A critical review on graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)-based materials: Preparation, modification and environmental application

High efficiency removal of heavy metals using tire-derived activated carbon vs commercial activated carbon: Insights into the adsorption mechanisms.

Adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) by magnetic activated carbon and its mechanism.

Adsorption behavior and mechanism of Mg/Fe layered double hydroxide with Fe3O4-carbon spheres on the removal of Pb(II) and Cu(II).

Synthesis of Schiff base functionalized superparamagnetic Fe3O4 composites for effective removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution

g-C3N4 modified magnetic Fe3O4 adsorbent: Preparation, characterization, and performance of Zn(II), Pb(II) and Cd(II) removal from aqueous solution

Preparation of L-arginine modified magnetic adsorbent by one-step method for removal of Zn(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution

A novel magnetic silica gel adsorbent (Fe3O4-Si-COOH) was successfully prepared by introducing carboxyl group in situ to improve the performance for Pb(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II) adsorption Infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA), the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) characterizations suggested that Fe3O4-Si-COOH has been successfully prepared The adsorption performance was evaluated by batch experiments with different initial concentrations, ionic strength, contact time, and pH The adsorption kinetics data followed pseudo-second-order model and exhibited a three-stage intraparticle diffusion mode Isothermal adsorption equilibrium data were best fitted by the Freundlich model and the adsorption capacity were 155, 110, and 93 mg/g (initial concentration 210 mg/L) for Pb(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II), respectively The result of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) survey spectrum suggested that the main adsorption mechanism is that the H+ of carboxyl groups exchanged with heavy metal ions in the adsorption processes In addition, the adsorbed Fe3O4-Si-COOH could be regenerated and the adsorption capacity of reused Fe3O4-Si-COOH could maintain 803% after five cycles Hence, the Fe3O4-Si-COOH could be a kind of potential material for removing Pb(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II) from wastewater

Zn(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II) adsorption from aqueous solution by magnetic silica gel: preparation, characterization, and adsorption

A novel l -arginine modified magnetic bioadsorbent (Fe3O4-CS-L) was fabricated to remove Zn(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution by adsorption method. Several techniques such as FT-IR, SEM, XRD, TGA and VSM were used for characterizing the Fe3O4-CS-L. The results showed that the Fe3O4-CS-L was successfully prepared. Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the parameters affecting the adsorption of the novel magnetic bioadsorbent to metal irons, such as adsorption isotherm and adsorption kinetics. The adsorption equilibrium was commendably described by pseudo-second-order model. Langmuir model was better than Freundlich model to describe adsorption isotherm data and the predicted maximum adsorption capacities of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) were 256.41 mg/g, 156.99 mg/g and 128.63 mg/g, respectively. Competition adsorption results showed that the adsorption order of Fe3O4-CS-L to metal ions was Pb(II) > Zn(II) > Cd(II). Moreover, regeneration studies suggested that Fe3O4-CS-L has a good recyclability. All the results showed that Fe3O4-CS-L could be a promising material in environment pollution cleanup.

Synthesis of magnetic bioadsorbent for adsorption of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution

Three-Dimensional magnetic nanocomposite (Fe3O4@g-C3N4) was first prepared and used to removal Pb2+ from aqueous solution by adsorption method. Various of techniques were used to character Fe3O4@g-C3N4 such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA). Batch experiments with different pH, initial concentration, contact time and ionic strength were used to evaluate the adsorption performance of Fe3O4@g-C3N4. The adsorption kinetics data followed pseudo-second-order model. The isothermal adsorption equilibrium data were best described by Langmuir model and predicated adsorption capacity was 423.73 mg g−1 for Pb2+. The result of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) survey spectrum suggested that the main adsorption mechanism of Fe3O4@g-C3N4 for Pb2+ is the coordination between conjugated π-electron pairs of heptazine (C6N7) units or triazine ring (C3N3) units and sp2 C N with metal ions. By comparing the adsorption capacities of Fe3O4, g-C3N4 and Fe3O4@g-C3N4, it can be found that the adsorption capacity of g-C3N4 would increase by increasing the layer spacing. Fe3O4@g-C3N4 could be regenerated by HNO3 and the adsorption capacity of regenerative Fe3O4@g-C3N4 could maintain 89.3% after five cycles. The adsorption capacity of Fe3O4@g-C3N4 for Pb2+ is 121.42 mg g−1 in acid electrolytic zinc residue percolate. Therefore, the Fe3O4@g-C3N4 is a potential adsorbent for removing Pb2+ from wastewater.

Three-dimensional magnetic graphitic carbon nitride composites as high-performance adsorbent for removal Pb2+ from aqueous solution

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