This article investigates heat transfer enhancement in free convection flow of Maxwell nanofluids with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) over a vertically static plate with constant wall temperature. Two kinds of CNTs i.e. single walls carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multiple walls carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are suspended in four different types of base liquids (Kerosene oil, Engine oil, water and ethylene glycol). Kerosene oil-based nanofluids are given a special consideration due to their higher thermal conductivities, unique properties and applications. The problem is modelled in terms of PDE’s with initial and boundary conditions. Some relevant non-dimensional variables are inserted in order to transmute the governing problem into dimensionless form. The resulting problem is solved via Laplace transform technique and exact solutions for velocity, shear stress and temperature are acquired. These solutions are significantly controlled by the variations of parameters including the relaxation time, Prandtl number, Grashof number and nanoparticles volume fraction. Velocity and temperature increases with elevation in Grashof number while Shear stress minimizes with increasing Maxwell parameter. A comparison between SWCNTs and MWCNTs in each case is made. Moreover, a graph showing the comparison amongst four different types of nanofluids for both CNTs is also plotted.

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Heat transfer enhancement in free convection flow of CNTs Maxwell nanofluids with four different types of molecular liquids

Unsteady MHD flow and heat transfer of fractional Maxwell viscoelastic nanofluid with Cattaneo heat flux and different particle shapes

Effect of SWCNTs and MWCNTs Maxwell MHD nanofluid flow between two stretchable rotating disks under convective boundary conditions

A mathematical model is constructed to examine the impact of magnetic field and thermal radiation on flow and heat transfer analysis of carbon nanotubes-based nanofluids by taking base fluid as the water between two revolving stretchable disks with convective boundary conditions in the present investigation. The most extensively validated finite element technique is employed to solve the reduced nonlinear ordinary differential equations together with boundary conditions. Velocity and temperature distributions are calculated and are displayed through graphs for various values of pertinent parameters entered into the problem. Furthermore, the values of rates of change of velocity and temperature are examined in detail and are portrayed in tabular form. The values of skin friction coefficient at both upper and lower disks elevates in the boundary layer regime with rising values of Deborah number in both nanofluids, and this augmentation is higher in MWCNTs–water- than SWCNTs–water-based Maxwell nanofluid. Temperature of the fluid in both nanofluids deteriorates as the values of nanoparticle volume fraction parameter upsurge, and this deterioration in temperature distributions is higher in SWCNTs–water- than the MWCNTs–water-based Maxwell nanofluid.

Flow and heat transfer analysis of carbon nanotubes-based Maxwell nanofluid flow driven by rotating stretchable disks with thermal radiation

In this work, analytical solution of hybrid Maxwell nanofluid of the vertical channel due to pressure gradient is discussed. By introducing dimensionless variables the governing equations with all levied initial and boundary conditions is converted into dimensionless form. Fractional model for Maxwell fluid is developed by Caputo time fractional differential operator by using the constitutive relation. The dimensionless expression for temperature and velocity are found using Laplace transform. Draw graphs of temperature and velocity by Mathcad software and discuss the behavior of flow parameters and the effect of fractional parameters. As a result, we have found by increasing the volumetric fraction of copper and alumina temperature increases and velocity decreases. Also, fluid flow properties showed dual behavior for small and large time, respectively, by increasing fractional parameters values.

Convective flow of a Maxwell hybrid nanofluid due to pressure gradient in a channel

MHD flow and heat transfer of fractional Maxwell viscoelastic nanofluid over a moving plate

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MHD flow and heat transfer of fractional Maxwell viscoelastic nanofluid over a moving plate