Compounds and salts thereof, formulations thereof, conjugates thereof, derivatives thereof, forms thereof and uses thereof are described. In certain aspects and embodiments, the described compounds or salts thereof, formulations thereof, conjugates thereof, derivatives thereof, forms thereof are active on at least one Raf protein kinase. In certain aspects and embodiments, the described compounds are active in inhibiting proliferation of a Ras mutant cell line. Also described are methods of use thereof to treat diseases and conditions, including diseases and conditions associated with activity of B-Raf V600E mutant protein kinase, including melanoma, glioma, glioblastoma multiforme, pilocytic astrocytoma, colorectal cancer, thyroid cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer, gallbladder cancer, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, biliary tract cancer, and cholangiocarcinoma. Also described are methods of use thereof to treat diseases and conditions, including diseases and conditions associated with activity of c-Raf-1 protein kinase, including acute pain, chronic pain or polycystic kidney disease.

Compounds and methods for kinase modulation, and indications therefor

In the course of the present invention, it was discovered that one could regulate association between polypeptides by modifying amino acid residues that form the interface during the association to amino acids carrying the same type of charge. In this context, the present invention enables efficient formation of heterologous molecules. For example, the present invention can be suitably applied to the preparation of bispecific antibodies.

Methods for Producing Polypeptides by Regulating Polypeptide Association

The invention provides novel polypeptides having phospholipase activity, including, eg, phospholipase A, B, C and D activity, patatin activity, phosphatidic acid phosphatases (PAP)) and/or lipid acyl hydrolase (LAH) activity, nucleic acids encoding them and antibodies that bind to them Industrial methods, eg, oil degumming, and products comprising use of these phospholipases are also provided

Phospholipases, nucleic acids encoding them and methods for making and using them

Compounds active on Ret are described, as well as methods of using such compounds. Also described are crystal structures of Ret surrogates that were determined using X-ray crystallography. The use of such Ret surrogate crystals and strucural information can, for example, be used for identifying molecular scaffolds and for developing ligands that bind to and modulate Ret and for identifying improved ligands based on known ligands.

Compounds and methods for development of Ret modulators

We report that reduced graphene-coated gold nanoparticles (r-GO-AuNPs) are excellent visible-light-responsive photocatalysts for the photoconversion of CO2 into formic acid (HCOOH). The wavelength-dependent quantum and chemical yields of HCOOH shows a significant contribution of plasmon-induced hot electrons for CO2 photoconversion. Furthermore, the presence and reduced state of the graphene layers are critical parameters for the efficient CO2 photoconversion because of the electron mobility of graphene. With an excellent selectivity toward HCOOH (>90%), the quantum yield of HCOOH using r-GO-AuNPs is 1.52%, superior to that of Pt-coated AuNPs (quantum yield: 1.14%). This indicates that r-GO is a viable alternative to platinum metal. The excellent colloidal stability and photocatalytic stability of r-GO-AuNPs enables CO2 photoconversion under more desirable reaction conditions. These results highlight the role of reduced graphene layers as highly efficient electron acceptors and transporters to facilitate ...

/pdf/ultrafast-and-efficient-transport-of-hot-plasmonic-electrons-3oehx6vfxq.pdf

Ultrafast and Efficient Transport of Hot Plasmonic Electrons by Graphene for Pt Free, Highly Efficient Visible-Light Responsive Photocatalyst

A reactive solid carrier favorably employable for manufacturing DNA chip is composed of a solid carrier and a plurality of vinylsulfonyl groups or their reactive precursors each of which is fixed onto a surface of the solid carrier by covalent bonding via a linking group, and a method for producing a DNA chip is performed by bringing the reactive solid carrier into contact with nucleotide derivatives or their analogues having a reactive group which is reactive with the vinylsulfonyl group or reactive precursor fixed to the solid carrier.

DNA chip and reactive solid carrier

PHOTOSENSITISED electron transport across membranes is a useful model reaction for photosynthesis. We have previously reported1 the photoredox reaction in/on liposomes. Other similar studies have used chlorophyll as a sensitiser2,3, but this compound is easily broken and difficult to purify. The surfactant analogues of metal complexes (particularly tris-(2,2′-bipyridine) Ru2+)4–6 are also widely used, but with such photosensitisers which possess long alkyl chains, electron transport does not occur in the absence of electron carriers such as quinones or carotenes. We report here the occurrence of photosensitised electron transport across the single phospholipid wall of the liposome using methylene blue as both a sensitiser and an electron carrier. This is the first report of photosensitised electron transport across a membrane using a dye not only as a photosensitiser but also as an electron carrier.

Photoinduced electron transport across phospholipid wall of liposome using methylene blue

A multi-component measurement dry analysis element for use in a method for testing a specimen, the method using an area sensor as a detector to obtain a result of measurement according to information of 1000 pixels or more per one component and to perform simultaneous measurements of plural components.

Analysis element for use in method of testing specimen

The trans-membrane electron transport reaction was studied in the single wall liposome system in the presence of various redox dyes both in the irradiated and non-irradiated system. The reaction proceed through the steps coupled with the dye redox cycle, and was completely controlled by the redox property of dye.

The trans-membrane electron transport coupled with dye redox cycle in the liposome system

According to the present invention, there is provided a reactive solid support having a porous substrate wherein the porous region has a fine pore diameter of about 2 nm to about 1000 nm, a porosity of about 10% to about 90% and a thickness of about 0.01 μm to about 70 μm, to the surface of which a group of vinyl sulfonyl groups or their reactive precursor groups are fixed by covalent bond via a linking group, respectively. According to the present invention, a probe of a nucleotide derivative or its analog nucleotide such as an oligonucleotide, a polynucleotide, or a peptide nucleic acid can be fixed in high density with high stability on the surface of a solid support having a porosity.

Reactive solid support and DNA fragment detection tool

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