The reasonable design of electrode materials for rechargeable batteries plays an important role in promoting the development of renewable energy technology. With the in-depth understanding of the mechanisms underlying electrode reactions and the rapid development of advanced technology, the performance of batteries has significantly been optimized through the introduction of defect engineering on electrode materials. A large number of coordination unsaturated sites can be exposed by defect construction in electrode materials, which play a crucial role in electrochemical reactions. Herein, recent advances regarding defect engineering in electrode materials for rechargeable batteries are systematically summarized, with a special focus on the application of metal-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, and metal-air batteries. The defects can not only effectively promote ion diffusion and charge transfer but also provide more storage/adsorption/active sites for guest ions and intermediate species, thus improving the performance of batteries. Moreover, the existing challenges and future development prospects are forecast, and the electrode materials are further optimized through defect engineering to promote the development of the battery industry.

Defect Engineering on Electrode Materials for Rechargeable Batteries.

A novel approach to effectively suppress the “polysulfide shuttle” in Li–S batteries is presented by designing a freestanding, three-dimensional graphene/1T MoS2 (3DG/TM) heterostructure with highly efficient electrocatalysis properties for lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). The 3DG/TM heterostructure is constructed by few-layered graphene nanosheets sandwiched by hydrophilic, metallic, few-layered 1T MoS2 nanosheets with abundant active sites. The porous 3D structure and the hydrophilic feature of 1T-MoS2 are beneficial for electrolyte penetration and Li-ion transfer, and the high conductivities of both graphene and the 1T MoS2 nanosheets facilitate electron transfer. These merits lead to a high electrocatalytic efficiency for LiPSs due to excellent ion/electron transfer and the presence of sufficient electrocatalytic active sites. Therefore, the cells with 3DG/TM exhibit outstanding electrochemical performance, with a high reversible discharge capacity of 1181 mA h g−1 and a capacity retention of 96.3% after 200 cycles. The electrocatalysis mechanism of LiPSs is further experimentally and theoretically revealed, which provides new insights and opportunities to develop advanced Li–S batteries with highly efficient electrocatalysts for LiPS conversion.

Freestanding 1T MoS2/graphene heterostructures as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for lithium polysulfides in Li–S batteries

With the ever-increasing adaption of large-scale energy storage systems and electric devices, the energy storage capability of batteries and supercapacitors has faced increased demand and challenges. The electrodes of these devices have experienced radical change with the introduction of nano-scale materials. As new generation materials, heterostructure materials have attracted increasing attention due to their unique interfaces, robust architectures, and synergistic effects, and thus, the ability to enhance the energy/power outputs as well as the lifespan of batteries. In this review, the recent progress in heterostructure from energy storage fields is summarized. Specifically, the fundamental natures of heterostructures, including charge redistribution, built-in electric field, and associated energy storage mechanisms, are summarized and discussed in detail. Furthermore, various synthesis routes for heterostructures in energy storage fields are roundly reviewed, and their advantages and drawbacks are analyzed. The superiorities and current achievements of heterostructure materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), lithium-sulfur batteries (Li-S batteries), supercapacitors, and other energy storage devices are discussed. Finally, the authors conclude with the current challenges and perspectives of the heterostructure materials for the fields of energy storage.

Emerging of Heterostructure Materials in Energy Storage: A Review.

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) are cost-effective and high-energy-density batteries. However, the insulating nature of active materials, the shuttle effect, and slow redox kinetics lead to severe capacity decay and low rate capabilities. Numerous multimodal approaches have been attempted to tackle these issues and have pushed the cycle stability and energy density to higher levels. Recently, accelerating the redox kinetics using catalytic materials has been considered as a means to realize high-performance LSBs. In this Minireview, we provide an insightful overview of the advances in the design of LSB catalytic materials and mechanistic descriptions of their catalytic activities.

A Comprehensive Review of Materials with Catalytic Effects in Li-S Batteries: Enhanced Redox Kinetics.

Electro-, photo-, and photoelectrocatalysis play a critical role toward the realization of a sustainable energy economy. They facilitate numerous redox reactions in energy storage and conversion systems, enabling the production of chemical feedstock and clean fuels from abundant resources like water, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen. One major obstacle for their large-scale implementation is the scarcity of cost-effective, durable, and efficient catalysts. A family of two-dimensional transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides (MXenes) has recently emerged as promising earth-abundant candidates for large-area catalytic energy storage and conversion due to their unique properties of hydrophilicity, high metallic conductivity, and ease of production by solution processing. To take full advantage of these desirable properties, MXenes have been combined with other materials to form MXene hybrids with significantly enhanced catalytic performances beyond the sum of their individual components. MXene hybridization tunes the electronic structure toward optimal binding of redox active species to improve intrinsic activity while increasing the density and accessibility of active sites. This review outlines recent strategies in the design of MXene hybrids for industrially relevant electrocatalytic, photocatalytic, and photoelectrocatalytic applications such as water splitting, metal-air/sulfur batteries, carbon dioxide reduction, and nitrogen reduction. By clarifying the roles of individual material components in the MXene hybrids, we provide design strategies to synergistically couple MXenes with associated materials for highly efficient and durable catalytic applications. We conclude by highlighting key gaps in the current understanding of MXene hybrids to guide future MXene hybrid designs in catalytic energy storage and conversion applications.

/pdf/rational-design-of-two-dimensional-transition-metal-carbide-475jnshg2v.pdf

Rational Design of Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Carbide/Nitride (MXene) Hybrids and Nanocomposites for Catalytic Energy Storage and Conversion

Despite high-energy density and low cost of the lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries, their commercial success is greatly impeded by their severe capacity decay during long-term cycling caused by polysulfide shuttling. Herein, a new phase engineering strategy is demonstrated for making MXene/1T-2H MoS2-C nanohybrids for boosting the performance of Li–S batteries in terms of capacity, rate ability, and stability. It is found that the plentiful positively charged S-vacancy defects created on MXene/1T-2H MoS2-C, proved by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance, can serve as strong adsorption and activation sites for polar polysulfide intermediates, accelerate redox reactions, and prevent the dissolution of polysulfides. As a consequence, the novel MXene/1T-2H MoS2-C-S cathode delivers a high initial capacity of 1194.7 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, a high level of capacity retention of 799.3 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles at 0.5 C, and reliable operation in soft-package batteries. The present MXene/1T-2H MoS2-C becomes among the best cathode materials for Li–S batteries.

Rational Design of MXene/1T-2H MoS2-C Nanohybrids for High-Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Zhonghui Sun

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Rational Design of MXene/1T-2H MoS2-C Nanohybrids for High-Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries