Urban waterlogging susceptibility assessment based on a PSO-SVM method using a novel repeatedly random sampling idea to select negative samples

A novel optimized repeatedly random undersampling for selecting negative samples: A case study in an SVM-based forest fire susceptibility assessment.

Osteoarthritis (OA), the commonest arthritis, is characterized by the progressive destruction of cartilage, leading to disability. The Current early clinical treatment strategy for OA often centers on anti‐inflammatory or analgesia medication, weight loss, improved muscular function and articular cartilage repair. Although these treatments can relieve symptoms, OA tends to be progressive, and most patients require arthroplasty at the terminal stages of OA. Recent studies have shown a close correlation between joint pain, inflammation, cartilage destruction and synovial cells. Consequently, understanding the potential mechanisms associated with the action of synovial cells in OA could be beneficial for the clinical management of OA. Therefore, this review comprehensively describes the biological functions of synovial cells, the synovium, together with the pathological changes of synovial cells in OA, and the interaction between the cartilage and synovium, which is lacking in the present literature. Additionally, therapeutic approaches based on synovial cells for OA treatment are further discussed from a clinical perspective, highlighting a new direction in the treatment of OA.

The potential role of synovial cells in the progression and treatment of osteoarthritis

Slaughterhouses produce large quantities of biological waste, and most of these materials are underutilized. In many published reports, the possibility of repurposing this form of waste to create biomaterials, fertilizers, biogas, and feeds has been discussed. However, the employment of particular offal wastes in xenotransplantation has yet to be extensively uncovered. Overall, viable transplantable tissues and organs are scarce, and developing bioartificial components using such discarded materials may help increase their supply. This perspective manuscript explores the viability and sustainability of readily available and easily sourced slaughterhouse waste, such as blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and tracheas, as starting materials in xenotransplantation derived from decellularization technologies. The manuscript also examines the innovative use of animal stem cells derived from the excreta to create a bioartificial tissue/organ platform that can be translated to humans. Institutional and governmental regulatory approaches will also be outlined to support this endeavor.

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2023.1091554/pdf

From waste to wealth: Repurposing slaughterhouse waste for xenotransplantation

Articular cartilage defects significantly compromise the quality of life in the global population. Although many strategies to repair articular cartilage, including microfracture, autologous osteochondral transplantation, and osteochondral allograft, the therapeutic effects remain suboptimal. In recent years, with the development of cartilage tissue engineering, scientists have continuously improved the formulations of therapeutic cells, biomaterial-based scaffolds, and biological factors, which have opened new avenues for better therapeutics of cartilage lesions. This review focuses on advances in cartilage tissue engineering, particularly in preclinical trials and clinical applications, prospects, and challenges. 

Cartilage Tissue Engineering in Practice: Preclinical Trials, Clinical Applications and Prospects&#x0D;

Overload protection systems are commonly installed in machine presses for the protection of press and mould If the setting of Pre-load pressure isn't correct, the overload system should take actions untimely, which deeply influences the productivity of machine presses In this paper, a simplified model of the safety device is build and the reason causing the advance unloading is discussed in theory

Theoretical Analysis of Machine Presses’ Untimely Unloading

To facilitate the joining process for heterogeneous hot end components of zirconia and titanium-based alloy, an alloying modified ceramic-precursor high-temperature resistant adhesive was prepared from epoxy reinforced silicone resin emulsion and various modifiers. The thermal properties, compositional and structural evolution of the adhesive with temperature, as well as the interfacial reactions and diffusion, were comprehensively studied to understand the bonding mechanism. The addition of Si-Al-Ti-Ni metal fillers could effectively change the reaction path in the adhesive in the temperature range of 600–1000 ℃, and promote the formation of multiple intermetallics (Al-Ni, Ni-Si, Ni-Zr, etc.). The chemical reaction also occurred at both two interfaces with the generation of NiZr, ZrSiO4 (ZrO2/adhesive) and TiSi, Ti5Si3 (adhesive/TC4). Besides, the oxidation of boron carbide apparently increased the compactness of the bonding layer. Therefore, the bonding strength kept increasing in the temperature range of 600–1000 ℃ and close to 20 MPa at 800–1000 ℃. With the formation of the composite compose`d of multiple ceramics, intermetallics and borosilicate glass, the adhesive showed good thermal stability and oxidation resistance and still provided above 9 MPa after 50 thermal cycles in the range of RT-900 ℃. 

The preparation and properties of an alloying modified ceramic-precursor high-temperature resistant adhesive for joining zirconia ceramics and titanium-based superalloys

Cartilage regeneration is dependent on cellular-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. Natural ECM plays a role in mechanical and chemical cell signaling and promotes stem cell recruitment, differentiation and tissue regeneration in the absence of biological additives, including growth factors and peptides. To date, traditional tissue engineering methods by using natural and synthetic materials have not been able to replicate the physiological structure (biochemical composition and biomechanical properties) of natural cartilage. Techniques facilitating the repair and/or regeneration of articular cartilage pose a significant challenge for orthopedic surgeons. Whereas, little progress has been made in this field. In recent years, with advances in medicine, biochemistry and materials science, to meet the regenerative requirements of the heterogeneous and layered structure of native articular cartilage (AC) tissue, a series of tissue engineering scaffolds based on ECM materials have been developed. These scaffolds mimic the versatility of the native ECM in function, composition and dynamic properties and some of which are designed to improve cartilage regeneration. This review systematically investigates the following: the characteristics of cartilage ECM, repair mechanisms, decellularization method, source of ECM, and various ECM-based cartilage repair methods. In addition, the future development of ECM-based biomaterials is hypothesized.

Preparation and Application of Decellularized ECM-Based Biological Scaffolds for Articular Cartilage Repair: A Review

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Papers

Theoretical Analysis of Machine Presses’ Untimely Unloading

The preparation and properties of an alloying modified ceramic-precursor high-temperature resistant adhesive for joining zirconia ceramics and titanium-based superalloys

Preparation and Application of Decellularized ECM-Based Biological Scaffolds for Articular Cartilage Repair: A Review