Overview of MXene and conducting polymer matrix composites for electromagnetic wave absorption

Progress and challenges in electrochemical energy storage devices: Fabrication, electrode material, and economic aspects

An overview of metal-organic frameworks and their magnetic composites for the removal of pollutants

Both MXene and conducting polymers are hot research topics on electrode materials for supercapacitors (SCs). The combination of these two different types of materials can solve the defects that exist when they are used as electrode materials alone. Based on theoretical capacity, specific surface area, mass load, flexibility and excellent mechanical properties, MXene/conducting polymers composites demonstrate their potential to become advanced electrode materials. In order to further illustrate the changes brought about by these composites, a large number of examples of MXene/conducting polymers as electrodes are described in details. In general, this review covers the latest developments in the study of SCs based on MXene/conducting polymers composites, including materials preparation, electrode materials, symmetrical supercapacitors (SSCs) and asymmetrical supercapacitors (ASCs). This article aims to understand the application of MXene/conducting polymers composites in the research of SCs, and provides a guideline for further research of these promising materials. 

Overview of MXene/conducting polymer composites for supercapacitors

As a new type of 2D materials, MXene has the features of good conductivity and high specific surface area. Layered double hydroxide (LDH) is often used in the field of... 

Research progress of MXenes and layered double hydroxides for supercapacitors

Fabrication of Ti3C2Tx MXene/polyaniline composite films with adjustable thickness for high-performance flexible all-solid-state symmetric supercapacitors

Designing and synthesizing flexible self-supporting materials with high electrical conductivity and flexibility are the key to the development of wearable energy storage devices. Herein, a strategy to prepare Ti3C2Tx MXene/V2O5 (MV) films as flexible electrode materials for supercapacitors by vacuum-assisted filtration of a mixture of MXene nanosheets and V2O5 nanofibers is reported. The introduction of V2O5 nanofibers effectively suppresses the self-stacking phenomenon of MXene nanosheets, and simultaneously regulates the thickness of the MV films by controlling the amount of V2O5 nanofibers. Benefiting from the efficient intercalation of V2O5 nanofibers, the Ti3C2Tx MXene/V2O5 (20 mg) (MV2) film as electrode shows good capacitive performance (319.1 F g‐1, 0.5 A g‐1) and cycling stability (70.4 %, 5000 cycles, 3 A g‐1). Furthermore, the MV2//MV2 symmetric supercapacitor (SSC) and the MV2//MnO2 asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) are assembled, which separately have 72.1 % and 83.9 % capacitance retention after 8000 charge/discharge cycles at 2 A g‐1. The SSC exhibits an energy density of 18.43 Wh kg‐1 at 603.2 W kg‐1 power density, and the ASC provides an energy density of 20.83 Wh kg‐1 at 374.94 W kg‐1 power density, indicating their good energy storage capacity. This study provides a new strategy to improve the electrochemical properties and flexibility of Ti3C2Tx and a reliable method for its application in flexible wearable devices. 

Flexible Ti3C2Tx MXene/V2O5 composite films for high-performance all-solid supercapacitors

Rational design of the structure and effective utilization of the active sites of electrode materials can improve the electrochemical performances of supercapacitors. Herein, MnO2 and CoNi layered double hydroxides (CoNi-LDHs) are sequentially deposited on carbon cloth/MXene (CC/MXene) electrode by electrodeposition to prepare CC/MXene-MnO2-CoNi-LDHs (CC/MMCoNi) electrode. The nanoarray structure can provide a large specific surface area and more channels, which facilitate rapidly ion transfer and electron migration between electrolyte and electrode. The impacts of the presence or absence of MXene and different Co and Ni ratios on the electrochemical performances are investigated in detail. It is found that the presentation of MXene on the one hand enhances the conductivity of the electrode, on the other hand supplies more active sites for the attachment of MnO2. In the situation of Co:Ni = 1:2, CoNi-LDHs having the largest nanosheets provides the high capacitance of 922 F g−1 (553 C g−1) at 1 A g−1. Asymmetric supercapacitor is successfully fabricated by assembling CC/MMCoNi positive electrode with activated carbon (AC) negative electrode. The device can provide 1.7 V voltage window and an energy density of 65 W h kg−1 at a power density of 1491 W kg−1. The device has excellent practical application ability and can effectively resist external forces, which provide theoretical basis and technical support for the subsequent development of a new generation of flexible supercapacitors. 

MXene-MnO2-CoNi layered double hydroxides//activated carbon flexible asymmetric supercapacitor

Highly flexible, foldable carbon cloth/MXene/polyaniline/CoNi layered double hydroxide electrode for high-performance all solid-state supercapacitors

In response to the increasingly serious problem of electromagnetic wave pollution, there is a growing demand for materials capable of absorbing electromagnetic waves. A crucial strategy involves optimizing the microstructure and composition of these materials. In this study, the Ni/NiO/C/MnO2@PPy (NCMP) composites are successfully fabricated through the combination of hydrothermal method, high-temperature calcination process, chemical method and in situ polymerization. Due to the strong synergistic effect of the dielectric and magnetic components, and good impedance match, the NCMP-40 exhibits excellent electromagnetic wave absorption properties, with an optimal reflection loss (RLmin) of −56.23 dB at a thickness of 3.87 mm, and a high effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 6.86 GHz (10.68–17.54 GHz) at a thickness of 1.97 mm covering the entire Ku-band part of the X-band. Moreover, the radar cross section (RCS) attenuation is obtained through a simulation procedure. Compared to the sole perfect electrically conductive (PEC) layer, the PEC layer coated with NCMP-40 achieves an RCS value consistently below −10 dB m2 in the range of −60° < θ < 60°, and an RCS value is −22.0 dB m2 at θ = 0°. The prepared NCMP-40 presented herein shows excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performances. And this study provides a new method for the structural design of electromagnetic wave absorption materials. 

Fabrication of hollow Ni/NiO/C/MnO2@polypyrrole core-shell structures for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption

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