In this course, taught at the Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology in northwest Pennsylvania, students will explore the population, community, and ecosystem ecology of fishes. We will conduct field investigations in streams, lakes, and marshes. Students will attend background lectures, conduct experiments and field surveys, participate in data collection and analysis, and gain experience in the interpretation and presentation of results. We will learn how to integrate math, physics, chemistry, and biology in our study of fishes. In addition, we seek to expose students to current research in fish ecology. Students will participate in the design of experiments, data analysis, and hone their presentation skills. Most importantly, they will leave the course with a greater knowledge of and appreciation for Pennsylvania’s rich diversity of fishes.

Ecology of fishes

Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengkaji tingkat kesesuaian lahan budidaya laut, khususnya budidaya rumput laut dan budidaya ikan di Kurungan Jaring Apung (KJA) di perairan Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Selatan, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Penentuan stasiun pengambilan sampel dilakukan berdasarkan identifikasi adanya aktivitas budidaya rumput laut dan budidaya ikan pada KJA di lokasi tersebut. Lima stasiun pengamatan yakni lokasi budidaya rumput laut desa Matandoi, dan lokasi budidaya ikan dalam KJA di desa Deaga, Torosik, Matandoi dan Pinalantungan. Pada tiap stasiun ditentukan satu titik pengambilan sampel air untuk pengukuran parameter kualitas air, serta aspek fisik lain seperti kecepatan arus dan beda pasang-surut air laut. Parameter kualitas air seperti amoniak, pH, suhu, nitrit dan turbiditas diukur menggunakan Water Test Kit AYI-10 in ScienPro, sementara salinitas dan oksigen terlarut (DO) diukur menggunakan Water Tester Horiba. Data yang diperoleh ditabulasi dan ditampilkan dalam histogram. Untuk menentukan tingkat kesesuaian lahan, data dibandingkan dengan baku mutu persyaratan untuk lokasi budidaya rumput laut dan budidaya ikan di KJA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perairan desa Matandoi sesuai untuk lokasi budidaya rumput laut. Perairan desa Pinalantungan, desa Torosik, dan desa Matandoi sesuai untuk lokasi budidaya ikan di KJA, sedangkan perairan desa Deaga kurang sesuai untuk lokasi budidaya KJA. Kata kunci: kesesuaian lahan, budidaya, rumput laut, KJA, Bolaang Mongondow Selatan. This study was aimed to study the suitability level of waters in South Bolaang Mongondow Regency, North Sulawesi Province, for seaweed culture and fish culture in floating net cage (KJA). The stations for water sampling were appointed based on the occurrence of the seaweed culture and finfish culture in KJA in the area. Five stations were appointed, where one station representing seaweed culture area (Matandoi village waters), while four stations representing the floating net cage culture areas (Deaga, Torosik, Matandoi and Pinalantungan village waters). At each station, one point was appointed for sampling of waters for the measurement of water quality parameters and for assessment of other physical features of waters body such as, current velocity, wave height and tide level. The other water quality parameters such as, ammonia, pH, temperature, nitrite, and turbidity were measured using Water Test Kit AYI-10 in ScienPro, whereas dissolve oxygen (DO) and salinity were measured using Horiba Water Tester. The collected data were then tabulated and presented in histogram. To analyze the level of the suitability of the area for seaweed culture and floating net cage culture, the obtained data were compared to the standard water quality for the location of seaweed culture and floating net cage culture. The results show that, the territorial waters of Matandoi village is suitable for seaweed culture area. The territorial waters of Pinalantungan village, Torosik village and Matandoi village are suitable for floating net cage culture area, while territorial waters of Deaga village is less-suitable for floating net cage culture area. Keywords: area suitability, culture, seaweed, floating net cage, South Bolaang Mongondow.

/pdf/kesesuaian-lahan-budidaya-laut-di-perairan-kabupaten-bolaang-4isl9zeez8.pdf

Kesesuaian lahan budidaya laut di perairan kabupaten bolaang mongondow selatan, sulawesi utara

Perikanan gurita di Kabupaten Banggai Laut termasuk kategori perikanan yang small scale fisheries. Hal ini dikarenakan nelayan Banggai Laut menangkap gurita dengan menggunakan kapal dan alat tangkap yang sederhana. Tren CPUE gurita dalam 3 tahun terakhir (2014-2016) menunjukkan penurunan yang cukup drastis. Penurunan yang terjadi mengindikasikan bahwa tingkat pemanfaatan daerah penangkapan gurita di daerah tersebut sudah terjadi penangkapan yang berlebih. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa gurita di Kabupaten Banggai Laut belum dikelola secara optimal. Pengelolaan hanya melakukan penangkapan terus menerus tanpa mempertimbangkan dampak terhadap sumberdaya gurita. Pengelolaan secara benar perlu dilakukan untuk menjaga potensi sumberdaya gurita agar tetap lestari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan strategi pengelolaan daerah penangkapan octopus di Kabupaten Banggai Laut. Pendekatan strategi pengelolaan menggunakan pendekatan strategi Strength, Weakness, Oppurtunity, Threats (SWOT). Strategi pengelolaan perikanan gurita di Kabupaten Banggai Laut dilakukan dengan 1) Strategi SO dengan opsi strategi: Pengembangan kerjasama dengan industri pengolahan ikan dan memanfaatkan potensi perikanan gurita 2) Strategi ST dengan opsi strategi: Menetapkan aturan dan sanksi yang tegas terkait nelayan yang melakukan illegal fishing dan membatasi armada penangkapan ikan. 3) Strategi WO dengan opsi strategi: peningkatan kualitas SDM dan membangun pelabuhan perikanan. 4) Strategi WT dengan opsi strategi: membuat aturan terkait bobot gurita dan pengawasan daerah penangkapan ikan.

/pdf/strategi-pengelolaan-perikanan-gurita-di-kabupaten-banggai-24kl2z5j5j.pdf

Strategi pengelolaan perikanan gurita di kabupaten banggai laut, provinsi sulawesi tengah

Length-weight relationships and sex ratio of Selaroides leptolepis, Cuvier 1833 in Tomini Bay, Indonesia

. Mujiyanto, Sugianti Y, Afandy YA, Rahayu R, Bidikusuma RA, Nasriri AS, Syam AR, Purnaningtyas SE. 2021. Reef fish community structure in the islands of Paraja Bay, Pandeglang District, Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4402-4413. Paraja Bay waters have five small islands that coexist with Ujung Kulon National Marine Park and act as a buffer zone for the diversity of fishery resources. This study aimed to assess the reef fishes community structure at small islands in Paraja Bay. Observations were made in 20 locations during August and September 2019 in the five small islands. Reef fishes community structure showed 106 species as included major group (54 species), indicator group (24 species) and target group (28 species), among five small islands, i.e. Badul, Mangir, Oar, Sumur and Umang Islands. The highest reef fishes abundance was founded in Umang Island waters. Several target fish species recorded during the study were mature fish (such as those targeted by fishermen). Only a small proportion were juveniles. Reef fish community structure was categorized as stress community to stable community with its indication was low diversity value, high evenness index, and low dominance. The low diversity index value illustrates that the level of uniformity of reef fish species in Paraja Bay waters is high. This condition is evidenced by each coral fish group's evenness index included in the main species group around 0.93 to 0.98. The target species is 0.88 to 0.99.

/pdf/reef-fish-community-structure-in-the-islands-of-paraja-bay-457ckqt4ja.pdf

Reef fish community structure in the islands of Paraja Bay, Pandeglang District, Banten, Indonesia

Information o n important and economic grouper fish (Serranidae family) in Peukan Bada waters, Province of Aceh is very limited . This objecives of this research w ere to determine spatial and temporal variabilit ies in species composition and community structure of grouper landed in Peukan Bada, Aceh Besar D istrict . The research was conducted using survey method during February to June 2015 on three fish landing sites i.e., Ujong Pancu, Lamtengoh , and Lamteh. The groupers w ere caught by using handline. The landed fishes were therefore counted and identified up to species level. The data were also analyzed based on taxonomic information and individual number of each species, community structure using the diversity index (H’), eveness (E), and dominance (D). The results obtained 835 individual, 21 species of grouper belong to 4 genera ( Aethaloperca , Cephalopholis , Epinephelus dan Variola ). Based on species, Epinephelus fasciatus and Cephalopholis sonnerati were the most grouper fishes in the region.  Based on community structure , diversity value (H’) in Lam - tengoh was higher than that in Ujong Pancu and Lamteh. Total grouper fish catches were not significantly different (P>0,05) among the three region. Meanwhile, total grouper fish cacthes were significantly different between seasons (p<0,05). The diversity species variation during five months of observation was affected by the differences in catches area, the condition of aquatic enviroment, and oceanographic con d ition. Keywords : Groupers, Peukan Bada, species composition, community structure

https://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jurnalikt/article/view/12497/10205

COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF GROUPER FISH (Serranidae) LANDED IN PEUKAN BADA SUBDISTRICT, ACEH PROVINCE

The knowledge of fish reproduction is the most important in freshwater management continously. The research was done from February-July 2013, was aiming to describe information on reproductive aspects of belida fishes (Notopterus notopterus),i.e. sex ratio, gonado somatic stages, gonado somatic index, first size of maturity, fecundity, and spawning type. The fish Samples was taken by gill net which had many sizes such as 2, 2.5, 3, and 4 cm. Each gill net has length 30 m and width 2 m. Belida fishes have caught during research amounted 497 ind, which consisted of: 237 male and 260 female. Sex ratio male and female fish were relatively balance. The maturity gonad of male fish is faster than female fish. Featherback do spawn every month for each observation during the research. The spawning type of Featherback is partial pattern (step by step). The first size of maturity gonad from male fish was in length 135 mm and female fish was in length 162 mm. Fecundity of Featherback was in range 1.051-6.057 eggs. Fecundity is not influenced by length or weight body. For the sake to keep Featherback population needed a regulation, such as: the mesh size regulation of gillnet have to 30 mm or equal with 1.5 inci.

/pdf/biologi-reproduksi-ikan-belida-notopterus-notopterus-pallas-15zhoncve0.pdf

Biologi Reproduksi Ikan Belida (Notopterus notopterus Pallas, 1769) di Kolong-Bendungan Simpur, Pulau Bangka

The potency of mangrove ecosystems can be a provider of economic resources, preserving the ecological environment and providing environmental services. The existence of mangroves in Kuala Langsa is important to study about the economic potential, the potential of carbon sequestration in the form of biomass, coastal tourism potential and social potential of society in support of its development efforts. The result of the research shows that the potential existence of mangrove ecosystem to fishery sector is Rp. 657.563.000 / year, carbon sequestration potential in the form of biomass of 180.365 ton /year, with the economic value of carbon trade of Rp. 2.344.745.000/year, economic potential of coastal tourism reached Rp 22,921,107,253/year. Overall, the estimated total potential of existing mangrove ecosystems in Kuala Langsa is Rp. 29.923.415.253/year. To manage these potentials, a conservation strategy is required, performance improvement of customary institutions and the existence of such management institutions must be continuously strengthened. Keywords : institutional, Kuala Langsa, mangrove, potency, strategic  management

/pdf/management-of-mangrove-ecosystem-potency-in-kuala-langsa-cz0y0ymlx1.pdf

Management of mangrove ecosystem potency in kuala langsa, aceh

The Banggai cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni) is endemic to the Banggai Archipelago. The conservation status of Pterapogon kauderni in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is Endangered, Pterapogon kauderni is considered to be threatened with extinction due to excessive exploitation as well as threats to it’s habitat in shallow coastal waters of 0-5 m depth. The aim of this research was to evaluate this fisheries resource using ecosystem-based indicators and to formulate fisheries management measures using an ecosystem-based approach. The six domains used in this evaluation were the fisheries resource domain, habitat and ecosystem, fishing technology, social, economic, and institutional, using a specific set of indicators for each domain. The evaluation produced the following overall, mean, and highest indicator values and domain categories; 3.226.40, 2.33 and 4.204.12 for the fisheries resource domain, poor category; 4.020.80, 2.17, 5.282.36 for the habitat and ecosystem domain, average category; 4.000, 2.00, 6.000 for the fishing technology domain, average category; 6.685, 2.33, 8.505 for the social domain, category; 2.001.74, 1.50 and 3.005.17 for the economic domain, poor category; and 3.041.38, 2.17, 4.564.12 for the institutional domain, average category

/pdf/pengelolaan-sumber-daya-perikanan-banggai-cardinalfish-26gq0qckmx.pdf

Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Perikanan Banggai Cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni, Koumans 1933) Dengan Pendekatan Ekosistem (Studi Kasus Pulau Banggai Kabupaten Banggai Laut)

Fishing activity have been caused change of fish's structure community and stock depletion.  In the future, this phenomenon also give impact to disturbance the stock sustainability. The study of vulnerability to be relevant before decide that stock has been depleted. The vulnerability study that has been developing based on productivity indicator, particularly for big pelagic fish. This research was conducted from any sources data that relevant to review indicator performance based on statistic approach with mean and confidence interval. PSA parameter for Sardinella and Nemipterus differ from others. This data relevant to apply as reference point for tropical small pelagic fish.Keywords: demersal, indicator, pelagic, performance, PSA ABSTRAKAktifivitas penangkapan terus mendorong terjadinya perubahan struktur komunitas ikan yang dapat menyebabkan penurunan stok dan keberlanjutan. Kajian kerentanan menjadi relevant sebelum memutuskan bahwa stok tersebut diambang penurunan. Kajian kerentanan yang dikembangkan selama ini adalah kelompok ikan pelagis besar.  Kajian ini dilakukan untuk merevisi indikator produktivitas sehingga bisa adaptif bagi ikan pelagis kecil. Data dikumpulkan dari berbagai sumber data sekunder untuk kemudian diolah secara statistik dengan pendekatan nilai rataan (mean) dan confidence interval untuk menentukan batas atas dan batas bawah. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa parameter PSA untuk ikan tembang secara umum berubah dari kriteria PSA sebelumnya, begitu juga dengan ikan kurisi. Hasil modifikasi ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai reference point bagi ikan pelagis kecil dalam analisis PSA yang lebih tepat bagi ikan ikan tropis.Kata kunci: demersal, indikator, pelagis, performa, PSA

/pdf/review-indikator-dari-indek-psa-noaa-untuk-ikan-pelagis-4jktl1dgia.pdf

REVIEW INDIKATOR DARI INDEK PSA NOAA UNTUK IKAN PELAGIS KECIL (TEMBANG: Sardinella sp.; Famili Clupeidae) DAN IKAN DEMERSAL (KURISI: Nemipterus sp.; Famili Nemipteridae)

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