Precipitation and hot deformation behavior of austenitic heat-resistant steels: A review

Nickel-rich cathode materials are among the most promising cathode materials for high-energy lithium-ion batteries. However, their structural and thermodynamic stability, cycle and rate performances still need to be further improved. In this study, the rare earth element Ce is employed to reinforce the interface of Ni-rich cathode materials both internally and externally. High-valence Ce4+ can easily cause the oxidization of Ni2+ to Ni3+ when doped into the material owing to its strong oxidation performance, thus reducing Li+ /Ni2+ mixing. In addition, the inert Ce3+ ions in transition metal slabs with strong Ce-O bonds can maintain the layered structure at high delithiation state. Furthermore, when the calcination temperature during synthesis is above 500 °C, a CeO2 coating layer will form, which can protect the electrode from erosion by the electrolyte and alleviate the increasing resistance during cycling. The modified Ni-rich materials fabricated with an erosion-resistant CeO2 layer outside and stronger Ce-O bonds inside with reduced Li+ /Ni2+ mixing exhibit excellent electrochemical properties, especially at high operating voltages, for example, the 50th capacity retention at 0.2 C within 2.75-4.5 V is improved from 89.8 % to 99.2 % after the modification.

Use of Ce to Reinforce the Interface of Ni-Rich LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries under High Operating Voltage

Due to the ever-increasing energy and power demands from various energy hungry sources,there has been an excellent deal of interest in improving the performance of Lithium-ion batteries by focusing on high-performing cathode materials. The robust demand for safe, secure, and consistent performance of high-power density and high-energy lithium-ion batteries is the need of the hour and has to turn out to be inevitable. The olivine type lithium metal phosphates, LiMPO4 (M = Fe, Mn, Co & Ni), have grabbed the interest of many researchers throughout the world as the promising cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries and for studying their various captivating properties. Development of high energy-density, cheap, safe, and environmentally benevolent olivine LiMnPO4 cathode material became more alluring due to its high reliability and high operating voltage (4 to 5 V vs. Li+/Li), providing a lot of safety options due to its strong P-O covalent bond. This review will provide an overview of current research strategies on LiMnPO4 to improve its electrochemical performance as a promising cathode material for Li-Ion batteries.

A comprehensive review of LiMnPO4 based cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries: current strategies to improve its performance

Rare earth elements, known for their large radius, high charge, and strong self-polarization ability, are expected to bring improvements in Li-ion batteries. However, some basic issues such as structural variation, the nature of the improved Li mobility, and electronic conductivity in rare earth-doped electrode compounds are still unrevealed. In the present work, the structural, electronic, and Li migration properties of Ce- and La-doped LiCoO2 cathode materials are systematically studied by using the first-principles calculations. The results show that after rare earth elements are doped, the cell volume expands with local structure distortion around the substitution site. Meanwhile, the doped systems remain insulating characteristics with decreased band gap. The migration barriers vary considerably depending on different paths due to the competition between the increase of Li slab distance and the variation of potential energy surface caused by the doping of rare earth elements. The minimum activation b...

Structural, Electronic, and Li Migration Properties of RE-Doped (RE = Ce, La) LiCoO2 for Li-ion Batteries: A First-Principles Investigation

Doping strategies for enhancing the performance of lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries

Synthesis and electrochemical properties of Ce-doped LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 cathode material for Li-ion batteries

Synthesis of LiMnPO4/C composite material for lithium ion batteries by sol-gel method

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Synthesis and electrochemical properties of Ce-doped LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 cathode material for Li-ion batteries

Synthesis of LiMnPO4/C composite material for lithium ion batteries by sol-gel method