Synthetic pathways to water-soluble phthalocyanines and close analogs

This review covers publications from the second half of 2016 to the middle of 2017. Techniques and applications relevant to clinical and biological materials, foods and beverages are discussed in the text, presenting the key aspects of the work referenced, while the tables provide a summary of the publications considered. Further to the observations made in the 2017 Update, we have noted the increase in publications featuring nanomaterials. Topics relate to exposure and absorption of nanoparticles; potential toxicity, use as reagents in analytical methods and the analysis or characterisation of these materials. A growing number of techniques are being applied to bio-imaging. In particular, those involving XRF spectrometry are being applied to a large range of biological sample types. A gradual trend during recent years, that is now quite apparent, has been the increasing proportion of publications that involve foods and beverages compared with clinical samples. Not necessarily related, but another trend is the growing number of reports from laboratories in the Republic of China.

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in the analysis of clinical and biological materials, foods and beverages

98 – The Synthesis of Symmetrical Phthalocyanines

Comparatively singlet oxygen efficiency by sono-photochemical and photochemical studies of new lutetium (III) phthalocyanines

The negative ion MALDI-MS and ESI-MS behaviour of sulphonated. copper phthalocyanine dyes has shown the presence of both anionic and radical anionic species. Substituent groups such as sulphonates and linker arms, as are present in commercial dyes such as Remazol TB and Everzol TB, are found to be labile and the dyes undergo in-source fragmentation in both MALDI-MS and ESI-MS. Ions corresponding to sodium salts can be formed. It appears that Cu is firmly bound in the phthalocyanine structure, unlike the corresponding Mg and Al chelates that can undergo demetallation. The application of ESI-MS' confirmed that these labile groups can be fragmented from the dye molecules and, in addition, SO2 losses are observed as for EI-MS. Hydrolysed commercial azo dyes such as Remazol Black B (I) and Remazol Red RB (III) showed both singly and doubly charged molecular anion species as well as sodium salts using negative ion ESI-MS, but did not desulphonate like the copper phthalocyanine dyes. The application of ESI-MSn revealed fragmentation of the dye molecules with the loss of entities such as HOCH2CH2SO2C6H4N2 (for both dyes) and SO2 (for Remazol Black B). MALDI-MS, ESI-MS and ESI-MSn can therefore be used for the characterisation of such dyes by exploiting these fragmentation processes, and some structural information can be obtained for the dyes whose structures are not in the public domain. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Study of the mass spectrometric behaviour of phthalocyanine and azo dyes using electrospray ionisation and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation

It is well-known that aviation alloys of different grades show large differences in mechanical properties. At present, alloys must be strictly distinguished in the manufacturing plant because their close appearance and density are easily confused In this work, the wavelet transform (WT) method combined with the least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) is applied to the classification and identification of aviation alloys by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). This experiment employed six different grades of aviation alloy as the classification samples and obtained 100 sets of spectral data for each sample. This research included the steps of preprocessing the obtained spectral data, model training, and parameter optimization. Finally, the accuracy of the training set was 99.98%, and the accuracy of the test set was 99.56%. Therefore, it is concluded that the model has superior generalization capacity and portability. The result of this work illustrates that LIBS technology can be adopted for the rapid identification of aviation alloys, which is of great significance for on-site quality control and efficiency improvement of aerospace parts manufacturing.

/pdf/classification-of-aviation-alloys-using-laser-induced-2hgd7hk5.pdf

Classification of Aviation Alloys Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Based on a WT-PSO-LSSVM Model

Aluminium phthalocyanine and copper, nickel and zinc 4,4′,4″,4‴-tetra carboxyl phthalocyanines have been studied by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization(MALDI) and fast-atom bombardment(FAB) mass spectrometry. Aluminium phthalocyanines can be analysed by both FAB and MALDI with promising results but FAB provides more fragment information. The carboxyl derivatives are less volatile than the unsubstituted compounds and their mass spectra cannot be obtained by FAB, but can be obtained by MALDI with good results.

Matrix-assisted laser desorption and fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry of water-soluble phthalocyanines and their carboxyl derivatives

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) capsid assembly modulators (CAMs) have been developed as effective anti-HBV agents in the treatment of chronic HBV infection by targeting the HBV core protein and inducing the formation of aberrant or morphologically normal capsid. However, some CAMs have been observed adverse events such as ALT flares and rash. Therefore, finding new CAMs is of great importance. In this report, we synthesized N-sulfonylpiperidine-3-carboxamides (SPCs) derivatives and evaluated their anti-HBV activities. Among the SPC derivatives, compound C-49 notably suppressed HBV replication in HepAD38, HepG2-HBV1.3 and HepG2-NTCP cells. Moreover, treatment with C-49 for 12 days exhibited potent anti-HBV activity (100 mg/kg; 2.42 log reduction of serum HBV DNA) in HBV-transgenic mice without apparent hepatotoxicity. Our findings provided a new SPC derivative as HBV capsid assembly modulator for developing safe and efficient anti-HBV therapy. 

Synthesis and evaluation of N-sulfonylpiperidine-3-carboxamide derivatives as capsid assembly modulators inhibiting HBV in vitro and in HBV-transgenic mice.

Rapid Analysis of Steel Powder for 3D Printing Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

The self-absorption effect in an optically thick plasma seriously affects the spectral line intensity and the measurement accuracy of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). In this work, a self-absorption correction method based on intensity self-calibration of doublet lines belonging to the same multiplet is proposed. The K/Δλ0 parameter and self-absorption coefficient (SA) of the doublet lines of the analytical element can be calculated based on the measured actual lines intensity ratio and the K parameters ratio. Compared with the generally applied self-absorption correction methods, this method can effectively reduce the influence of laser energy and plasma plume fluctuations and the non-uniformity distribution of the element in the plasma, and is independent of the availability of Stark broadening coefficients. So it has obvious advantages of high computation efficiency, high analysis accuracy and good applicability. Univariate quantitative analysis results of aluminum (Al) show that the correlation coefficient of calibration curves and the measurement accuracy of elemental content have been significantly improved with the self-absorption correction.

A self-absorption correction method based on intensity self-calibration of doublet lines with the same upper energy levels

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