Online survey: A national study with school principals

Abstract : Section 6001 of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004, P.L. 108-458, amended the definition of "agent of a foreign power" in the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA), 50 U.S.C. 1801(b)(1), to add a new category of covered individuals. Under this lone wolf provision, a non-United States person who engages in international terrorism or activities in preparation for international terrorism is deemed to be an "agent of a foreign power" under FISA. This provision does not change the procedures to be used to apply for a court order authorizing electronic surveillance or a physical search under FISA. If an order is sought under this definition of an "agent of a foreign power," however, the applicant is not required to demonstrate a connection between the target of the electronic surveillance or the physical search and a foreign nation, foreign group, or international terrorist group. Nor does the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court (FISC), in approving such an order, have to find probable cause to believe that such a connection existed. Rather, if the court authorizes such a surveillance or physical search using this definition of "agent of a foreign power," the FISC judge has to find, in pertinent part, that, based upon the information provided by the applicant for the order, the target had engaged in or was engaging in international terrorism or activities in preparation therefor. By operation of the sunset provision in Section 103 of the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act, P.L. 109-177, the amendment to the definition of "agent of a foreign power" in FISA will cease to have effect on December 31, 2009.

Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004: 'Lone Wolf' Amendment to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act [Updated December 19, 2006]

In recent years, unconventional emergencies occur frequently. Due to its characteristics of unpredictability, complexity, and small probability events, conventional "Prediction- response" model has been difficult to effectively deal with unconventional emergencies. "scenario- response" is a basic paradigm to deal with unconventional emergencies. Based on this background, research on scenario and scenario-response theory of unconventional emergencies has become a hot point in the areas of emergency management. Review on present literatures can sort out the direction of future research and it plays a positive role in promoting the work in unconventional emergency management.

Review on the Scenario and Scenario-Response Theory for Unconventional Emergency Management

This study aims to fulfill the research gap by suggesting an appropriate and adaptable e-government (e-gov) maturity model for Pakistan not just in the abstract pattern relatively but also in a practical solution assured by the industry experts.,The qualitative research approach using key informants from the public sector domain; furthermore, e-gov performance artifacts were verified by the citizens through the process of focus group interviews.,The major finding of the study is the development of e-gov maturity model with implementations artifacts in proposed stages as follows: availability, interaction, integration, transactions and public participation.,This study contributes a qualitative meta-synthesis in the field of e-gov maturity models and could support researchers who are in a quest of knowledge and references to develop new maturity models for their specific countries by providing them with useful resources for further investigation and study.,This maturity model will strengthen the argument that the e-gov services are necessary for the acceptance behaviour of the citizens and the prosperous public administration by the Government in Pakistan. This research strengthens the science-policy interface that has prevented governments from delivering changes on the ground to the public, and it will also identify diversified opportunities for the e-gov sector that can reverse the lack of investment in this domain.,The study intends to provide directions to policymakers for the development of e-gov services for the citizens. Additionally, the public value of e-gov can be better understood in the form of citizens’ expectations from the government and this model will integrate public participation in the development of e-gov service.,The public value of e-gov can be better understood in the form citizens’ expectations from the government through this maturity model, furthermore, it can be recommended that the government can improve the relationship between the citizens and the state through the use of information and communication technologies which will strengthen the democratic process in Pakistan.

Synthesizing e-government maturity model: a public value paradigm towards digital Pakistan

Intelligence service model (ISM) plays a key role in emergency decision-makings (EDM). So, how will it be changed to better support those unconventional emergency decisions based on “scenario-response” paradigm? To solve it, the paper firstly analyzes the relationships between two main chains in EDM which are named “scenarios chain” and “decision-making chain”, and adopts a “target-centric” intelligence process to establish a new ISM. Then, an example of “Songhua river water pollution incident” in China is taken to further explain the operation mechanism of this model. Finally, suggestions are promoted from three aspects - intelligence theory, intelligence culture and intelligence resources. The study is to provide a new perspective for the development of theory and practice in emergency intelligence services. Keyword: Unconventional emergency, Scenario-response, Emergency decision-making (EDM), Intelligence service model (ISM)

http://www.sersc.org/journals/IJHIT/vol9_no5_2016/15.pdf

Study on the Intelligence Service Model in "Scenario-Response" Emergency Decision Making: Taking China as an Example

The capability of e-government service EGS is affected by different organizational factors, including internal and external. Human factor is the most critical internal factor. However, few studies providing minimal anecdotal evidence have examined the relationships between human factors and EGSC. To fill the gap, this paper attempts to conceive and develop confirmatory factor analysis CFA models, along with structural equation modeling SEM, from the perspective of the role, desire, skill, and learning ability of leader, team, and faculty in the process of building and applying e-Gov to investigate the relationships between them. These models explored the mechanism of how human factors affect EGSC and its components. And several valuable findings are concluded based on the empirical data analysis. It is believed that the abovementioned facets are significant for the Chinese local government sectors in designing an effective EGS delivery mechanism and improving their EGSC.

Human Factors and E-Government Service Capability: A Path Analysis

To coherently provide e-government service (EGS) at a proper cost and time, it is necessary to evaluate and management EGS capability according to the demand of public in the current and future. That is, effective capability management will help to prevent unnecessary investments and response timely to any changes in IT capabilities. So, this study discussed the concept and aims of EGS capability management based on the international best practices in the IT capability management firstly. Then, it analyzed the capability management processes, objects, primary steps, value of the EGS through construct the capability “Holding-Enhancement” model. Consequently, argued the benefits of EGS capability management was argued. Finally, case study on EGS capability management was carried out. The approach proposed in this paper might be helpful for the government IT managers to management EGS capability effectively and efficiently.

http://www.sersc.org/journals/IJUNESST/vol9_no5/30.pdf

A Management Approach of E-government Service Capability: An ITIL Perspective

Taking Confucius Institutes (CIs) as an example, this paper examines and describes the current development of China's soft power, analyses the positive impact of CIs on China in terms of culture, economy and foreign policy through concrete data and examples, identifies the problems CIs are currently facing, and makes brief recommendations.

The current state of soft power development in china: the confucius institute as an example

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Yixin Ma

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Study on the Intelligence Service Model in "Scenario-Response" Emergency Decision Making: Taking China as an Example

Human Factors and E-Government Service Capability: A Path Analysis

A Management Approach of E-government Service Capability: An ITIL Perspective

The current state of soft power development in china: the confucius institute as an example