This study was conducted to figure out the possibility of non-drainage in muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) hydroponics culture. Plants were grown under 3 different levels of drainage, standard (20~40%, SD), minimum (5~10%, MD), and non-drainage (ND). Throughout cultivation periods, constant water content and electrolyte conductivity changes in root zone were observed in SD in the range of 60~70% and 1.5~2.5 dS · m−1, respectively. ND treatment caused the fluctuation in water content and electrolyte conductivity of root zone and its change ranges were 30~50% in water content and 2~6 dS · m−1 in electrolyte conductivity, but ND treatment did not decrease fruit quality. Even if fruit fresh weight was slightly lower in ND with 1,863 g, than in SD with 1,990 g, the fruit weight in ND meets standard market size, 1,800~2,000 g. Higher soluble solids content was observed in fruit in ND than in SD and MD. Total amount of drainage per plant was 27,718, 15,769 and 2,346 mL in SD, MD and ND, respectively. SD showed 83.2 m drainage, 34.5% drainage of irrigation amount whereas required total irrigation amount in ND was very low with 7 m.

https://www.koreascience.kr:443/article/JAKO201213459004397.pdf

Effects of Non-drainage Hydroponic Culture on Growth, Yield, Quality and Root Environments of Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.)

. This study was carried out to find a reasonable irrigation method of a nutrient solution for the phenolic foam slab (foam LC) used in a trial experiment to substitute the rockwool slab in the production of paprika ( Capsicum annuum ‘Veyron’). 100, 90, and 80 mL of a nutrient solution was supplied per plant each time when the accumulated radiation reached to 100, 90 J·cm -2 , and they were named as the 100-100, 90-90, and 90-80 treatment, respectively. The drain percentage per plant of the 100-100 treatment was high by 33.8% in rockwool and 36.7% in foam LC (Lettuce Cube) and that of 90-80 treatment was low by 30.4% and 33.7%. The water content and EC of the rockwool slab were maintained in the range of 63.6-68.9% and 4.4-5.1 mS·cm -1 , while those of the foam LC slab were in the range of 52.9-58.8% and 5.5-6.5 mS·cm -1 . The plant height and leaf size of the 100-100 and 90-90 treatments increased in a similar manner, while those of the 90-80 treatment decreased and those of the rockwool were greater than those of the foam LC. The fruit size and weight of the 100-100 and 90-90 treatments were similarly bigger and heavier than those of the 90-80 treatment. The number of fruits harvested per plant was the greatest in the 90-80 treatment with 8 and 8.3 fruits in the rockwool and foam LC. The number of marketable fruits in the rockwool and foam LC was the greatest with 18.1 and 18.2, respectively, in the 90-90 treatment, while that in the 90-80 treatment was 17.2 and 16.8, respectively. The number of unmarketable fruits of the 90-80 treatment was the greatest (1.7-1.8 fruits per plant) in both the rockwool and foam LC, and most of them were small sized or blossom end rot fruits. The yield of the 90-90 treatment was the greatest among the irrigation.

/pdf/irrigation-method-of-nutrient-solution-affect-growth-and-4vm6jp2jzt.pdf

Irrigation method of nutrient solution affect growth and yield of paprika 'Veyron' grown in rockwool and phenolic foam slabs.

Measuring tray as a component in irrigation control system using drainage electrodes was designed and applied for tomato perlite bed culture, and the effectiveness of the irrigation control system was investigated in terms of cultural development and cultivation costs. Five different types of measuring trays equipped with drainage electrodes were tested and the traditional tray was used as the control equipped with time clock. After the first experiment, "Tube-2" was removed because of instability of water content in the substrate. After second experiment, "Tube-1" was removed because of instability of water content in the substrate and low plant yields. In third experiment, "Up-Board" exhibited the best stability in water contents and yields as well as efficiencies in water and fertilizer utilization. The "Up-Board" was the most economical and the easiest system among the tested trays. Therefore, the "Up-Board" system was concluded as the excellent design to apply for the control method using drainage electrodes for tomato perlite bed culture.

https://www.koreascience.kr:443/article/JAKO201122350106133.pdf

Design of measuring trays in the irrigation system using drainage electrodes for tomato perlite bed culture.

Objetivo:  evaluar el efecto de dos porcentajes de drenaje (%D) (10% y 30%) sobre el rendimiento y la calidad del chile dulce cv. Nathalie cultivado bajo invernadero, en dos épocas (seca y lluviosa).  Metodología:  se usó fibra de coco como sustrato, y se aplicó fertirrigación; se evaluaron las siguientes variables:  número de frutos por m2, peso del fruto (g), rendimiento (kg/m2), y porcentaje de sólidos solubles totales (°Brix).  Resultados:  Con 30%D se obtuvo un número de frutos por m2 y un rendimiento significativamente mayor para las calidades primera y comercial, en comparación con 10%D.  En la época lluviosa, el número de frutos por m2 y el rendimiento fueron significativamente superiores para las calidades primera, segunda, comercial y total, en comparación con la época seca.  El %D no afectó el peso del fruto ni el porcentaje de sólidos solubles totales.  Los frutos producidos en la época seca mostraron un mayor porcentaje de sólidos solubles totales, en comparación con la época lluviosa.  Conclusiones:  Bajo las condiciones en que se desarrolló el ensayo, en la época seca se recomienda cultivar el chile dulce con 30%D, mientras que en la época lluviosa se recomienda usar 10%D, con el fin de ahorrar agua y nutrientes, y así aumentar la rentabilidad del cultivo sin afectar el rendimiento.

/pdf/evaluacion-de-dos-porcentajes-de-drenaje-sobre-chile-dulce-2dh4csde.pdf

Evaluación de dos porcentajes de drenaje sobre chile dulce (Capsicum annuum) cultivado bajo invernadero

Salt stress is one of the key factors that limits the cultivation of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (G. uralensis) in the northern part of China. In this study, three salt treatments (including 21, 42 and 63 ds/m NaCl/kg dry soil) and four Si (silicon) concentrations (including 0, 1.4, 2.8 and 4.2 ds/m SiO2/kg K2SiO3 in dry soil) were tested using G. uralensis as the plant material in a pot experiment with three replications. The results showed that the application of various concentrations of Si increased sucrose synthetase (SS), sucrose phosphate synthetase (SPS) and glutamine synthetase (GS), as well as nitrate reductase (NR) activities, and promoted carbon and nitrogen metabolism. Si application also increased the root dry weight of G. uralensis. Multilevel comparative analysis showed that the application of 2.8 ds/m SiO2 was the optimum rate for improved growth and yield of G. uralensis under different salt levels. This study provides important information that can form the basis for the cultivation of high-yielding and high-quality G. uralensis in saline soils.

/pdf/silicon-alleviates-salinity-stress-in-licorice-glycyrrhiza-2qir7dyjdq.pdf

Silicon alleviates salinity stress in licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) by regulating carbon and nitrogen metabolism.

Effect of Drain Ratio during Fruiting Period on Growth and Yield of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum ‘Jubilee’) in Rockwool Culture

This study was carried out to reduce fruits with uneven-coloration, which is a main attribute to low quality fruits in sweet pepper. To improve fruit coloration, 1, 2, or 4 mM KCl or 2 mM K2SO4 were supplied to the nutrient solution, and plant growth and fruit quality were compared with those in the control, the Grodan standard nutrient solution treatment. Levels of N, Ca, and Mg in leaves decreased, while K and Cl increased, as compared to those of the control. With the promoted uptake of K and Cl as well as the suppressed uptake of N by the KCl or K2SO4 supplement to the solution, fruit content of capsanthin and hunter value of fruit color increased, while chlorophyll content decreased, as compared to the control. As a result, percentage of unevenly colored fruits, decreased by nearly 6%. Although plant growth was slightly suppressed, yield was not affected by these treatments.

Effect of KCl or K2SO4 supplement to nutrient solution on yield and fruit quality in sweet peppers (Capsicum annuum 'special' and 'fiesta').

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Effect of Drain Ratio during Fruiting Period on Growth and Yield of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum ‘Jubilee’) in Rockwool Culture

Effect of KCl or K2SO4 supplement to nutrient solution on yield and fruit quality in sweet peppers (Capsicum annuum 'special' and 'fiesta').