Nanoarchitectonics, a concept encompassing nanoscale microstructures and atomic arrangements in materials, enables the precise modification of materials for desired applications by controlling their physical and chemical properties, as well as surface charge or energy. Particularly in metal materials, where surface reactions play a critical role, nanoarchitecture becomes the most influential factor affecting activity, selectivity, and stability. Focusing on platinum‐group metals (PGMs) due to their inherently high efficiency in energy and environmental applications, this article provides a comprehensive review of synthetic methods for the morphological control of metal nanomaterials. The morphological control is classified into atomic arrangements in 0D, 1D, and 2D nanocrystals, as well as nanoporous structures, and the mechanisms of major reactions are covered in detail. Each chapter is supplemented with a table featuring several examples, facilitating the reader's understanding of the structural controls of PGMs. Finally, the article outlines future challenges in achieving novel metal nanoarchitecture. The hope is that this review provides valuable insights into the synthesis of PGM‐based nanomaterials and serves as a guide for designing and synthesizing innovative metal nanostructures for diverse applications.

Retrospect and Prospect: Nanoarchitectonics of Platinum‐Group‐Metal‐Based Materials

Activated carbon monoliths produced from biomass feedstocks have emerged as a promising option for sustainable and environmentally friendly materials. This review paper provides an extensive overview of the recent advances, challenges, and opportunities associated with the production, properties, applications, and commercialization potential of biomass-based activated carbon monoliths. The review covers the various production routes for these monoliths and how process variables affect their yield, textural, morphological, elemental, mechanical, and electrical properties. The basic steps used in their production include pre-treatment, activation, carbonization, pelletization, or moulding. Notably, carbonization and activation were consistently employed, regardless of the synthesis route explored. The highest reported yield (45.1%) was obtained for a coconut shell-based monolith. Biomass-based activated carbon monoliths have demonstrated diverse applications as adsorbents, catalysts or catalyst supports, energy storage materials, electrode materials in supercapacitors, and gas storage. The review also explores the technical and economic challenges that impact their commercialization, such as feedstock availability and variability, process optimization, quality control, and market competition. Finally, the paper provides insights into future prospects and research directions, including interdisciplinary collaborations, advancements in computational modeling and data-driven approaches, and the potential of biomass-based activated carbon monoliths to contribute to sustainable and green technologies. This study aims to serve as a valuable resource for researchers, industry professionals, and policymakers interested in biomass-based activated carbon monoliths and their potential as sustainable and innovative materials. 

Biomass-derived activated carbon monoliths: A review of production routes, performance, and commercialization potential

Crystallographic effects in photothermal synergistic catalytic oxidation (PTSCO) system for VOCs removal are essential but still lack in-depth systematic studies. Therefore, key factors and synergistic mechanism of propane removal by MnO2 with different crystal planes in PTSCO system were investigated. The results showed that 160-M−300 with the mainly exposed (1 1 0) crystal plane displayed the optimal activity (T90 = 235℃, TOF = 4.90 × 10-7·s−1) and long-term stability (40 h) due to the abundant oxygen vacancies (OVs) controlled by the crystal planes, outstanding low temperature reduction ability and higher oxygen mobility. OVs substantially enhanced the adsorption and activation of propane and O2, and accelerated the efficient separation of photogenerated electrons and holes by capturing the electrons. Correspondingly, density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that (1 1 0) crystal facet had the lowest OVs generation energy and work function, based on which, a multi-pathway enhancement mechanism of PTSCO was proposed. This study clarified the crystal-PTSCO activity dependence, provided theoretical support for the efficient and energy-saving removal of low-carbon alkanes. 

In-situ modulation of α-MnO2 surface oxygen vacancies for photothermal catalytic oxidation of propane: Insights into activity and synergistic mechanism

Harnessing the selectivity in catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 is important for producing valuable chemicals. Herein, the shape dependency of the CO2 hydrogenation on singly dispersed Ru/CeO2 catalysts is investigated. CeO2 of three shapes, including nanocube, nanooctahedron and nanorod, are prepared as the catalyst supports and assigned to the surface of (100), (111) and (110) crystal plane, respectively. The Ru/CeO2 (nanorod) exhibits the highest selectivity to CO (97.6 %) at 350 °C, while the Ru/CeO2 (nanocube) exhibits a mediocre selectivity to CO (41.4 %) but the highest CO2 conversion. The shape of the CeO2 support determines the electronic state of supported Ru atoms through the electronic metal-support interaction. The low CO affinity on cationic Ruβ sites leads to the higher selectivity to CO on the Ru/CeO2 (nanorod) and Ru/CeO2 (nanooctahedron) catalysts, while the strong dissociation ability of H2 on low valence Ruα sites results in the high activity on the Ru/CeO2 (nanocube) catalyst. 

Shape dependency of CO2 hydrogenation on ceria supported singly dispersed Ru catalysts

g-C3N4 is a metal-free photocatalytic material, but it has poor photocatalytic activity due to its fast e-/h+ recombination rate. In this paper, Fe2O3/g-C3N4 composite was constructed to improve the photocatalytic property of g-C3N4. The photocatalytic performance of Fe2O3/g-C3N4 composite was evaluated for the methyl orange (MO) degradation under simulate visible light. The results showed that Fe2O3 combined with g-C3N4 can obviously decline the e-/h+ recombination rate, which was attributed to the synergistic effect in Fe2O3/g-C3N4 composite that increased the lifetime of photogenerated carriers. What's more, the degradation rate of MO by 1 %-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 composite can reach 92.2 % within 60 min. Furthermore, 1 %-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 composite also had excellent photocatalytic stability. 

Synthesis of Fe2O3/g-C3N4 composite with efficient photocatalytic degradation for methyl orange

Surface intermediates steer the pathways of CO2 hydrogenation on Pt/γ-Al2O3: Importance of the metal-support interface

Preparation, modification and environmental application of carbon monoliths assisted by the electric field: A review

Mno2 Nanoparticles Supported on Cnts for Cumene Oxidation: Synergistic Effect and Kinetic Modelling

The uptake of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from wastewater is of great significance for environmental remediation and resource utilization. In this study, a self-designed instrument equipped with an oxidized mesoporous carbon monolith (o-MCM) as an electro-adsorbent is developed. o-MCM with a super hydrophilic surface displayed a high specific surface area (up to 686.5 m2  g-1 ). With the assistance of an electric field (0.5 V), the removal capacity of Cr(VI) ions is as high as 126.6 mg g-1 , much higher than that without an electric field (49.5 mg g-1 ). During this process, no reduction reaction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) ions is observed. After adsorption, the reverse electrode with 10 V is used to efficiently desorb the ions on the carbon surface. Meanwhile, the in situ regeneration of carbon adsorbents can be obtained even after ten recycles. On this basis, the enrichment of Cr(VI) ions in a special solution is achieved with the assistance of an electric field. This work lays a foundation for the uptake of heavy metal ions from wastewater with the assistance of the electric field.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/advs.202301419

Electric Field-Assisted Uptake of Hexavalent Chromium Ions with In Situ Regeneration of Carbon Monolith Adsorbents.

Quantification of Electron Transfer on Carbon Nanotubes: Effect of Edge Defects on Electro-oxidation of Glycerol Catalyzed by Platinum

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