To provide a clutch valve spool having configuration the manufacture of which is simple. A hydrostatic continuously variable transmission is configured by connecting a swash plate type plunger hydraulic pump P and a swash plate type plunger hydraulic motor M via a hydraulic closed circuit and continuous shift control is executed by variably controlling an inclined angle of the swash plate of the hydraulic motor. A valve spool movably arranged in a spool hole axially extended in a shaft that supports the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor is configured by coupling a first spool member provided with a guide land fitted in a guide member and a second spool member provided with a central land and a left land and provided with a valve that connects and cuts off a clutch oil passage on the high pressure side and a clutch oil passage on the low pressure side according to axial movement by a coupling pin.

Hydrostatic continuously variable transmission

A hydraulically operated continuously variable transmission includes a hydraulic pump coupled to an input shaft, a hydraulic motor coupled to an output shaft, a closed hydraulic circuit interconnecting the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor, a hydraulic actuator for actuating a controlled member in the closed hydraulic circuit, an auxiliary pump connectable to the closed hydraulic circuit and the hydraulic actuator, a supply oil passage for supplying oil discharged from the auxiliary pump to the hydraulic actuator, and a control valve coupled between the supply oil passage, the closed hydraulic circuit, and an oil tank. The control valve comprises a hydraulic chamber communicating with the supply oil passage, a spring, and a spool disposed between the hydraulic chamber and the spring. The spool is movable, until the pressure of oil in the hydraulic chamber and the force of the spring are balanced, successively from a first position in which the supply oil passage and the closed hydraulic circuit are disconnected and the supply oil passage and the oil tank are disconnected, to a second position in which the supply oil passage and the closed hydraulic circuit are connected, to a third position in which the supply oil passage and the oil tank are connected, in response to an increase in the pressure of oil in the hydraulic chamber.

Hydraulically operated continuously variable transmission

In a vehicle transmission assembly which includes a hydrostatic transmission (14) and mechanical transmission mechanism (21) for driving rear wheel axles (20) of the vehicle at a variable speed, a hydraulic pump (16) and hydraulic motor (17) of the hydrostatic transmission are mounted on a plate member (30), secured to a front of a transmission casing (15), at an upper and lower locations such that only the motor is disposed within the transmission casing at a location above the mechanical transmission mechanism. The mechanical transmission mechanism includes plural transmission shafts (31, 32, 33) all extending laterally of the transmission casing and is connected drivenly to the motor. Pump shaft (18) of the hydraulic pump is adapted to drive at least one of a rear-PTO shaft (23) and mid-PTO shaft (24) through a drive shaft (41) disposed co-axially with the pump shaft, a fluid-operated PTO-clutch (42) mounted on the drive shaft, and a gear train (43; 143; 243) disposed at a rear end portion within the transmission casing. A compactness of the transmission assembly and turnability of the vehicle with a small radius of turn are assured.

Vehicle transmission assembly

An energy management system operable in three modes of operation to either drive or retard the drive shaft (110) of a vehicle, or in a neutral mode, to have no driving or retarding influence on the drive shaft. The system includes energy accumulating means (100, 101) which is operable to store and release energy through receipt and release of fluid, pumping means (104) in fluid communication with the energy accumulation means (100, 101) a reservoir (107) of fluid in communication with the pumping means (104), and coupling means for coupling the pumping means (110) to the drive shaft (110). Whereby in the retarding mode of the system, the drive shaft (110) drives the pumping means (104) to pump fluid to the energy accumulating means (100, 101), and whereby in the driving mode of the system, the energy accumulating means (100, 101) releases fluid to drive the pumping means (104) which drives the drive shaft (110). Whereby in the neutral mode of the system, the pumping means (104) is inoperative to exert any driving or retarding influence on the drive shaft (110). A retarding system is also provided, as is a terrain logging facility for logging the terrain of a route over which a vehicle travels.

Energy management system

A hydrostatically operated continuously variable transmission for use with an engine includes a swash-plate-type axial-piston hydraulic pump and a swash-plate-type axial-piston hydraulic motor which are interconnected by a closed hydraulic circuit. The pump and motor cylinders of the pump and the motor are disposed coaxially with each other and integrally coupled to each other into a cylinder block. An input shaft connected to an engine is coupled centrally to the cylinder block, and a output tubular shaft connected to a load is relatively rotatably disposed on an outer periphery of the cylinder block. The pump swash plate of the pump is supported by a stationary machine frame. The motor swash plate of the motor is supported by the output tubular shaft.

Hydrostatically operated continuously variable transmission

A swashplate type variable displacement hydraulic device (M) is so constructed that a plurality of plungers (19) are slidably received in a plurality of cylinder bores (18) arranged annularly around an axis of rotation, a back surface of a swashplate (20) of which fore surface is engaged by outer ends of the plungers (19) is supported by a swashplate holder (22) via bearing means (21), and a stationary swashplate anchor (23) supports the swashplate holder (22) to turn about a trunnion axis (O₂) which intersects the axis of rotation at right angles. Opposing surfaces of the swashplate holder (22) and swashplate anchor (23) are formed as spherical surfaces of which center is located at a position where the axis of rotation intersects the trunnion axis (O₂), the swashplate holder (22) has a pair of trunnion shafts (22a) projected from opposite ends of the swashplate holder (22) while extending along the trunnion axis (O₂), and the trunnion anchor (23) is formed at opposite ends thereof with recesses (23a) with which the trunnion shafts (22a) are rotatably engaged.

Swashplate type variable displacement hydraulic device

In a swash plate type hydraulic system such as a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor of the like, a group of cylinder bores in which plungers engaging a swash plate are slidably received are annularly arranged in a cylinder block, and higher and lower pressure oil passages are concentrically provided in the cylinder block. Further, a group of distributor valves are provided in the cylinder block in a radially arranged configuration for controlling the connection and disconnection between the higher and lower pressure oil passages and the group of cylinder bores by radial reciprocating motion of the valves, and an eccentric wheel is provided eccentrically with respect to the center of rotation of the cylinder block to abut against the outer ends of the distributor valves so as to impart a reciprocating motion to each of the distributor valves. A shifting device is provided for changing the eccentric relationship between the eccentric wheel and the cylinder block.

Swash plate type hydraulic system

A shift control device in a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission in which a hydraulic closed circuit is formed between a swash plate type hydraulic pump and a swash plate type hydraulic motor, and a swash plate holder for supporting a motor swash plate of the hydraulic motor is tiltably supported on a stationary structure through a trunnion shaft (70) fixedly mounted to said swash plate, wherein a drive shaft (86a) of a reversible electric motor (86) is connected to the trunnion shaft through a reduction device (82) which is constructed so as to transmit rotation of the electric motor to the trunnion shaft at a reduced speed, but is brought into a locked state upon receipt of a reverse load from the trunnion shaft. This enables light adjustment of the tilting angle of the motor swash plate by use of a small-sized electric motor and reliable holding of the motor swash plate in a position at any angle.

Shift control device for a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission

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Swashplate type variable displacement hydraulic device

Swash plate type hydraulic system

Shift control device for a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission