Time-frequency optimization of RSEI: A case study of Yangtze River Basin

The lateral movement of soil carbon has a profound effect on the carbon budget of terrestrial ecosystems; however, it has never been quantified in China, which is one of the strongest soil erosion areas in the world. In this study, we estimated that the overall soil erosion in China varies from 11.27 to 18.17 Pg yr−1 from 1982 to 2011, accounting for 7–21% of total soil erosion globally. Soil erosion induces a substantial lateral redistribution of soil organic carbon ranging from 0.64 to 1.04 Pg C yr−1. The erosion-induced carbon flux ranges from a 0.19 Pg C yr−1 carbon source to a 0.24 Pg C yr−1 carbon sink in the terrestrial ecosystem, which is potentially comparable in magnitude to previously estimated total carbon budget of China (0.19 to 0.26 Pg yr−1). Our results showed that the lateral movement of soil carbon strongly alters the carbon budget in China, and highlighted the urgent need to integrate the processes of soil erosion into the regional or global carbon cycle estimates.

Inclusion of Soil Carbon Lateral Movement Alters Terrestrial Carbon Budget in China

Modeling watershed carbon dynamics as affected by land cover change and soil erosion

The distribution of terrestrial soil organic carbon changes with climate and substrate conditions. This study investigated the spatial and temporal distribution of soil organic carbon and its influencing elements in the Yarlung Tsangpo River Basin using meteorological, subsurface, and remotely sensed data over the past 39 years, combined with random forests and geodetector. The results of the study showed that soil organic carbon has been increasing in the study area over the past 39 years, and this change has been concentrated in the central part of the watershed. Among the environmental factors, precipitation, temperature, and leaf area index were the main contributors to the soil organic carbon changes, and the effects of the three factors were more significant at higher altitudes, with a 33 % increase in the significance level. Notably, the interactions among the factors exceeded their individual effects, and the combination of climate and leaf area index showed a significant two-factor enhancement effect, with q-value enhancements generally ranging from 0.15 to 0.3. The two-factor enhancement effect was more pronounced below 3000 m above sea level, where the topography of the study area concentrates soil organic carbon in the gently sloping areas of the catchment. 

Changes in soil organic carbon and its response to environmental factors in the Yarlung Tsangpo River basin

Concentration of organic carbon in Finnish catchments and variables involved in its variations

Soil erosion by water affects soil organic carbon (SOC) migration and distribution, which are important processes for defining ecosystem carbon sources and sinks. Little has been done to quantify soil carbon erosion in the three major basins in China, the Yangtze River, Yellow River and Pearl River Basins, which contain the most eroded areas. This research attempts to quantify the lateral movement of SOC based on spatial and temporal patterns of water erosion rates derived from an empirical Unit Stream Power Erosion Deposition Model (USPED) model. The water erosion rates simulated by the USPED model agreed reasonably with observations (R2 = 0.43, P < 0.01). We showed that regional water erosion ranged within 23.3–50 Mg ha–1 year–1 during 1992–2013, inducing the lateral redistribution of SOC caused by erosion in the range of 0.027–0.049 Mg C ha–1 year–1, and that caused by deposition of 0.0079–0.015 Mg C ha–1 year–1, in the three basins. The total eroded SOC was 0.006, 0.002 and 0.001 Pg year–1 in the Yangtze River, Yellow River and Pearl River Basins respectively. The net eroded SOC in the three basins was ~0.0075 Pg C year–1. Overall, the annual average redistributed SOC rate caused by erosion was greater than that caused by deposition, and the SOC loss in the Yangtze River Basin was greatest among the three basins. Our study suggests that considering both processes of erosion and deposition – as well as effects of topography, rainfall, land use types and their interactions – on these processes are important to understand SOC redistribution caused by water erosion.

Estimating soil organic carbon redistribution in three major river basins of China based on erosion processes

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Estimating soil organic carbon redistribution in three major river basins of China based on erosion processes