The emissions of greenhouse gases, especially CO2, have been identified as the main contributor for global warming and climate change. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is considered to be the most promising strategy to mitigate the anthropogenic CO2 emissions. This review aims to provide the latest developments of CO2 storage from the perspective of improving safety and economics. The mechanisms and strategies of CO2 storage, focusing on their characteristics and current status, are discussed firstly. In the second section, the strategies for assessing and ensuring the security of CO2 storage operations, including the risks assessment approach and monitoring technology associated with CO2 storage, are outlined. In addition, the engineering methods to accelerate CO2 dissolution and mineral carbonation for fixing the mobile CO2 are also compared within the second section. The third part focuses on the strategies for improving economics of CO2 storage operations, namely enhanced industrial production with CO2 storage to generate additional profit, and co-injection of CO2 with impurities to reduce the cost. Moreover, the role of multiple CCS technologies and their distribution on the mitigation of CO2 emissions in the future are summarized. This review demonstrates that CO2 storage in depleted oil and gas reservoirs could play an important role in reducing CO2 emission in the near future and CO2 storage in saline aquifers may make the biggest contribution due to its huge storage capacity. Comparing the various available strategies, CO2-enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) operations are supposed to play the most important role for CO2 mitigation in the next few years, followed by CO2-enhanced gas recovery (CO2-EGR). The direct mineralization of flue gas by coal fly ash and the pH swing mineralization would be the most promising technology for the mineral sequestration of CO2. Furthermore, by accelerating the deployment of CCS projects on large scale, the government can also play its role in reducing the CO2 emissions.

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A Review of CO2 Storage in View of Safety and Cost-Effectiveness

Synthesis, characteristics and mechanistic insight into the clays and clay minerals-biochar surface interactions for contaminants removal-A review

A comparison of Ni-Co layered double oxides with memory effect on recovering U(VI) from wastewater to hydroxides

The adsorption behavior of U(VI) and Th(IV) metal ions by MnFe2O4 NPs was studied as a function of pH, mass of sorbent, contact time, and temperature. Kinetic data was fitted to Pseudo second-order model and qm reached maximum value at pH 3 for Th(IV) and at pH 3.0–5.0 for U(VI) after 3 h. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Raduskevich isotherm equations were applied to the adsorption data and the proper constants were derived. Adsorption isotherms were studied at different temperature to find ΔH°, ΔG°, and ΔS°. Recovery was carried out by using 0.10 M of HNO3, HCl, EDTA, Na2CO3 and NaCl.

Manganese ferrite (MnFe 2 O 4 ) as potential nanosorbent for adsorption of uranium(VI) and thorium(IV)

Evaluation of the effectiveness of VOC-contaminated soil preparation based on AHP-CRITIC-TOPSIS model.

Adsorption of benzene vapor on natural silicate clay minerals under different moisture contents and binary mineral mixtures

Carbon dioxide injection into deep saline aquifers results in a variety of strongly coupled physical and chemical processes. In this study, reactive transport simulations using a 2-D radial model were performed to investigate the fate of the injected CO2, the effect of CO2-water-rock interactions on mineral alteration, and the long-term CO2 sequestration mechanisms of the Liujiagou Formation sandstone at the Shenhua CCS (carbon capture and storage) pilot site of China. Carbon dioxide was injected at a constant rate of 0.1 Mt/year for 30 years, and the fluid flow and geochemical transport simulation was run for a period of 10 000 years by the TOUGHREACT code according to the underground conditions of the Liujiagou Formation. The results show that different trapping phases of CO2 vary with time. Sensitivity analyses indicate that plagioclase composition and chlorite presence are the most significant determinants of stable carbonate minerals and CO2 mineral trapping capacity. For arkosic arenite in the Liujiagou Formation, CO2 can be immobilized by precipitation of ankerite, magnesite, siderite, dawsonite, and calcite for different mineral compositions, with Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+ and Na+ provided by dissolution of calcite, albite (or oligoclase) and chlorite. This study can provide useful insights into the geochemistry of CO2 storage in other arkosic arenite (feldspar rich sandstone) formations at other pilots or target sites.

Reactive transport modeling of long-term CO 2 sequestration mechanisms at the Shenhua CCS demonstration project, China

Adsorption and desorption of uranium(VI) onto humic acids derived from uranium-enriched lignites.

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Adsorption of benzene vapor on natural silicate clay minerals under different moisture contents and binary mineral mixtures

Reactive transport modeling of long-term CO 2 sequestration mechanisms at the Shenhua CCS demonstration project, China

Adsorption and desorption of uranium(VI) onto humic acids derived from uranium-enriched lignites.