Recyclable, self-strengthening starch-based epoxy vitrimer facilitated by exchangeable disulfide bonds

Castor-oil-based, robust, self-healing, shape memory, and reprocessable polymers enabled by dynamic hindered urea bonds and hydrogen bonds

Self-healing polyurethane elastomers have been extensively studied; however, developing an eco-friendly self-healable waterborne polyurethane (WPU) with exceptional mechanical properties remains a great challenge. Herein, we report healable, and highly tough WPU elastomers with unprecedented crack tolerance by introducing the concerted interactions of strong multiple H-bonds and ionic bonds in the network. The WPU elastomer demonstrated that the microphase separation structure contributes to an ultrahigh tensile strength (≈58 MPa), super toughness (≈456 MJ m−3), and unprecedented record fracture energy (≈320 kJ m−2). Due to the dynamic reconstruction of reversible H-bonds and ionic bonds, the WPU elastomer demonstrates a robust self-healability at 50 °C, allowing complete recovery of mechanical properties. Importantly, the thermoplasticity and reprocessability of WPUs enable direct 3D printing of different objects and electrospinning of tubes, showing great potential for expanding their application scope in soft robots and artificial stents.

An unparalleled H-bonding and ion-bonding crosslinked waterborne polyurethane with super toughness and unprecedented fracture energy

Biobased covalent adaptable networks: towards better sustainability of thermosets

Preparation of non-isocyanate polyurethanes from epoxy soybean oil: dual dynamic networks to realize self-healing and reprocessing under mild conditions

Materials with multifunctionality or multiresponsiveness, especially polymers derived from green, renewable precursors, have recently attracted significant attention resulting from their technological impact. Nowadays, vegetable-oil-based waterborne polyurethanes (WPUs) are widely used in various fields, while strategies for simultaneous realization of their self-healing, reprocessing, shape memory as well as high mechanical properties are still highly anticipated. We report development of a multifunctional castor-oil-based waterborne polyurethane with high strength using controlled amounts of dithiodiphenylamine. The polymer networks possessed high tensile strength up to 38 MPa as well as excellent self-healing efficiency. Moreover, the WPU film exhibited a maximum recovery of 100 % of the original mechanical properties after reprocessing four times. The broad glass-transition temperature of the samples endowed the films with a versatile shape-memory effect, including a dual-to-quadruple shape-memory effect.

Renewable Castor-Oil-based Waterborne Polyurethane Networks: Simultaneously Showing High Strength, Self-Healing, Processability and Tunable Multishape Memory.

The establishment of both mechanically robust yet facile healable and recyclable epoxy resin systems are highly desirable and still present significant challenges. Herein, by fully utilizing epoxidized vegetable oils and dithiol modified boronic ester via the thermally-induced “thiol–epoxy” click reaction, novel plant oil-based epoxy resins were successfully synthesized by incorporating units of dioxaborolane metathesis, transesterification and disulfide metathesis. Reasonably tuning the content of the flexible long fatty acid chains and phenylboronic ester, the plant oil-based epoxy resins possessed highly crosslinking structures and comparable mechanical properties to the conventional epoxy resins, with the tensile strength of up to 43.2 MPa and the elongation at break up to 25%. Moreover, the epoxy resins well embodied dynamic dioxaborolane, disulfide bonds and soft long fatty acid chains, which facilitated facile healing ability and reprocessability at mild conditions. The self-healing efficiency of bio-based epoxy resins could reach 90% at room temperature in 24 h. Further, the mechanical properties of the recycled resins were maintained at 80% of original resins even after 9 times repeated reprocessing.

Rapid self-healing, multiple recyclability and mechanically robust plant oil-based epoxy resins enabled by incorporating tri-dynamic covalent bonding

Thermally Stable, Solvent Resistant, and Multifunctional Thermosetting Polymer Networks with High Mechanical Properties Prepared from Renewable Plant Phenols via Thiol–Ene Photo Click Chemistry

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Renewable Castor-Oil-based Waterborne Polyurethane Networks: Simultaneously Showing High Strength, Self-Healing, Processability and Tunable Multishape Memory.

Rapid self-healing, multiple recyclability and mechanically robust plant oil-based epoxy resins enabled by incorporating tri-dynamic covalent bonding

Thermally Stable, Solvent Resistant, and Multifunctional Thermosetting Polymer Networks with High Mechanical Properties Prepared from Renewable Plant Phenols via Thiol–Ene Photo Click Chemistry