The paper presents investigation on self-focusing and self-phase modulation of Gaussian laser beam in a weakly relativistic and ponderomotive regime by taking into account the quantum effects. We have reported additional self-focusing for reduced value of beam width parameter on account of nonlinear dielectric contribution of relativistic ponderomotive plasma. Moreover, the significant contribution of the quantum effects to enhance the self-focusing and minimize the longitudinal phase shift has been noticed. A comparison has also been attempted with relativistic and ponderomotive, relativistic cold quantum and classical relativistic regimes. In the present investigation, we have observed that for the case of relativistic ponderomotive cold quantum plasma, the focusing is found to be earlier and strongest. Also, the minimum amount of phase shift is obtained. We have setup the nonlinear differential equations for the beam-width parameter and self-phase modulation by using variational approach and solved the...

Self-focusing of Gaussian laser beam in weakly relativistic and ponderomotive cold quantum plasma

The propagation characters of Gaussian laser beam in collisionless plasma are investigated by considering the ponderomotive and relativistic nonlinearities. The second-order differential equation of dimensionless beam width parameter is solved numerically, taking into account the effect of electron temperature. The results show that the ponderomotive force does not facilitate the relativistic self-focusing in all intensity ranges. In fact, there exists a certain intensity value that, if below this value, the ponderomotive nonlinearity can contribute to the relativistic self-focusing, or obstruct it, if above. It is also indicated that there is a temperature interval in which self-focusing can occur, while the beam diverges outside of this region. In addition, the results represent the existence of a “turning point temperature” in the mentioned interval that the self-focusing has the strongest power. The value of the turning point is dependent on laser intensity in which higher intensities result in higher turning point.

Turning point temperature and competition between relativistic and ponderomotive effects in self-focusing of laser beam in plasma

Relativistic Self-Focusing of Hermite-cosine-Gaussian Laser Beam in Collisionless Plasma with Exponential Density Transition

The propagation characters of Gaussian laser beam in plasmas of Drude model have been investigated by complex eikonal function assumption. The dielectric constant of Drude model is representative and applicable in describing the cold unmagnetized plasmas. The dynamics of ponderomotive nonlinearity, spatial diffraction, and collision attenuation is considered. The derived coupling equations determine the variations of laser beam and irradiation attenuation. The modified laser beam-width parameter F, the dimensionless axis irradiation intensity I, and the spatial electron density distribution n/n0 have been studied in connection with collision frequency, initial laser intensity and beam-width, and electron temperature of plasma. The variations of laser beam and plasma density due to different selections of parameters are reasonably explained, and results indicate the feasible modification of the propagating characters of laser beam in plasmas, which possesses significance to fast ignition, extended propagat...

Propagation of Gaussian laser beam in cold plasma of Drude model

The propagation characteristics of a Gaussian laser beam through warm collisional plasma are investigated by considering the ponderomotive force nonlinearity and the complex eikonal function. By introducing the dielectric permittivity of warm unmagnetized plasma and using the WKB and paraxial ray approximations, the coupled differential equations defining the variations of laser beam parameters are obtained and solved numerically. Effects of laser and plasma parameters such as the collision frequency, the initial laser intensity and its spot size on the beam width parameter and the axis laser intensity distribution are analyzed. It is shown that, self-focusing of the laser beam takes place faster by increasing the collision frequency and initial laser spot size and then after some distance propagation the laser beam abruptly loses its initial diameter and vastly diverges. Furthermore, the modified electron density distribution is obtained and the collision frequency effect on this distribution is studied.

Ponderomotive self-focusing of Gaussian laser beam in warm collisional plasma

This paper presents an investigation of the propagation characters of Gaussian laser beam in cold collisionless plasma by considering the plasma temperature variation. The ponderomotive nonlinearity is involved and induces the nonlinear self-focusing against spatial diffraction. The second-order differential equation of dimensionless beam width parameter f(ξ) in terms of plasma temperature is established from Maxwell’s equations with paraxial approximation. The initial (P0,ρ0) plane, behaviors of f(ξ) parameter, and perturbed density n/nn0 n0 of different plasma temperatures are plotted and analyzed. The plasma temperature is divided into four regions, which leads to different propagation characters including oscillatory divergence, self-trapping, self-focusing, and steady divergence. The plasma density distribution modified by the electric field intensity and plasma temperature is discussed.

Propagation characters of Gaussian laser beams in collisionless plasma: Effect of plasma temperature

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Propagation characters of Gaussian laser beams in collisionless plasma: Effect of plasma temperature