The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following autologous breast reconstruction, assess risk factors that may predict incidence and assess the accuracy of the Caprini risk assessment model. 

Incidence of and Risk Factors for Post-Operative Venous Thromboembolism After Free Flap Breast Reconstruction in a London Teaching Hospital: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Objective To compare the haemodynamic effects of different ankle movements combined ankle and toe movements on the femoral vein of the lower extremity. Methods 28 healthy volunteers participated in the study. Doppler ultrasound was used to measure peak systolic velocity and time-averaged mean velocity of the common femoral vein during ankle dorsiflexion, ankle dorsiflexion with simultaneous toe extension, ankle plantarflexion, and ankle plantarflexion with simultaneous toe flexion. Results In comparison to the resting state, both ankle alone or ankle combined with toe movement showed statistically significant differences ( p &lt; .01). However, there were no significant difference in the velocity of the common femoral vein between ankle alone and ankle combined with toe movement ( p &gt; .05). It is noteworthy that dorsiflexion of the ankle resulted in the highest peak velocity of blood flow. Conclusion The impact of ankle movement, with or without toe movement, the velocity of the common femoral vein is not significantly correlated. 

The impact of ankle movements on venous return flow: A comparative study

Introduction This study investigated the current status of patients' knowledge and clinical compliance with ankle pump exercises in order to better enhance patient education and improve patient compliance with ankle pump exercises. Methods A cross-sectional survey of the current status of ankle pump exercise awareness and compliance was conducted using a self-designed questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of a general demographic information questionnaire, a questionnaire on patients’ perceptions of ankle pump exercise and a compliance questionnaire. Results A total of 2,203 patients from 53 clinical departments participated in this survey. 87.8% of patients considered ankle pump exercise important, 92.1% could grasp the knowledge of ankle pump exercise, 48.5% could self-monitor and exercise daily as instructed, 81.5% of health care workers would often supervise patients to complete ankle pump exercise, poor self-control (34.6%), lack of physical strength (21.1%) and perceived hassle (18.9%) were the top 3 factors contributing to patients' inability to complete the ankle pump exercise. Regression analysis showed that the factors influencing patients' compliance with the ankle pump exercise were literacy, economic level, number of comorbidities and caprini risk class (p < .05). Conclusion The patient’s cognition of ankle pump exercise is good, but the compliance needs to be improved. It is suggested that the compliance of ankle pump exercise in hospitalized patients should be improved in the future to reduce the incidence of Venous thromboembolism.

Views of inpatients on the prevention of venous thrombosis with ankle pump exercise: A cross-sectional survey

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Views of inpatients on the prevention of venous thrombosis with ankle pump exercise: A cross-sectional survey