Three-dimensional (3D) printing has been increasingly used in various fields of medicine, such as in auxiliary diagnosis and treatment, medical teaching, and regenerative medicine. Most operations performed by neurosurgeons and associated pathological examinations involve complex, microscopic anatomical structures that cannot be observed outside. 3D-printed models can reproduce anatomical structures, pathological tissues, and cells with high accuracy, enhancing our understanding of complex aspects of anatomy and pathology. They can also assist in preoperative planning and simulation, help in surgical or interventional surgery precision medicine, and improve the effectiveness of treatments. This review comprehensively summarizes and discusses its current application progress and problems, including treatments for common diseases (e.g., intracranial tumors, intracranial hemorrhage, intracranial aneurysms, skull repair, and neural prosthetics), clinical training, and preoperative plans. With its widespread applications, 3D printing as an innovative tool will provide new directions for developing imaging, strategies, and interventions in neurosurgical diseases.

/pdf/application-of-three-dimensional-3d-printing-in-neurosurgery-2s7p8g2c.pdf

Application of Three-Dimensional (3D) Printing in Neurosurgery

The objective of this study was to explore rehabilitation of patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) treated with Xuebijing injection by using intelligent medical big data analysis system. Based on Hadoop distributed processing technology, this study designed a medical big data analysis system and tested its performance. Then, this analysis system was used to systematically analyze rehabilitation of sepsis patients with AKI treated with Xuebijing injection. It is found that the computing time of this system does not increase obviously with the increase of cases. The results of systematic analysis showed that the glomerular filtration rate (59.31 ± 3.87% vs 44.53 ± 3.53%) in the experimental group was obviously superior than that in the controls after one week of treatment. The levels of urea nitrogen (9.32 ± 2.21 mmol/L vs. 14.32 ± 0.98 mmol/L), cystatin C (1.65 ± 0.22 mg/L vs. 2.02 ± 0.13 mg/L), renal function recovery time (6.12 ± 1.66 days vs. 8.66 ± 1.17 days), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation system score (8.98 ± 2.12 points vs. 12.45 ± 2.56 points), sequential organ failure score (7.22 ± 0.86 points vs. 8.61 ± 0.97 points), traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score (6.89 ± 1.11 points vs. 11.33 ± 1.23 points), and ICU time (16.43 ± 2.37 days vs. 12.15 ± 2.56 days) in the experimental group were obviously lower than those in the controls, and the distinctions had statistical significance (P < 0.05). The significant efficiency (37.19% vs. 25.31%) and total effective rate (89.06% vs. 79.06%) in the experimental group were obviously superior than those in the controls, and distinction had statistical significance (P < 0.05). In summary, the medical big data analysis system constructed in this study has high efficiency. Xuebijing injection can improve the renal function of sepsis patients with kidney injury, and its therapeutic effect is obviously better than that of Western medicine, and it has clinical application and promotion value.

Rehabilitation of Sepsis Patients with Acute Kidney Injury Based on Intelligent Medical Big Data

BACKGROUND
Surgery plays a major role in treating hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in the basal ganglia; however, some patients suffer from neurological impairment after surgery. Studies have confirmed that stereotactic hematoma aspiration guided by computed tomography (CT) has significant value for patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in the basal ganglia, but little is known about the optimal timing for the operation. This study sought to explore the effect of CT-guided stereotactic hematoma aspiration timing on the recovery of neurological function in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in the basal ganglia.


METHODS
The data of 110 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in the basal ganglia admitted to the Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 2021 to December 2021 were retrospectively collected. Based on the timing of their operations, the patients were allocated to the early treatment group (within 24 hours, n=50) and late treatment group (after 24 hours, n=60). The postoperative recovery of the 2 groups was compared.


RESULTS
There were no significant differences in terms of age, gender, amount of cerebral hemorrhage, hemorrhage ruptured into ventricle rate, Glasgow Coma Scale score, hypertension grade, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and operation duration between the 2 groups (P>0.05). Additionally, there was no difference in the preoperative National Institute of Health Stroke Scale scores of the patients in the 2 groups (22.50±4.90 vs. 23.83±5.35, P=0.179). Compared to the late treatment group, the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score of the patients in the early treatment group was significantly lower 3 and 6 months after the operation (5.90±4.02 vs. 9.23±3.47, P<0.001; 4.54±2.56 vs. 6.50±3.07, P<0.001, respectively). The Glasgow Outcome Scale score of patients in the early treatment group was significantly better than that of patients in the late treatment group (P=0.035). No significant difference was found in the incidence of postoperative pulmonary infection, intracranial infection, rebleeding, and lower extremity deep venous thrombosis between the 2 groups (P>0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Early CT-guided stereotactic hematoma aspiration may improve the postoperative neurological function of patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in the basal ganglia.

The effect of early vs. late CT-guided stereotactic hematoma aspiration on neurological function recovery in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in the basal ganglia: a retrospective comparative cohort study.

Spontaneous intracerebral bleed is a communal subtype of stroke and is usually the deadliest. Objective: To determine the efficacy of surgical management of spontaneous hypertensive basal ganglia bleed and the factors contributing its outcome. Methods: A prospective study was carried out in the department of Neurosurgery for two-year duration from January 2020 to December 2021. 80 patients aged 18-65 years were included after matching criteria of inclusion of this study. The open craniotomy and evacuation was the surgical technique in all patients. After treatment, all cases were followed up for minimum six months. Patients were categorized as having good or bad scores on GOS. The data analysis was done using SPSS by assessing the effect of the observed variables including age, GCS, volume of blood, midline shift, ventricular extension and hydrocephalus. Results: 80 patients, 55 (68.8%) males and 25 (31.2%) females were done with surgical intervention. Their ages ranged from 18-65 years. Conferring to the patients GCS, they were divided into 3 groups: 26 (32.5%) patients with 5-8GCS; 38 (47.5%) patients with 9-12 GCS; and 16 (20%) patients with 13-15GCS. The volume of blood ranged from 30-90 cm3. 13 patients (16.3%) had ventricular extension, and 9 patients had hydrocephalus. In 34 patients (42.5%) had midline shift was <5 mm and 46 patients (57.5%) had > 5 mm. 49 patients (61.3%) had favorable results conferring to GOS scoring (4, 5), poor results in 31 (38.7%) cases, and 21 among those died (26.3%). Conclusions: Early evacuation with surgery results in a radical decrease in intracranial pressure and better prognosis. Patients with midline deviation >5mm, ventricular extension, hydrocephalus and reduced level of consciousness have worst prognosis.

A Prospective Study On the Surgical Treatment of Large Hypertensive Basal Ganglia Bleed

Highlights • Synthetic eukaryotic genome synthesis entails the comprehensive redesign, large-scale de novo synthesis, and debugging of DNA sequences, followed by their assembly into eukaryotic chromosomes to create living organisms.• All 16 chromosomes and a tRNA neochromosome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) have been nearly successfully synthesized, with the primary remaining challenge being the integration of all synthetic chromosomes into a single functional organism.• Up to 6.5 chromosomes have been successfully consolidated into a single yeast strain, bringing the completion of a fully synthetic yeast genome within reach.

Towards the first synthetic eukaryotic cell

The medical and health industry has successively experienced three stages of digital medical treatment, local area network medical treatment, and internet medical treatment. With the rapid development of technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, and artificial intelligence, emerging applications and service models have gradually penetrated into all aspects of the medical and health field. At this point, the informatization development process of the medical industry has entered the stage of smart medical treatment. (Smart medical system is a new medical system that improves users' medical experience and provides users with better services. Due to the cumbersome, complicated, and mechanically rigid environment of the past medical service, there was no uniform standard. In order to create a reliable and open medical service environment, an intelligent medical system came into being.). A diversified technical foundation and smart medical protection, conducive to providing patients with high-quality medical services, are established. This article mainly introduces the analysis of the therapeutic effect of smart medical electronic endoscopic hematoma removal on hypertensive basal ganglia cerebral hemorrhage and aims to inject advanced technology and vitality of smart medical treatment into the treatment of hypertensive basal ganglia cerebral hemorrhage by hematoma removal and help the doctor to treat the patient. This article proposes the research methods of smart medical application in the treatment of hypertensive basal ganglia cerebral hemorrhage with electronic endoscopic hematoma removal, including smart medical overview, intracranial hematoma removal for hypertensive basal ganglia cerebral hemorrhage, and smart medical bioelectric signal classification. The recognition algorithm is used to realize the smart medical application of the electronic endoscopic hematoma removal in the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in the basal ganglia area. The experimental results show that the removal of intracranial hematoma based on smart medicine can effectively improve the removal rate of intracranial hematoma, with a recovery rate of 26.73% and a significant efficiency of 36.49%.

/pdf/therapeutic-effect-of-electronic-endoscopic-hematoma-removal-36hnrbmukk.pdf

Therapeutic Effect of Electronic Endoscopic Hematoma Removal on Hypertensive Basal Ganglia Cerebral Hemorrhage Based on Smart Medical Technology

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Therapeutic Effect of Electronic Endoscopic Hematoma Removal on Hypertensive Basal Ganglia Cerebral Hemorrhage Based on Smart Medical Technology

Engineering DNA Materials for Sustainable Data Storage Using a DNA Movable-Type System