A Call for New Physics : The Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment and Lepton Flavor Violation

Mapping the phases of quantum chromodynamics with beam energy scan

The Majorana nature of neutrinos is strongly motivated from the theoretical and phenomenological point of view. A plethora of neutrino mass models, known collectively as Seesaw models, exist that could generate both a viable neutrino mass spectrum and mixing pattern. They can also lead to rich, new phenomenology, including lepton number non-conservation as well as new particles, that may be observable at collider experiments. It is therefore vital to search for such new phenomena and the mass scale associated with neutrino mass generation at high energy colliders. In this review, we consider a number of representative Seesaw scenarios as phenomenological benchmarks, including the characteristic Type I, II, and III Seesaw mechanisms, their extensions and hybridizations, as well as radiative constructions. We present new and updated predictions for analyses featuring lepton number violation and expected coverage in the theory parameter space at current and future colliders. We emphasize new production and decay channels, their phenomenological relevance and treatment across different facilities in $e^+e^-$, $e^-p$ and $pp$ collisions, as well as the available Monte Carlo tools available for studying Seesaw partners in collider environments.

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Lepton Number Violation: Seesaw Models and Their Collider Tests

In this review, we present an up-to-date phenomenological summary of research developments in the physics of the Quark–Gluon Plasma (QGP). A short historical perspective and theoretical motivation for this rapidly developing field of contemporary particle physics is provided. In addition, we introduce and discuss the role of the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) ground state, non-perturbative and lattice QCD results on the QGP properties, as well as the transport models used to make a connection between theory and experiment. The experimental part presents the selected results on bulk observables, hard and penetrating probes obtained in the ultra-relativistic heavy-ion experiments carried out at the Brookhaven National Laboratory Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (BNL RHIC) and CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) and Large Hadron Collider (LHC) accelerators. We also give a brief overview of new developments related to the ongoing searches of the QCD critical point and to the collectivity in small (p + p and p + A) systems.

Phenomenological Review on Quark–Gluon Plasma: Concepts vs. Observations

Under the approximate chiral symmetry restoration, quark interactions with topological gluon fields in quantum chromodynamics can induce a chirality imbalance and parity violation in local domains. An electric charge separation (CS) could be generated along the direction of a strong magnetic field ($\mathbf{B}$), a phenomenon called the chiral magnetic effect (CME). CS measurements by azimuthal correlators are contaminated by major backgrounds from elliptic flow anisotropy (${v}_{2}$). Isobaric $_{44}^{96}\mathrm{Ru}+_{44}^{96}\mathrm{Ru}$ and $_{40}^{96}\mathrm{Zr}+_{40}^{96}\mathrm{Zr}$ collisions have been proposed to identify the CME (expected to differ between the two systems) out of the backgrounds (to be almost the same). We show, by using the density functional theory calculations of the proton and neutron distributions, that these expectations may not hold as originally anticipated because the two systems may have sizable differences in eccentricity and ${v}_{2}$.

Importance of Isobar Density Distributions on the Chiral Magnetic Effect Search

Search for Evidence of the Type-III Seesaw Mechanism in Multilepton Final States in Proton-Proton Collisions at √s = 13 TeV

이 연구에서는 국가공간데이터기반(NSDI)을 토대로 건설인프라 등의 공공데이터에 대한 통합 국가공간데이터기반(i-NSDI)을 개선하고자 한다. 국내외에서 적용되고 있는 공간 디지털트윈 모델과 모빌리티 환경을 검토하고 건설인프라 데이터에 대한 디지털트윈 데이터 흐름과 구조를 분석을 통하여 지방정부와 공공기관에 대하여 적용할 수 있는 i-NSDI 기반의 국가 디지털트윈(NDTwin)의 개념모델을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 이 국가 디지털트윈 모델은 지방정부와 공공인프라 관리기관 단위로 구축, 관리해야 하고 타당성 평가와 운영개선에 사용하게 된다. 

Study on a National Digital Twin Model Based on Integrated National Geospatial Data Infrastructure(i-NSDI) Strategy

Charge-dependent azimuthal particle correlations with respect to the second-order event plane in p-Pb and PbPb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV have been studied with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurement is performed with a three-particle correlation technique, using two particles with the same or opposite charge within the pseudorapidity range |η|<2.4, and a third particle measured in the hadron forward calorimeters (4.4<|η|<5). The observed differences between the same and opposite sign correlations, as functions of multiplicity and η gap between the two charged particles, are of similar magnitude in p-Pb and PbPb collisions at the same multiplicities. These results pose a challenge for the interpretation of charge-dependent azimuthal correlations in heavy ion collisions in terms of the chiral magnetic effect.

Observation of Charge-Dependent Azimuthal Correlations in p-Pb Collisions and Its Implication for the Search for the Chiral Magnetic Effect

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Search for Evidence of the Type-III Seesaw Mechanism in Multilepton Final States in Proton-Proton Collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Study on a National Digital Twin Model Based on Integrated National Geospatial Data Infrastructure(i-NSDI) Strategy

Observation of Charge-Dependent Azimuthal Correlations in p-Pb Collisions and Its Implication for the Search for the Chiral Magnetic Effect