resolutions.

Spectral bio-imaging methods for biological research, medical diagnostics and therapy

A method of in situ analysis of a biological sample comprising the steps of (a) staining the biological sample with N stains of which a first stain is selected from the group consisting of a first immunohistochemical stain, a first histological stain and a first DNA ploidy stain, and a second stain is selected from the group consisting of a second immunohistochemical stain, a second histological stain and a second DNA ploidy stain, with provisions that N is an integer greater than three and further that (i) if the first stain is the first immunohistochemical stain then the second stain is either the second histological stain or the second DNA ploidy stain; (ii) if the first stain is the first histological stain then the second stain is either the second immunohistochemical stain or the second DNA ploidy stain; whereas (iii) if the first stain is the first DNA ploidy stain then the second stain is either the second immunohistochemical stain or the second histological stain; and (b) using a spectral data collection device for collecting spectral data from the biological sample, the spectral data collection device and the N stains are selected such that a spectral component associated with each of the N stains is collectable.

In situ method of analyzing cells

Techniques for providing spectroscopic imaging integrates an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF), or an interferometer, and a focal plane array detector. In operation, wavelength selectivity is provided by the AOTF or the interferometer. A focal plane array detector is used as the imaging detector in both cases. Operation within the ultraviolet, visible, near-infrared (NIR) spectral regions, and into the infrared spectral region, is achieved. The techniques can be used in absorption spectroscopy and emission spectroscopy. Spectroscopic images with a spectral resolution of a few nanometers and a spatial resolution of about a micron, are collected rapidly using the AOTF. Higher spectral resolution images are recorded at lower speeds using the interferometer. The AOTF technique uses entirely solid-state components and requires no moving parts. Alternatively, the interferometer technique employs either a step-scan interferometer or a continuously modulated interferometer.

Spectroscopic imaging device employing imaging quality spectral filters

An imaging system is disclosed comprising an illuminator which produces illumination of any desired pure wavelength or of any selected mixture of pure wavelengths simultaneously, which illuminates a sample without spatio-spectral artifacts using illumination optics designed for that purpose; imaging optics, which form an image of the sample at a detector or viewing port; and a detector. This enables imaging the complete spectral image cube for a sample by taking sequential images while illuminating with a series of pure wavelengths, with greater ease and economy than by means of tunable filters, interferometers and the like. It further enables imaging while the sample is illuminated with a precisely controlled mixture of illuminant wavelengths, so that the image presented to the detector is a linear superposition of the sample properties at many wavelengths. This enables taking images of a sample' that directly measure the weighted spectral properties such as projection pursuit vectors, principal components, and the like. Data acquisition is enormously simplified, and speed is increased by one to two orders of magnitude over existing techniques. This is of great benefit in pathology, immunohistochemistry, Pap smear analysis, endoscopy, counterfeit detection, quality control, and other areas where one wishes to measure a spectral index of a living or inert sample.

Spectral imaging system

A method of analyzing an optical image of a scene to determine the spectral intensity of each pixel of the scene, which includes collecting incident light from the scene; (b) passing the light through an interferometer which outputs modulated light corresponding to a predetermined set of linear combinations of the spectral intensity of the light emitted from each pixel; focusing the light outputted from the interferometer on a detector array; and processing the output of the detector array to determine the spectral intensity of each pixel thereof. If the interferometer is of the moving type scanning in one dimension is required where the detector array is one dimensional, and no scanning when the detector array is two-dimensional. If the interferometer is of the non-moving type scanning is required in one dimension when the detector array is two-dimensional, and in two dimensions when the detector array is one-dimensional.

Method for simultaneously measuring the spectral intensity as a function of wavelength of all the pixels of a two dimensional scene

A method and apparatus for analyzing an optical image of a scene to determine the spectral intensity of each pixel thereof, by: collecting (20) incident light from the scene; scanning (22) the incident light; passing the scanned light through an interferometer (24) which outputs modulated light corresponding to a predetermined set of linear combinations of the spectral intensity of the light emitted from each pixel; focusing the light ouputted from the interferometer on a detector array (26); and processing (28) the output of the detector array to determine the spectral intensity of each pixel thereof.

Method and apparatus for spectral analysis of images

A method and an apparatus of analyzing an optical image of a
scene to determine the spectral intensity of each pixel thereof,
comprising: collecting incident light from the scene; passing
the light through an interferometer which outputs modulated
light corresponding to a predetermined set of linear
combinations of the spectral intensity of the light emitted from
each pixel; focusing the light outputted from the interferometer
on a two dimensional detector array; and processing the output
of the detector array to determine the spectral intensity of
each pixel thereof; the interferometer being of the low-finesse
translating Fabry-Perot type in which the optical path
difference is varied to modulate the light by translating an
element of the interferometer, such that at each instant each
detector sees a different point of the scene and its signal is a
linear combination of the spectral content of the light coming
from each pixel, and that when the scanner completes one
interferometer scan, the scene will have been scanned at all
relevant linear combinations of the spectral content.

Methods and apparati for spectral imaging using interferometers of the low-finesse translating Fabry-Perot type

of EP0767361A method of analyzing an optical image of a scene to determine the spectral intensity of each pixel of the scene, which includes collecting incident light from the scene; (b) passing the light through an interferometer which outputs modulated light corresponding to a predetermined set of linear combinations of the spectral intensity of the light emitted from each pixel; focusing the light outputted from the interferometer on a detector array; and processing the output of the detector array to determine the spectral intensity of each pixel thereof. If the interferometer is of the moving type scanning in one dimension is required where the detector array is one dimensional, and no scanning when the detector array is two-dimensional. If the interferometer is of the non-moving type scanning is required in one dimension when the detector array is two-dimensional, and in two dimensions when the detector array is one-dimensional.

Method and apparatus for spectral imaging

A method and an apparatus for analyzing an optical image of a
scene to determine the spectral intensity of each pixel thereof,
comprising: collecting and collimating incident light from the
scene; passing the light through an interferometer wherein the
light is first split into a finite plurality of coherent beams
which travel along different optical paths inside the
interferometer and then recombine to interfere with each other,
the interferometer thereby outputting modulated light
corresponding to a predetermined set of linear combinations of
the spectral intensity of the light emitted from each pixel;
focusing the light outputted from the interferometer on a two
dimensional detector array; and processing the output of the
detector array to determine the spectral intensity of each pixel
thereof; the interferometer being of the translating type in
which the optical path difference is varied to modulate the
light by translating an element of the interferometer, such that
at each instant each detector sees a different point of the
scene and its signal is a linear combination of the spectral
content of the light coming from each pixel, and that when the
scanner completes one interferometer scan, the scene will have
been scanned at all relevant linear combinations of the spectral
content.

Methods and apparati for spectral imaging using an interferometer of the translating type in which a finite number of coherent beams interfere mutually

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