European larch ( Larix decidua ) is naturally distributed at high elevations in Central Europe. Romanian populations of L. decidua are scattered in different areas of the country. In this study, we used 12 highly informative genomic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for genotyping seven populations from different areas of Romania. The SSR markers were highly variable, with up to 11 alleles per SSR locus and an average polymorphic information content of 0.713. High values of observed ( H o = 0.542) and expected ( H e = 0.738) heterozygosities were observed. Cluster analysis of populations did not group them according to geographical distance, but some clusters contained populations from a similar altitudinal range. The partition of genetic variation revealed that two-thirds of the genetic variation was found within individuals (due to high H o levels), while only one-sixth of the total genetic variation corresponded to variation among populations. A population structure analysis identified four genetic clusters, and in most cases individuals from a single population were assigned to several genetic clusters. Multivariate principal coordinates analysis confirmed the population structure analysis. SSR markers are a powerful tool for evaluating diversity, relationships, and the genetic structure of Romanian L. decidua populations, which have high levels of diversity and low genetic structuration.

/pdf/highly-informative-ssr-genotyping-reveals-large-genetic-2zbs2j4rkq.pdf

Highly informative SSR genotyping reveals large genetic diversity and limited differentiation in European larch ( Larix decidua ) populations from Romania

Despite variable dynamics of genetic diversification at the different altitudinal levels, strong gene flow tends to standardize larch genetic diversity: the larch forest distributed along the altitudinal gradient can be regarded as a single population.
 While in forest tree species many studies focus on the structure of the genetic diversity at the natural range and at the forest stand levels, few studies have worked at intermediate levels like the landscape level. We tried to determine to what degree altitude variation can affect the genetic diversity and the local structure of the genetic diversity of European larch (Larix decidua Miller) at the landscape level. Using microsatellite markers, we determined the between- and within-plot genetic structure and the spatial genetic structure (SGS) of four altitudinal plots distributed between 1,350 and 2,300 m a.s.l. in a European larch forest located in the French Alps. A homogenous neutral genetic structure was detected along this gradient. The intensity of the SGS was found to be stronger at 2,300 m and decreased at the 2,000-m plot. It was low or non-existent at the 1,700- and 1,350-m altitudinal levels. Our results suggest that the genetic structure observed at the landscape level in this European larch forest was only slightly affected by climatic variation, human activities, or historical events. However, the variation of intensity of the SGS within the altitudinal plots indicates the existence of variable genetic dynamics, despite the globally uniform genetic structure along the altitudinal gradient.

/pdf/genetic-differentiation-of-european-larch-along-an-z83growmkb.pdf

Genetic differentiation of European larch along an altitudinal gradient in the French Alps

Larix potaninii var. chinensis is endemic to China and is found only on several peaks of the Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province. In China, it is classified in the second class of national protected rare plants. To estimate genetic diversity and to analyze population genetic structure of L. potaninii var. chinensis, 120 individual samples from six natural populations were assessed using seven Larix SSR primer pairs. The results indicate that the level of genetic diversity of L. potaninii var. chinensis is very high, with a mean number of alleles per locus of 4.71. On the other hand, correspondingly low genetic differentiation was found between populations, with an F (ST) value of 0.116, suggesting that more than four-fifths of the genetic variation resides within populations. Besides the influence of habitat heterogeneity and historical distribution, the high level of genetic diversity of L. potaninii var. chinensis is also attributed to its biological characteristics. The definite genetic differentiation among populations, however, is attributed to the effects of genetic drift and natural selection, which are most likely due to the spatial isolation and inclement climate of the species' habitat. This study also revealed evidence that L. potaninii var. chinensis could be endangered, and some conservation strategies are suggested.

Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Population Differentiation of Larix potaninii var . chinensis Using Microsatellite DNA

La forte variation climatique, notamment de la temperature qui est associee a la distribution altitudinale de certains peuplements d’arbres forestiers peut induire des pressions de selection divergentes favorisant l’expression de phenotypes differents en fonction de l’altitude. Cette these a pour objectif de determiner si des adaptations locales existent et peuvent etre mises en evidence dans un peuplement de meleze (Larix decidua Mill.) distribue le long d’un gradient altitudinal situe dans les Alpes francaises, a proximite de Briancon. Quatre placettes d’environ 200 melezes ont ete delimitees a 2300 m, 2000 m, 1700 m et 1350 m d’altitude le long de ce gradient. Une variabilite phenotypique significative a ete observee entre ces niveaux altitudinaux pour la plupart des caracteres etudies : circonference, hauteur de l’arbre, pourcentage d’aubier ainsi que pour toutes les variables microdensitometriques de cernes sauf une (la largeur de cerne). Une analyse de genetique des populations utilisant des marqueurs microsatellites a mis en evidence une faible influence de la derive genetique sur la diversite genetique et une forte intensite de flux de genes entre les differents niveaux altitudinaux etudies. La differenciation genetique inter-altitudes a ete estimee a l’aide d’une approche in-situ basee sur les donnees phenotypiques seules (PST) et comparee a la differenciation observee a l’aide des marqueurs microsatellites (FST). Cette analyse indique que l’hypothese d’adaptations locales avec l’altitude peut etre raisonnablement avancee pour les caracteres de hauteur, circonference, pourcentage d’aubier et densite du bois initial. Au contraire, l’adaptation locale n’apparait pas comme une hypothese acceptable pour les caracteres de largeur de cerne, surface de cerne, largeur du bois final et densite du bois final.

Ajustement biologique du mélèze aux variations environnementales le long d’un gradient altitudinal : approche microdensitométrique de la réponse au climat

Genetic diversity within and among six subpopulations of Larix decidua Mill. from two altitudinal transects of Swiss Alps was investigated using 6 enzyme systems coding for 8 loci. Globally, the mean proportion of polymorphic loci was 22.9%, the average number of alleles per locus was 1.3, and the mean expected heterozygosity was 0.095. Only 5.8% of the genetic variation resided among populations. The mean genetic distance was 0.006. Several significant differences of gene frequencies were found between different age classes. Positive values of the species mean fixation index observed in this study suggested a considerable deficit of heterozygotes in the populations of L. decidua of Swiss Alps. At one of the sites (Arpette), the highest subpopulation in elevation gave the lowest level of genetic diversity (as evidenced by the lowest proportion of polymorphic loci and the lowest mean expected heterozygosity) and the largest value of genetic distance when compared to other subpopulations. The genetic differences between the highest subpopulation and the other ones suggest that the founder effect may be an important factor influencing genetic differentiation of L. decidua populations at Arpette transect.

Genetic Variation and Differentiation of Larix decidua Populations in Swiss Alps

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Zhao Gui

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Genetic Variation and Differentiation of Larix decidua Populations in Swiss Alps